同学利用电压表和电流表测量电阻R 1 的阻值（约9Ω左右），电源选用两节干电池。（1）按图甲所示的电路， 同学利用电压表和电流表测量电阻R1的阻值（约9Ω左右），电源...
\u540c\u5b66\u5229\u7528\u7535\u538b\u8868\u548c\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u6d4b\u91cf\u7535\u963bR1\u7684\u963b\u503c\uff08\u7ea69\u03a9\u5de6\u53f3\uff09\uff0c\u7535\u6e90\u9009\u7528\u4e24\u8282\u5e72\u7535\u6c60\uff0e\uff081\uff09\u8be5\u540c\u5b66\u68c0\u67e5\u7535\u8def\u8fde\u63a5\u6b63\uff081\uff09\u79fb\u52a8\u6ed1\u7247\uff0c\u7535\u538b\u8868\u603b\u793a\u6570\u4e3a3V\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u7535\u538b\u8868\u6d4b\u7684\u662f\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u5373R1\u5904\u65ad\u8def\u6216R2\u5904\u77ed\u8def\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u7531\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5c06\u6ed1\u7247P\u5411\u5de6\u6ed1\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u63a5\u5165\u7535\u8def\u7684\u963b\u503c\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u7535\u8def\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u589e\u5927\uff0cR1\u4e24\u7aef\u7535\u538b\u53d8\u5927\uff0c\u7535\u538b\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5c06\u589e\u5927\uff1b\u7535\u6e90\u7531\u8fde\u63a5\u5e72\u7535\u6c60\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\u4e3a1.5V\u00d72=3V\uff0c\u7535\u538b\u8868\u91cf\u7a0b\u4e3a0\uff5e3V\uff0c\u7531\u56fe2\u6240\u793a\u7535\u538b\u8868\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5176\u5206\u5ea6\u503c\u4e3a0.1V\uff0c\u793a\u6570\u4e3a2V\uff1b\u7535\u8def\u6700\u5927\u7535\u6d41\u7ea6\u4e3aI=UR=3V9\u03a9=13A\uff0c\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u91cf\u7a0b\u90090\uff5e0.6A\uff0c\u7531\u56fe2\u6240\u793a\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5176\u5206\u5ea6\u503c\u4e3a0.02A\uff0c\u793a\u6570\u4e3a0.2A\uff0c\u2235I=UR\uff0c\u2234\u7535\u963b\u963b\u503cR=UI=2V0.2A=10\u03a9\uff1b\u53ea\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u53ea\u6d4b\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u5e94\u591a\u6b21\u6d4b\u91cf\u6c42\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c0f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u8bef\u5dee\uff0e\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff081\uff09R1\u65ad\u8def\uff1bR2\u77ed\u8def\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u589e\u5927\uff1b10\uff1b\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u6b21\u6d4b\u91cf\u6c42\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0e
\uff081\uff09\u6bcf\u8282\u5e72\u7535\u6c60\u7535\u538b\u4e3a1.5V\uff0c\u7535\u6e90\u7531\u4e24\u8282\u5e72\u7535\u6c60\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538bU=1.5V\u00d72=3V\uff0c\u7535\u8def\u6700\u5927\u7535\u6d41\u7ea6\u4e3a\uff1aI=UR1=3V9\u03a9\u22480.3A\uff0c\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u5e94\u90090\uff5e0.6A\u91cf\u7a0b\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u7532\uff0c\u628a\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u3001\u5f00\u5173\u3001\u7535\u963b\u4e32\u8054\u63a5\u5165\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u5b9e\u7269\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0e\uff082\uff09\u95ed\u5408\u5f00\u5173\u524d\uff0c\u5c06\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u7684\u6ed1\u7247\u79fb\u81f3\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u7aef\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u63a5\u5165\u7535\u8def\u7684\u963b\u503c\u6700\u5927\uff0e\uff083\uff09\u5408\u4e0a\u5f00\u5173\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u600e\u6837\u79fb\u52a8\u6ed1\u7247\uff0c\u7535\u538b\u8868\u793a\u6570\u603b\u4e3a3V\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5f85\u6d4b\u7535\u963bR1\u65ad\u8def\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u7535\u538b\u8868\u6d4b\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\uff0e\uff084\uff09\u5c06\u6ed1\u7247P\u5411\u5de6\u6ed1\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u63a5\u5165\u7535\u8def\u7684\u963b\u503c\u53d8\u5c0f\uff0c\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u5206\u538b\u53d8\u5c0f\uff0c\u7535\u963b\u4e24\u7aef\u7535\u538b\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u7535\u538b\u8868\u793a\u6570\u5c06\u589e\u5927\uff1b\u7531\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u91cf\u7a0b\u4e3a0\uff5e0.6A\uff0c\u7531\u56fe\u4e19\u6240\u793a\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5176\u5206\u5ea6\u503c\u4e3a0.02A\uff0c\u793a\u6570\u4e3a0.2A\uff0c\u7531\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u7535\u538b\u8868\u91cf\u7a0b\u4e3a0\uff5e3V\uff0c\u7531\u56fe\u4e19\u6240\u793a\u7535\u538b\u8868\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5176\u5206\u5ea6\u503c\u4e3a0.1V\uff0c\u793a\u6570\u4e3a2V\uff0c\u2235I=UR\uff0c\u2234\u7535\u963bR=UI=2V0.2A=10\u03a9\uff1b\u53ea\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6d4b\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u6240\u6c42\u51fa\u7684\u7535\u963b\u963b\u503c\u8bef\u5dee\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\uff0e\uff085\uff09\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u2460\u95ed\u5408\u5f00\u5173\uff0c\u4f7f\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u8fde\u5165\u7535\u8def\u7684\u963b\u503c\u6700\u5c0f\uff08\u4e3a\u96f6\uff09\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e0b\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u7684\u793a\u6570I1\uff1b\u2461\u5c06\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u8fde\u5165\u7535\u8def\u7684\u963b\u503c\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e0b\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u793a\u6570I2\uff0e\u2235\u7535\u6e90\u7684\u7535\u538b\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0cI=UR\uff0c\u2234U=I1Rx=I2\uff08Rx+R0\uff09\uff0c\u89e3\u5f97\uff1aRx=I2R0I1?I2\uff0e\uff086\uff09\u5c0f\u706f\u6ce1\u7684\u989d\u5b9a\u7535\u538b\u4e3a3.8V\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u5176\u6b63\u5e38\u53d1\u5149\uff0c\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f4e\u4e8e3.8V\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7535\u6e90\u5904\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u8282\u5e72\u7535\u6c60\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7535\u538b\u8868\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u62e90\uff5e15V\u91cf\u7a0b\uff0e\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u53f3\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u5f85\u6d4b\u7535\u963bR1\u65ad\u8def\uff1b\uff084\uff09\u589e\u5927\uff1b0.2A\uff1b10\uff1b\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u53ea\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u8bef\u5dee\u8f83\u5927\uff1b\uff085\uff09\u2460\u95ed\u5408\u5f00\u5173\uff0c\u4f7f\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u8fde\u5165\u7535\u8def\u7684\u963b\u503c\u6700\u5c0f\uff08\u4e3a\u96f6\uff09\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e0b\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u7684\u793a\u6570I1\uff1b\u2461\u5c06\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u8fde\u5165\u7535\u8def\u7684\u963b\u503c\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e0b\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u793a\u6570I2\uff1b=I2R0I1?I2\uff1b\uff086\uff09\u2460\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u8282\u5e72\u7535\u6c60\uff1b\u2461\u7535\u538b\u8868\u6362\u63a50\uff5e15V\u7684\u91cf\u7a0b\uff0e
| （1）如图所示（2）R 1 断路或R 2 被短路；（3）增大；10；不可靠，没有多次测量求平均值，误差较大． 绛旓細锛1锛夋湰瀹為獙鐩殑鏄鐢ㄧ數鍘嬭〃鍜岀數娴佽〃娴嬮噺鐢甸樆锛屾墍浠ユ祴閲忎华琛ㄦ槸鐢垫祦琛ㄣ佺數鍘嬭〃锛屼笖鐢垫祦琛ㄤ笌寰呮祴鐢甸樆涓茶仈锛岀數鍘嬭〃涓庡緟娴嬬數闃诲苟鑱旓紱鍚屾椂涓哄娆℃祴閲忓噺灏忚宸紝搴旀敼鍙樺緟娴嬬數闃讳袱绔數鍘嬪拰閫氳繃鐨勭數娴侊紝鎵浠ラ渶瑕佷竴涓粦鍔ㄥ彉闃诲櫒涓庡緟娴嬬數闃讳覆鑱旓紟锛2锛夋粦鍔ㄥ彉闃诲櫒涓ょ鐢靛帇涓篣0=IR0=0.14A脳20惟=2.8V鎵浠ョ數婧愮數鍘... 绛旓細灏鐢靛帇琛骞惰仈鍦ㄤ簡婊戝姩鍙橀樆鍣ㄤ袱绔 璇曢鍒嗘瀽锛氾紙1锛変紡瀹夋硶娴嬬數闃鐨勭數璺负涓茶仈鐢佃矾锛岄儴鍒嗙數璺涓嬪浘鎵绀猴細 寮濮嬫粦鐗囩疆浜庨樆鍊兼渶澶т綅缃紝鐢佃矾涓數娴佹渶灏忥紝褰撴粦鐗囩Щ鍔ㄦ椂锛鐢垫祦琛绀烘暟澧炲ぇ锛孯 x 涓ょ鐢靛帇 锛屼篃搴旇澧炲ぇ锛孯 0 涓ょ鐢靛帇 锛屽噺灏忥紝鎵浠ョ粨鍚堥鐩腑鐨勫彊杩扳滃綋浠栫Щ鍔ㄥ彉闃诲櫒鐨勬粦鐗囨椂锛岃瀵熷埌鐢垫祦... 绛旓細锛1锛夌數璺腑鐨勬渶澶х數娴両=UR=3V9惟鈮0.33A锛屾晠鐢垫祦琛鐨勯噺绋嬮夋嫨0锝0.6A锛涘皢寮鍏炽佺數娴佽〃浠ュ強鐢甸樆涓茶仈璧锋潵锛涘涓嬪浘鎵绀猴細锛2锛夊湪闂悎寮鍏充箣鍓嶏紝婊戝姩鍙橀樆鍣ㄥ簲澶勪簬鏈澶ч樆鍊肩殑鍙崇锛岃繖鏍峰仛鐨勭洰鐨勬槸涓轰簡闃叉鐢垫祦杩囧ぇ锛屼繚鎶ょ數璺紱锛3锛夌Щ鍔ㄦ粦鐗囷紝鐢靛帇琛ㄧず鏁版讳负3V锛岃鏄鐢靛帇琛ㄦ祴鐨勬槸鐢垫簮鐢靛帇锛屽嵆瀹氬肩數闃... 绛旓細璇存槑鐢靛帇琛V 1 娴嬮噺鐨勪篃鏄數婧愮數鍘嬶紝鍙戠敓鏁呴殰鐨勫師鍥犲彲鑳芥槸婊戝姩鍙橀樆鍣ㄧ煭璺垨鑰匯 1 鏂矾锛涳紙4锛変负浜嗗噺灏忓疄楠岃宸紝瀹為獙鑷冲皯鍋氫笁娆★紝鎵浠ヨ〃鏍艰璁′负鍥涜浜斿垪锛屽涓嬭〃鎵绀猴細 娆℃暟 鐢靛帇U 1 /V 鐢垫祦I/V 鐢甸樆R 1 /惟 鐢甸樆骞冲潎鍊/惟 1 2 3 鏁呯瓟妗堜负锛氾紙1锛 锛2锛10锛涳紙3锛... 绛旓細姹備笁娆℃祴閲忕殑鐢甸樆骞冲潎鍊肩殑鐩殑鏄細澶氭娴嬮噺姹傚钩鍧囧硷紝浠ュ噺灏忓疄楠岃宸紟锛3锛夌敱鍔熺巼P=UI鍙煡锛鍒╃敤鐢靛帇琛ㄤ笌鐢垫祦琛鍒嗗埆娴嬮噺鍑虹數鍘嬪拰鐢垫祦鍊硷紝鍙緱鍑虹數闃荤殑瀹為檯鍔熺巼锛涘洜姝や笉鏀瑰彉涓婇潰杩炲ソ鐨勭數璺紝鐢ㄥ畠杩樺彲浠ュ畬鎴愮殑瀹為獙鏄娴嬮噺鐢甸樆鐨勫疄闄呭姛鐜囷紟鏁呯瓟妗堜负锛氾紙2锛0.2锛12锛涘噺灏忓疄楠岃宸紱锛3锛夋祴閲忕數闃荤殑瀹為檯... 绛旓細锛1锛夊鍥撅紝鐢靛帇琛ㄤ笌鐢甸樆R骞惰仈锛鐢垫祦琛銆佸彉闃诲櫒涓茶仈鍦ㄧ數璺腑锛涳紙2锛夎鍥句箼鍙煡锛岀數娴佽〃鐨勯噺绋嬩负0锝0.6A锛屽垎搴﹀间负0.02A锛岀ず鏁颁负0.24A锛庣數闃籖=UI=2.4V0.24A=10惟锛涳紙3锛夊皬鏄庝粎娴嬩簡涓缁勬暟鎹紝搴斿娆娴嬮噺鍙栧钩鍧囧硷紝鏁板兼墠鏇村彲闈狅紝璇樊鎵嶆洿灏忥紱锛4锛鍒╃敤杩欎竴瀹為獙瑁呯疆锛屽湪鐢佃矾杩炴帴涓嶅彉鐨勬儏鍐典笅... 绛旓細鐢卞浘2鎵绀鐢靛帇琛鍙煡锛岀數鍘嬭〃绀烘暟鏄2.7V锛涚數璺渶澶х數娴佹槸0.58A锛岀敱鍥3鎵绀鐢垫祦琛鍙煡锛岀數娴佽〃绀烘暟鏄0.28A锛屸埖I=UR锛屸埓鐢甸樆闃诲糝2=U2I2=2.7V0.28A鈮9.6惟锛涒憿婊戝姩鍙橀樆鍣ㄦ帴鍏ョ數璺殑闃诲间负闆舵椂锛屽緟娴嬬數闃鐢靛帇绛変簬鐢垫簮鐢靛帇6V锛岀數娴佽〃绀烘暟鏈澶т负0.58A锛屸埖I=UR锛屸埓鐢甸樆闃诲糝3=U3I3=6V0.58A鈮... 绛旓細锛庯紙6锛鐢垫祦琛鏃犵ず鏁拌〃鏄庣數璺柇璺紝鐢靛帇琛ㄦ祴寰娴嬬數闃涓ょ鐨勭數鍘嬶紝鐢靛帇琛ㄦ湁绀烘暟锛岃鏄庢柇璺綅缃湪寰呮祴鐢甸樆澶凴x锛庯紙7锛夊鏋滅數鍘嬭〃绀烘暟UV=1.5V锛屽垯婊戝姩鍙橀樆鍣ㄧ數鍘嬩负U婊=4.5V-1.5V=3V锛屾鏃剁數璺數娴佷负I=UVRX=1.5V12.3惟鈮0.12A锛屾粦鍔ㄥ彉闃诲櫒闃诲间负R'婊=U婊慖=3V0.12A=25惟锛... 绛旓細鈶犻棴鍚堢數寤猴紝鐢靛帇琛ㄤ笌鐢垫祦琛閮芥湁绀烘暟锛岀Щ鍔ㄦ粦鍔ㄥ彉闃诲櫒婊戠墖锛岀數鍘嬭〃鐨勭ず鏁伴愭笎鍙樺皬锛岀洿鍒颁负闆讹紝璇存槑鐢靛帇琛ㄦ祴鐨勪笉鏄緟娴嬬數闃涓ょ鐨勭數鍘嬶紝鑰屾槸娴嬫粦鍔ㄥ彉闃诲櫒涓ょ鐨勭數鍘嬶紝鐢靛帇琛ㄥ苟鑱斿湪婊戝姩鍙橀樆鍣ㄤ袱绔紱鈶＄涓娆￠棴鍚堢數閿悗锛岀數鍘嬭〃鏄祴閲忕殑婊戝姩鍙橀樆鍣ㄤ袱绔殑鐢靛帇锛岀敱鍥剧ず鍙煡锛氱數娴佽〃閲忕▼涓0锝0.6A锛屽垎搴﹀间负0.... 绛旓細锛1锛変紡瀹夋硶娴嬬數闃鐨勫師鐞嗭細R=UI锛屾墍浠ヨ娴嬮噺鏈煡鐢甸樆锛岄渶瑕娴嬮噺鐢甸樆涓ょ鐨勭數鍘嬪拰鐢佃矾涓殑鐢垫祦锛涳紙2锛夊凡鐭ョ數婧愮數鍘嬩负3脳1.5V=4.5V锛屾牴鎹鐢靛帇琛鐨勬寚閽堜綅缃彲鐭ワ紝鐢靛帇琛ㄩ噺绋嬮夋嫨0锝3V锛屽垎搴﹀间负0.1V锛岀ず鏁颁负1.7V锛涙牴鎹鎰忓彲鐭ョ數璺腑鐨勬渶澶х數娴佷负0.36A锛屽洜姝鐢垫祦琛閲忕▼涓0锝0.6A锛屽垎搴﹀间负0.... 本站交流只代表网友个人观点，与本站立场无关 |
