非谓语动词各种语态时态区别 非谓语动词各种语态时态区别
\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e2d\u6709\u65f6\u6001\u8bed\u6001\u8bed\u6c14\u5417\uff1f\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u6001\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6709\u65f6\u6001\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u8868\u793a\u65f6\u6001\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e3b\u8bed\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001\u8bb2\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u65f6\u6001\u3002
\u6709\u4e3b\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6001\u3002
\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u53c2\u8003\u5982\u4e0b:
\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u5305\u542b\u56db\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u3001\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u548c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u3002
1.\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f
\u2460\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1ato do\uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u822c\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\uff09
\u2461\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1ato be done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u822c\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\uff09
\u2462\u8fdb\u884c\u5f0f\uff1ato be doing \uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\uff09
\u2463\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff1ato have done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\uff09
\u2464\u5b8c\u6210\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1ato have been done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\uff09
\u2465\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u5f0f\uff1ato have been doing \uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\uff09
The teacher told us to do morning exercises.\u8001\u5e08\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u65e9\u64cd\u3002
The car to be bought is for his sister.\u8981\u4e70\u7684\u8fd9\u8f86\u8f66\u662f\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u59d0\u59d0\u7684\u3002
She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.\u8001\u5e08\u8fdb\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u5979\u5047\u88c5\u6b63\u5728\u8bfb\u4e66\u3002
The thief is said to have escaped.\u636e\u8bf4\u5c0f\u5077\u5df2\u7ecf\u9003\u8dd1\u4e86\u3002
The thief is said to have been arrested.\u636e\u8bf4\u5c0f\u5077\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6293\u4f4f\u4e86\u3002
She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.\u636e\u8bf4\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u768420\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u5979\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u8fd9\u5bb6\u5de5\u5382\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
2. \u52a8\u540d\u8bcd
\u2460\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1adoing \uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\uff09 Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.\u5728\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u5728\u592a\u7a7a\u65c5\u884c\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u666e\u904d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002
\u2461\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1abeing done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\uff09 Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans.Freddy\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e50\u961f\u5230\u54ea\u91cc\u90fd\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7c89\u4e1d\u8ddf\u7740\u3002
\u2462\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\uff1ahaving done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\uff09I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u505a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4ef6\u8fdd\u80cc\u4f60\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002
\u2463\u5b8c\u6210\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1ahaving been done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\uff09
Many customers complain of having been given short weight at that shop.\u5f88\u591a\u987e\u5ba2\u62b1\u6028\u5728\u90a3\u5bb6\u5546\u5e97\u88ab\u7f3a\u65a4\u5c11\u4e24\u8fc7\u3002
3. \u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd
\u2460\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1adoing \uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\uff09
He sat there\uff0creading a newspaper.\u4ed6\u5750\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u8bfb\u7740\u4e00\u5f20\u62a5\u7eb8\u3002
\u2461\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1abeing done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\uff09The area being studied may be rich in coal.\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bcc\u542b\u7164\u3002
\u2462\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\uff1ahaving done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\uff09Having finished my homework\uff0cI began to watch TV.\u5b8c\u6210\u4f5c\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u770b\u7535\u89c6\u3002
\u2463\u5b8c\u6210\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1ahaving been done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\uff09
Having been told many times\uff0cshe still can't remember it.\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u544a\u8bc9\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u5979\u4ecd\u7136\u8bb0\u4e0d\u4f4f\u3002
4. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff1adone
\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u6216\u5b8c\u6210\uff1b\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u6216\u5b8c\u6210\u3002
polluted river \u88ab\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u6cb3\u6d41\uff1bfallen leaves \u843d\u53f6
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u80fd\u8868\u793a\u65f6\u6001\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5373\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u5728\u548c\u8fc7\u53bb\u7b49\u65f6\u6001\u3002
\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u884c\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u4f5c\u6765\u8bf4\u7684\u3002\u548c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u884c\uff1b\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\uff1b\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u8868\u793a\u5b8c\u6210\u3002
to
have
been
done
\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u88ab\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8868\u76ee\u7684\u6216\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab...
being
done
\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8868\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u6b63\u5728\u88ab...
having
been
done
\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u88ab\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8868\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab...
done
\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff0c\u8868\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u88ab\u52a8\u6216\u5b8c\u6210
\u6709\u9898\u8bb2\u8d77\u6765\u4f1a\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u70b9
动名词 主动形式 被动形式
一般式 Doing / being+表语 Being done
完成式 Having done Having been done
动词不定式 主动形式 被动形式
一般式 to do/to be +表语 to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
进行式 to be doing /
完成进行式 to have been doing /
现在分词 主动形式 被动形式（不及物动词没有被动）
一般式 Doing（being+表语） Being done
完成式 Having done Having been done
to have been done 是不定式完成式的被动语态
being done 是现在分词一般式的被动形式
having been done 现在分词完成式的被动形式
done,一般表过去分词
讲区别太抽象了，要明白这些形式的具体用法就明白了
to have been done 动词不定式的完成被动形式，表目的或计划，强调已经被...
being done 现在分词的被动形式，表状态，强调正在被...
having been done 现在分词的完成被动形式，表状态，强调已经被...
done 过去分词，表状态，强调被动或完成
有题讲起来会更具体点
绛旓細涓.闈炶皳璇姩璇鐨勬椂鎬/璇鐨勫舰寮 闈炶皳璇姩璇嶇殑涓夌鍩烘湰褰㈠紡锛氫笉瀹氬紡锛寁-ing锛寁-ed銆傦紙瑙佷笅琛ㄤ腑鍔犲簳绾规墍绀猴級銆傝繖涓夌褰㈠紡鍏跺疄鏄竴鑸椂鎬/涓诲姩璇侊紝鐜板湪鎴戜滑鎶婂畠浠墿灞曞埌鍚勭鏃舵/璇佸舰寮忋1.闈炶皳璇姩璇嶇殑鏃舵/璇佸舰寮忔昏〃銆傚涓嬶紝2.濡備綍璁板繂鈥滈潪璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬/璇佸舰寮忔昏〃鈥濓紵鎸夌収鈥滀粠璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝杞崲...
绛旓細闈炶皳璇姩璇鐨勪笁绉嶅舰寮忓強鐢ㄦ硶濡備笅锛1銆佷笉瀹氬紡to do锛氬皢鏉ヨ鍔紙涓嶅畾寮忎富鍔ㄤ唬鏇胯鍔紝琛ㄧず鍗冲皢瑕佸仛鐨勪簨锛夈2銆佺幇鍦ㄥ垎璇峝oing锛氭鍦ㄤ富鍔紙琛ㄧず鍔ㄤ綔姝ｅ湪杩涜锛屼富鍔璇锛夈3銆佽繃鍘诲垎璇峝one锛氬畬鎴愯鍔紙琛ㄧず鍔ㄤ綔宸茬粡瀹屾垚缁撴潫锛岃鍔ㄨ鎬侊級銆傜敤娉曪細1銆乺egret to do瀵硅鍋氱殑浜嬮仐鎲撅紙鏈仛锛夛紱regret doing瀵瑰仛杩囩殑...
绛旓細(1)闈炶皳璇姩璇鍙互鏈夊悕璇嶄綔鐢(濡傚姩璇嶄笉瀹氬紡鍜屽姩鍚嶈瘝),鍦ㄥ彞涓仛涓昏銆佸璇佽〃璇 (2)闈炶皳璇姩璇嶅彲浠ユ湁褰㈠璇嶄綔鐢(濡傚姩璇嶄笉瀹氬紡鍜屽垎璇),鍦ㄥ彞涓仛瀹氳銆佽〃璇垨瀹捐琛ヨ冻璇 (3)闈炶皳璇姩璇嶅彲浠ユ湁鍓瘝浣滅敤(濡傚姩璇嶄笉瀹氬紡鍜屽垎璇),鍦ㄥ彞涓綔鐘惰銆 (浜)闈炶皳璇姩璇嶇殑鍙ユ硶鍔熻兘: 浜屻侀潪璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐢ㄦ硶: (涓)鍔ㄨ瘝涓嶅畾寮...
绛旓細2銆佸姩鍚嶈瘝锛歏ing锛屽姩鍚嶈瘝鏃㈠叿鏈鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勪竴浜涚壒寰侊紝鍙堝叿鏈夊悕璇嶇殑鍙ユ硶鍔熻兘銆3銆佺幇鍦ㄥ垎璇嶏細-ing褰㈠紡锛岀幇鍦ㄥ垎璇嶆棦鍏锋湁鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勪竴浜涚壒寰侊紝鍙堝叿鏈夊舰瀹硅瘝鍜屽壇璇嶇殑鍙ユ硶鍔熻兘銆4銆佽繃鍘诲垎璇嶏細瑙勫垯鍔ㄨ瘝鐢卞姩璇嶅師褰㈠姞璇嶅熬-ed鏋勬垚銆備笁绉嶅舰寮忕殑閫夋嫨鍜鍖哄垎 1銆佺幇鍦ㄥ垎璇嶇敤鏉ヨ〃绀虹幇鍦ㄨ繘琛岀殑鍔ㄤ綔锛屼富鍔璇 2銆佽繃鍘诲垎璇嶈〃绀哄凡缁忓畬鎴...
绛旓細4銆佽繃鍘诲垎璇嶏細瑙勫垯鍔ㄨ瘝鐢卞姩璇嶅師褰㈠姞璇嶅熬-ed鏋勬垚銆備笁绉嶅舰寮忕殑閫夋嫨鍜鍖哄垎 1銆佺幇鍦ㄥ垎璇嶇敤鏉ヨ〃绀虹幇鍦ㄨ繘琛岀殑鍔ㄤ綔锛屼富鍔璇銆2銆佽繃鍘诲垎璇嶈〃绀哄凡缁忓畬鎴愮殑鍔ㄤ綔鎴栬鍋氱殑浜嬶紝琚姩璇併3銆佸姩璇嶄笉瀹氬紡琛ㄧず灏嗚鍙戠敓鐨勫姩浣溿闈炶皳璇姩璇鐨勪綔鐢 锛1銆 涓嶅畾寮忥細鍋氫富璇佸璇佽〃璇佸畾璇佺姸璇拰琛ヨ銆俆o learn a foreign...
绛旓細浠ヤ笂鍑犵褰㈠紡涓庤皳璇姩璇嶅叧绯荤殑涓嶅悓鐐 锛1锛闈炶皳璇姩璇鍙互鏈夊悕璇嶄綔鐢紙濡傚姩璇嶄笉瀹氬紡鍜屽姩鍚嶈瘝锛夛紝鍦ㄥ彞涓仛涓昏銆佸璇佽〃璇傦紙2锛夐潪璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鍙互鏈夊舰瀹硅瘝浣滅敤锛堝鍔ㄨ瘝涓嶅畾寮忓拰鍒嗚瘝锛夛紝鍦ㄥ彞涓仛瀹氳銆佽〃璇垨瀹捐琛ヨ冻璇傦紙3锛夐潪璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鍙互鏈夊壇璇嶄綔鐢紙濡傚姩璇嶄笉瀹氬紡鍜屽垎璇嶏級锛屽湪鍙ヤ腑浣滅姸璇傦紙4锛夎皳璇...
绛旓細闈炶皳璇姩璇涓昏鍖呮嫭涓嶅畾寮忋佸姩鍚嶈瘝鍜屽垎璇嶏紙鐜板湪鍒嗚瘝鍜岃繃鍘诲垎璇嶏級锛屽嵆鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勯潪璋撹褰㈠紡銆傞潪璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝涔熸槸鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勪竴绉嶏紝浠栦滑鏈夌潃鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勫叾浠栫壒鐐癸紝鍙互鍏呭綋涓昏銆佸璇佺姸璇瓑銆傞潪璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝涓庤皳璇姩璇嶆槸鐩稿鐨勬蹇点傚姩璇嶄笉瀹氬紡锛氾紙to锛+ do锛屽叿鏈夊悕璇嶃佸舰瀹硅瘝銆佸壇璇嶇殑鐗瑰緛銆傚惁瀹氬紡锛歯ot + (to) do銆1銆佷竴鑸紡...
绛旓細Having dirriven all day, we were rather tired.寮浜嗕竴澶╃殑杞︼紝鎴戜滑閮藉緢绱簡銆傗濆紑杞︿竴澶┾滈犳垚浜嗏滅疮鈥濓紝骞朵笖鈥漷ired鈥滅殑鍔ㄤ綔鍦ㄢ漝river鈥滀箣鍚庛2銆乨one鏄鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勮繃鍘诲垎璇嶅舰寮忥紝琛ㄧず琚姩瀹屾垚銆俆he building built last year has become a hotel.鍘诲勾寤洪犵殑杩欎釜澶фゼ宸茬粡鎴愪负涓涓厭搴椾簡銆"built"灏辨槸鈥...
绛旓細涓诲姩璇嶅氨鏄闈炶皳璇姩璇锛屼富鍔ㄨ瘝鏄病鏈夋椂闂存蹇电殑锛屾椂闂存蹇垫槸鐢辨椂闂村姪鍔ㄨ瘝鎵挎媴鐨勩傞潪璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝铏界劧涓嶆槸璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝锛屼絾鏄叾涔熸槸鍔ㄨ瘝锛屽彧瑕佺粨鍚堟椂闂村姪鍔ㄨ瘝灏辨垚涓鸿皳璇姩璇嶃傛椂闂村姪鍔ㄨ瘝鍜岀姸鎬佷富鍔ㄨ瘝涓殑鈥滄椂鈥濆拰鈥滄佲濈粨鍚堝氨鏄墍璋撶殑鈥鏃舵鈥濄備妇渚嬪涓嬶細I am eating.am 鏃堕棿鍔╁姩璇 eating 鐘舵佷富鍔ㄨ瘝鍙堢О涓鸿繘琛...
