英语介词for的用法(2)
英语介词for的用法
For ten years he lived here. 他在这里住过10年。
We have not heard from him for a long time. 我们很久没收到他的来信了。
用法9：对，对于。如：
Eggs are good for you. 鸡蛋对你有好处。
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 躺在床上看书对你的眼睛不好。
Fortunately for me, the train was also late. 我很走运，火车也晚点了。
【用法说明】关于 for 与 to 表示“对……来说”时的区别，参见 to。
用法10：(表适合)适于，适合。如：
Do you have any books for children? 你有适合小孩子看的书吗?
He is the very person for the work. 他是最适合做这工作的人。
It's a good place for a camp. 那是个露营的好地方。
She bought some clothes for winter. 她买了些冬天穿的衣服。
用法11：(表交换)换，以……作交换。如：
He gave her some magazines for her dictionary. 他用几本杂志换她的字典。
She bought the skirt for $50. 她花了50美元买这条裙子。
I bought a pound of apples for 70 cents. 我花了七角钱买了一磅苹果。
Don't translate word for word. 不要逐字硬译。
用法12：作为，当作。如：
Don't take him for a fool. 别把他当傻瓜。
He mistook a rope for a snake. 他把一条绳子误认为是蛇。
He knew that for a fact. 他知道那是事实。
The missing persons were given up for dead. 大家都认为那些失踪的人已死了。
【用法说明】用于此义时，有时相当于 as, to be, as being，但要注意不同句型的搭配习惯。如：
I took him for an honest man. / I took him to be honest. 我看他为人老实。
It was built for [as] a pleasure boat. 这船建作游艇之用。
比较：
He took her smile for agreement. 他把她的微笑视为同意。
Will you take me as your partner? 你把我看作你的合伙人好吗?
按传统语法，take…for… 通常指误认为是……，而 take…as [to be] 则主要指正确地认为是……。但在现代英语中，有时并未完全遵守此规则。
但是与 mistake 连用的则通常是 for 而不是 as。如：
We mistook the house for a hotel. 我们把那房子误以为旅馆。
用法13：(表支持、赞成)支持，赞成。如：
Are you for or against the plan?你是支持还是反对这个计划?
I'm all for the young enjoying themselves. 我完全赞成年轻人多玩玩。
用法14：(表基准)就……来说，以……而言，作为。如：
He's done well for a beginner. 作为新手，他干得很好。
He is heavy for a small boy. 作为一个小男孩而言，他的身体算重的了。
She was short for her age. 就她的年龄来说，个子是矮了点。
The day is cool for July. 在7月里这样的日子算是凉快的了。
用法15：(表比例)每……就……。如：
Plant three trees for every one that is cut down. 每砍一棵树要种三棵树。
He has one enemy for a hundred friends. 他的敌人与朋友之比为一比一百。
For every five who passed, there were two who failed. 每5个人及格，就有2个不及格。
For every mistake you make, you'll lose half a mark. 你每犯一个错误，就要扣去半分。
【用法说明】用于此义时，通常与 each, every 或数词连用。
用法16：代表，代替，代理。如：
What's the English for “中国”? 英语里“中国”怎么说?
What's the “C” for in “BBC”? BBC中的C代表什么?
Red is for danger. 红色代表危险。
Let me do it for you. 让我替你做吧。
The lawyer acted for him during the trial. 在审案期间由律师代表他行事。
用法17：(表安排的时间)在，于。如：
The appointment is for 10:30. 约会定在十点半。
We've invited our guests for 7 o'clock. 我们已邀请我们的客人7点钟来。
We've booked our holiday for the second week in July. 我们的假期安排在七月份的第二个星期。
The next meeting was arranged for the tenth of May. 下次会议已定于5月10日举行。
【用法说明】用于此义时，for 主要指安排或约定的时间，所以像下面两例中的介词 at，in 就不能换成 for。如：
He gets up at six every day. 他每天6点钟起床。
He was born in September, 1988. 他出生于1988年9月。
用法18：(表让步)尽管，虽然。如：
For all his money, he's a very lonely man. 他虽然富有，可是非常寂寞。
For all his efforts, he didn't succeed. 尽管他做了很多努力，却仍然没有成功。
I love you, for all your shortcomings. 尽管你有很多缺点，但我仍然爱你。
【用法说明】用于此义时，通常与 all 连用。(见上例)
用法19：(与不定式连用引出逻辑上的主语)。如：
It is for you to decide. 该由你来决定。
All I want is for us to be together. 我希望的只是我们能在一起。
Is there any need for me to go? 我有没有必要去?
He spoke too fast for her to follow. 他说得太快，她跟不上。
It is a great pity for him to leave here so soon. 他这么快就离开这里真是遗憾。
It is dangerous for a small child to cross the road alone. 小孩子自己过马路很危险。
For a bridge to collapse like that is unbelievable. 一座桥像那样倒塌是不可想像的。
【用法说明】(1) 下面两句同义，但以第一句为普通。如：
老人快跑是危险的。
正：It is dangerous for an old man to run fast.
正：For an old man to run fast is dangerous.
(2) 有时可表目的。如：
I've sent my coat away for it to be cleaned. 我把外衣送去洗了。
For sales to increase, we must lower our prices. 为了增加销量，我们必须降低价格。
(3) 有时用于 than 后引出不定式的逻辑主语。如：
There's nothing worse than for a person to ill-treat a child. 没有什么比虐待小孩更恶劣的了。
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