高一的英语关于虚拟语气 高中英语虚拟语气问题

\u9ad8\u4e2d\u82f1\u8bed\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9

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\u4e3b\u53e5\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+should/would/could/might+do
eg\uff1a
If I were you,I would take an umbrella.\u5982\u679c\u6211\u662f\u4f60,\u6211\u4f1a\u5e26\u628a\u4f1e.
2\u3001\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5
\u4ece\u53e5\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+had+done
\u4e3b\u53e5\uff1a\u4e3b\u8bed+should/would/could/might+have done\u3000
eg\uff1a
If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.\u5982\u679c\u6211\u65e9\u5230\u90a3\u513f,\u6211\u5c31\u4f1a\u89c1\u5230\u5979.\u3000\u3000

3\u3001\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u5c06\u6765\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u63a8\u6d4b
\u4ece\u53e5\uff1a\u4e3b\u53e5
\u2460if+\u4e3b\u8bed+were to do \uff1a\u2460\u4e3b\u8bed+should/would/could/might+do
\u2461if+\u4e3b\u8bed+did/were \u2461\u4e3b\u8bed+should/would/could/might+do\u3000
\u2462if+\u4e3b\u8bed+should+do \u2462\u4e3b\u8bed+should/would/could/might+do\u3000
eg\uff1a
\u2460\uff0eIf he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u660e\u5929\u6765\u8fd9\u513f\u7684\u8bdd,\u6211\u5c31\u8ddf\u4ed6\u8c08\u8c08.\uff08\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1a\u6765\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f88\u5c0f\uff09
\u2461\uff0eIf there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u4e0b\u5468\u65e5\u4e0b\u5927\u96ea,\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u53bb\u6ed1\u51b0\u4e86.\uff08\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1a\u4e0d\u77e5\u80fd\u5426\u4e0b\u96ea\uff09
\u2462\uff0eIf she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u5979\u4e0b\u5468\u4e00\u6765\u8fd9\u513f\u7684\u8bdd,\u6211\u5c31\u4f1a\u544a\u8bc9\u5979\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u7684\u59cb\u672b.

finish doing sth.\u636e\u6b64\u7b54\u6848A\u548cC\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002
\u4ece\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4yesterday\u662f\u5148\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0cD\u9879\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u9009B\u3002
could have finished writing....\u5e0c\u671b\u6628\u5929\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u6210\u3002

wish\u540e\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\uff0c
\u8bf4\u73b0\u5728\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\uff1b
\u8bf4\u8fc7\u53bb\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u52a0\u5b8c\u6210\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b
\u8bf4\u5c06\u6765\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528would\u3001could\u3001might\u7b49\u52a0\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
He wishes I would go with him.\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u548c\u4ed6\u4e00\u8d77\u53bb\u3002
I wish he might stay with me.\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u548c\u6211\u4f4f\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002
I wish I knew how to operate the machine.\u6211\u8981\u662f\u4f1a\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fd9\u67b6\u673a\u5668\u8be5\u6709\u591a\u597d\u554a! (I'm sorry I don't know.)
I wish he hadn't gone.\u4ed6\u8981\u662f\u6ca1\u8d70\u8be5\u591a\u597d!(I'm sorry he has gone.)

3. 虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如： If I were a girl, I would not marry such a man. 如果我是女孩子，我不会嫁给这样的男人。 I wish I had seen him yesterday. 我希望昨天见到他了。 二 . 虚拟语气的几种形式 1. 主从复合句型虚拟语气。即主句和从句表示的都是假设的情形。在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。 a. 表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。如： If I were you, I should study English. 要是我是你，我就会学英语的。 b. 表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。如： If they had been warned, they wouldn't have eaten the food. 如果有人警告他们的话，他们就不会吃那些食物了。 c. 表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果。如： If it should rain, the crops would be saved. 假如天下雨，庄稼就能得救了。 主从复合句型虚拟语气主要表现在谓语形式变化上，且配套使用。如下表所示： 2. should 型虚拟语气。 在表示命令、建议、要求（如 order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command ）等一类动词的名词性从句中，往往使用虚拟语气，由“ should+ 动词原形”构成，其中 should 可省略。 a. 在宾语从句中的应用。如： I suggest that we （ should ） hold a meeting next week. 我建议我们下个星期开个会。 He insisted that he （ should ） be sent there. 他坚持要派到那儿去。 b. 在主语从句中的应用。如： It is suggested that we （ should ） hold a meeting next week. 有人建议我们下周开个会。 It is necessary that he （ should ） come to our meeting tomorrow. 他有必要来参加我们明天的会议。 c. 在同位语从句中的应用。如： My idea is that we （ should ） get more people to attend the conference. 我觉得我们应该让更多的人来参加这次会议。 I make a proposal that we （ should ） hold a meeting next week. 我建议下周开个会。 注意： 如果 suggest, insist 不表示“建议”，“坚持要某人做某事”，而是意为“暗示；表明”，“坚持认为”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。试比较： Your pale face suggests that you are ill. 你苍白的脸色表明你生病了。 I suggested that he should go there. 我建议他去那儿。 I insisted that you were wrong. 我坚持认为你错了。 I insisted that the old man should be sent to hospital. 我坚持要求把老人送到医院去。 3. wish 型虚拟语气。 在动词 wish 后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，常用虚拟语气，从句通常省略连词 that 。此时的假设内容的时态都比现实时态退一步。 a. 表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句动词用过去式或过去进行式（ be 的过去式用 were ）。如： I wish I knew the answer to the question. 我希望我知道这个问题的答案。 b. 表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词用“ had+ 过去分词”形式。如： I wish （ that ） I hadn't wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。 c. 表示对将来的主观愿望：谓语动词形式为“ would / should / could / might + 动词原形”。如： I wish it would stop raining. 但愿雨能停止。 4. 特殊的虚拟语气结构。 a. 虚拟语气用在状语从句中。由 as if 或 as though 引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气。动词形式用动词的过去式或“ had + 过去分词”。如： The teacher treats him as if he were her own child. 这位老师待他就像她的亲生孩子一样。 He speaks as if he had been to the United States. 他说得好像他真的到过美国似的。 b. 在 It is time （ that ）…句型中从句的谓语动词常用动词过去式表示虚拟语气，意为“该干某事了”；类似的还有 I'd rather （ that ）…句型，意为“我宁愿 / 希望……”。如： It is time that we did something to stop pollution. 该是我们做些什么制止污染的时候了。 It is time that we did our homework. 我们该做功课了。 I'd rather I knew the answer. 我真希望我知道答案。 I'd rather I didn't see you again. 我宁愿没有见到你。

在表示一种纯然假想的情况或主观愿望是，动词需用一种特殊形式，称为虚拟语气。虚拟语气在形式上大致分为三类：1）现在虚拟语气——主要用动词原形： God bless you.愿上帝保佑你。 It is essential that the ban be lifted.解除禁令至关重要。 She petitioned the king that her father be pardoned.她恳求国王赦免她的父亲。2）过去虚拟语气——和陈述语气的过去式相同，但动词be要用were形式： Imagine your child played truant.设想你的孩子逃学。 She treated me as though I were(was) a stranger.她待我如同陌生人。 If only I were not so nervous.我要是不那么紧张就好了。3）过去完成形式——和陈述语气中的过去完成时相同： I wish I hadn't done so.但愿我没这样做。 If I had seen her,I would have told her.如果我见到她，我就会告诉她了。 If only I had listened to your advice.我要是听了你的劝告就好了。 包含条件从句的句子都是条件句，有些条件句是可以实现的，如：If I have time I'll come over to see you.如果我有时间我就来看你。If we leave now,we can still catch the train.如果我们现在动身，还可能赶上火车。 这种条件句被称为真实条件句，另有一些条件句表示纯然假想的情况，被称为虚拟条件句，在这类条件句中谓语动词就需要用虚拟语气：If I had enough money ,I would buy a computer.如果我有足够的钱，我将买一台电脑。（但我没有）If you had arrived a little earlier,you would have seen her.你要是早来一会儿就见到她了。

能简单又能概括全部又能让你理解不是最好的吗，你说呢关于虚拟语气，简单的说原则就是在目前时态的基础上再往前推一个时态。现在变过去，过去变过去的过去（过去的过去也就只能是过去完成了）。一般现在变成一般过去；一般过去变过去完成；现在进行变过去进行，过去进行也变过去完成；现在完成变过去完成，过去完成还是过去完成；现在将来变过去将来，过去将来还是变过去完成。但是想多说一句，我自己的亲身经历感觉到外国人其实根本不是那么的遵守着虚拟语气的这些语法。中国的应试教育的无奈。。。

澶у濂,璋佽兘鐭ラ亾楂樹腑鑻辫鐨勮櫄鎷熻姘鍒板簳鏈夊嚑绉嶅晩?楹荤儲鍚勪綅鍛婅瘔鎴戝惂...
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鑻辫铏氭嫙璇皵
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绛旓細c. 琛ㄧず瀵灏嗘潵鐨勫亣鎯冲彞鍨: 鏉′欢浠庡彞 涓诲彞涓鑸繃鍘绘椂 should+ 鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰were+ 涓嶅畾寮 would + 鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰should+ 鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰3.娣峰悎鏉′欢鍙ヤ富鍙ヤ笌浠庡彞鐨勫姩浣滃彂鐢熷湪涓嶅悓鐨勬椂闂,杩欐椂涓,浠庡彞璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐨铏氭嫙璇皵褰㈠紡鍥犳椂闂翠笉鍚岃屼笉鍚,杩欏彨鍋氭贩鍚堟潯浠跺彞銆4.铏氭嫙鏉′欢鍙ョ殑鍊掕铏氭嫙鏉′欢鍙ョ殑浠庡彞閮ㄥ垎濡傛灉鍚湁were, should, 鎴杊ad,...

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楂樹竴鑻辫
绛旓細杩欏彞鐨勬剰鎬濇槸浠栦滑鏈瀹屾垚杩欎釜宸ヤ綔鐨勶紝浣嗕粬浠病鏈夈俿hould have done琛ㄧず鏈鎬庢牱锛岃屽疄闄呬笂娌℃湁銆傝岃〃杈剧殑鏄繃鍘荤殑鐘舵侊紝鍥犳閫塀

扩展阅读：虚拟语气三种基本句型 ... 五个要求英语虚拟语气 ... if only引导虚拟语气 ... if i were you虚拟语气 ... 一张图看懂虚拟语气 ... it is adj that虚拟语气 ... would rather虚拟语气 ... 高考英语虚拟语气 ... if would 虚拟语气 ...