地震的原因是什么 地震的成因是什么？
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\u6d77\u5578\u4e5f\u540c\u5730\u9707\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u662f\u6d77\u6d0b\u5185\u51fa\u73b0\u5de8\u5927\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u4f46\u6839\u636e\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u548c\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u8fd8\u65e0\u6cd5\u65ad\u5b9a\u6d77\u5578\u662f\u54ea\u79cd\u80fd\u91cf\u7269\u8d28\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u5bf9\u53ef\u71c3\u51b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u80fd\u91cf\u7269\u8d28\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8f83\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u6d77\u6d0b\u5e95\u90e8\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u6838\u7269\u8d28\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\u548c\u5b9e\u8bc1\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u6d77\u5578\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u91cf\u7269\u8d28\u8fd8\u96be\u4ee5\u5b9a\u8bba\u3002
\u7ed3\u8bba
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u548c\u63a8\u8bba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u6587\u732e\u548c\u6570\u636e\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5730\u9707\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5965\u79d8\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5730\u9707\u3001\u4f59\u9707\u90fd\u662f\u94c0\u77ff\u7684\u542b\u91cf\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u542b\u91cf\u9ad8\u7684\u94c0\u77ff\u4e2d\uff0c\u950e\u53ca\u950e\u7684\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u8870\u53d8\uff0c\u5c04\u51fa\u4e2d\u5b50\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u94c0\u77ff\u7684\u88c2\u53d8\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u80fd\u91cf\u4ea7\u751f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u5730\u9707\u9707\u52a8\u548c\u65e0\u6570\u6b21\u6301\u7eed\u88c2\u53d8\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4f59\u9707\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u76c6\u5730\u3001\u51b2\u51fb\u5e73\u539f\u5bf9\u6210\u7164\u6210\u77ff\u3001\u5730\u8d28\u707e\u5bb3\u8d77\u4e86\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u53ca\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u4e0e\u94c0\u77ff\u540c\u5b58\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee5\u5f80\u5f88\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u77ff\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5730\u9707\u7684\u51cf\u6d88\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4e3a\u51cf\u514d\u5927\u5730\u9707\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u518d\u4e3a\u5730\u9707\u6240\u56f0\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u75c5\u56e0\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9020\u798f\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5730\u7403\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u53f2\u65e0\u524d\u4f8b\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u3002
\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e
1. \u76c6\u5730\u3001\u51b2\u79ef\u5e73\u539f\u5bf9\u6210\u7164\u3001\u6210\u77ff\u3001\u5730\u8d28\u707e\u5bb3\u8d77\u4e86\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528 \u90ed\u5fb7\u80dc - \u300a\u79d1\u6280\u89c6\u754c\u300b, 2016 (26) :304-305
2. \u5929\u7136\u6c14\u3001\u7164\u3001\u94c0\u5171\u5b58\u5173\u7cfb\u521d\u63a2\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u9102\u5c14\u591a\u65af\u76c6\u5730\u4e1c\u80dc\u5730\u533a\u4e3a\u4f8b \u67f3\u76ca\u7fa4 \u97e9\u4f5c\u632f \u51af\u4e54 \u90a2\u79c0\u5a1f \u6a0a\u7231\u840d \u6768\u4ec1\u8d85 \u5168\u56fd\u6c89\u79ef\u5b66\u5927\u4f1a, 2005
3. \u591a\u79cd\u80fd\u6e90\u77ff\u4ea7\u540c\u76c6\u5171\u5b58\u5bcc\u96c6\u6210\u77ff\uff08\u85cf\uff09\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0e\u534f\u540c\u52d8\u63a2\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u9102\u5c14\u591a\u65af\u76c6\u5730\u4e3a\u4f8b \u738b\u6bc5\uff0c \u6768\u4f1f\u5229\uff0c \u9093\u519b\uff0c \u5434\u67cf\u6797\uff0c \u674e\u5b50\u9896\uff0c\u5730\u8d28\u5b66\u62a5\u300b, 2014 , 88 (5) :815-824
4. \u9102\u5c14\u591a\u65af\u76c6\u5730\u591a\u79cd\u80fd\u6e90\u77ff\u4ea7\u5171\u5b58\u5bcc\u96c6\u7ec4\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\u7814\u7a76 \u674e\u6c5f\u6d9b\u300a\u5c71\u4e1c\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u300b , 2005
5. \u67f4\u8fbe\u6728\u76c6\u5730\u5317\u7f18\u6cb9\u2014\u6c14\u2014\u7164\u2014\u94c0\u5171\u5b58\u53ca\u5176\u5730\u8d28\u610f\u4e49 \u738b\u4e39\u300a\u897f\u5317\u5927\u5b66\u300b , 2015
6. \u5173\u4e8e\u94c0_\u949a\u548c\u94c0\u6838\u88c2\u53d8\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u95ee\u9898_\u517c\u8c082011\u5e74\u798f\u5c9b\u6838\u4e8b\u6545\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u7269\u8d28 \u66fe\u94c1\u300a\u804c\u5927\u5b66\u62a5\u300b, 2013 (4) :75-80
7. 248 Cm\u548c252Cf\u81ea\u53d1\u88c2\u53d8\u77ac\u53d1\u4e2d\u5b50\u8c31\u6d4b\u91cf \u5305\u5c1a\u8054\uff0c \u5218\u6587\u9f99\uff0c \u6e29\u741b\u6797\uff0c \u6a0a\u94c1\u6813\uff0c \u5df4\u767b\u67ef\u592b\uff0c\u300a\u9ad8\u80fd\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u6838\u7269\u7406\u300b, 2001 , 25 (4) :304-308
8. \u8fd1\u4f3c\u6a21\u62df\u5730\u4e0b\u6838\u7206\u70b8\u51b2\u51fb\u9707\u52a8\u6548\u5e94\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u63a2\u8ba8 \u859b\u5b87\u9f99 \uff0c \u5510\u5fb7\u9ad8 \uff0c \u4e48\u6885\u5229 - \u300a\u7206\u7834\u300b - 2013
9. \u6d45\u8c08\u6838\u7535\u7ad9\u7528\u950e-252\u4e2d\u5b50\u6e90 \u6e29\u56fd\u4e49 - \u300a\u79d1\u6280\u4e0e\u521b\u65b0\u300b - 2017
10. \u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e34\u754c\u53ca\u6b21\u4e34\u754c\u8fd0\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u6db2\u6001\u91d1\u5c5e\u51b7\u5374\u53cd\u5e94\u5806\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7cfb\u7edf \u67cf\u4e91\u6e05\uff0c \u5434\u5b9c\u707f\uff0c \u5b8b\u52c7\u6765
11. \u67d0\u4e9b\u5355\u9178\u6709\u673a\u78f7\u9178\u916f\u8403\u53d6Cf\u548cCm \u5c45\u5d07\u534e\uff0c \u6c6a\u745e\u73cd\uff0c \u6a0a\u829d\u8349\u300a\u6838\u5316\u5b66\u4e0e\u653e\u5c04\u5316\u5b66\u300b 1982 , 4 (3) :186-186
12.\u4e0d\u540c\u7ea7\u949a\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8870\u53d8\u653e\u70ed\u529f\u7387\u8ba1\u7b97\u5206\u6790 \u5de6\u5e94\u7ea2\uff0c \u6731\u91d1\u8f89\u300a\u6838\u6280\u672f\u300b 2016 (1) :39-44
13. \u5370\u5ea6\u7528\u4e8e\u627e\u94c0\u7684\u6c21\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5 A.S.\u5e03\u54c8\u7279\u90a3\u683c\u300a\u94c0\u77ff\u5730\u8d28\u300b, 1973 (6) :45-47
14. \u7528\u542b\u6c21\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\u6765\u9884\u62a5\u5730\u9707\u5434\u8fea\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u79d1\u5b66\u300b, 1984 (7) :64-65
15. 90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u6838\u7206\u70b8\u5730\u9707\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55 \u5434\u5fe0\u826f\uff0c \u725f\u5176\u94ce\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u9707\u8bd1\u4e1b\u300b, 1994 (4) :1-7
16.\u6c76\u5ddd8.0\u7ea7\u5730\u9707\u6c21\u89c2\u6d4b\u503c\u9707\u540e\u6548\u5e94\u7279\u5f81\u521d\u6b65\u5206\u6790 \u5218\u8000\u709c\uff0c \u4efb\u5b8f\u5fae\u300a\u5730\u9707\u300b, 2009 , 29 (1) :121-131
17. \u5730\u4e0b\u6838\u7206\u70b8\u6d88\u706d\u5927\u5730\u9707 \u7530\u6b66\u300a\u5927\u79d1\u6280\u300b, 2000 (6) :31-31
18. 3MeV\u4e2d\u5b50\u8bf1\u53d1\u88c2\u53d8\u6d4b\u5b9a\u94c0\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u4e30\u5ea6 \u4e54\u4e9a\u534e,\u5434\u7ee7\u5b97,\u6768\u6bc5,\u5218\u4e16\u9f99\u300a\u539f\u5b50\u80fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u300b, 2012 , 46 (7) :878-880
19. \u5929\u7136\u53cd\u5e94\u5806\u4e0e\u6838\u71c3\u6599 \u674e\u76c8\u5b89\u300a\u534e\u4e1c\u5730\u8d28\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\u300b1940\u5e7410\u671f
20. \u5965\u514b\u6d1b\u73b0\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u5929\u7136\u6838\u53cd\u5e94\u5806 \u5df4\u4f8d\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u6838\u5730\u8d28\u79d1\u5b66\u300b, 1982 (5)
21. \u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u6838\u53cd\u5e94\u5806 \u5218\u94c1\u5e9a\u300a\u5730\u7403\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u300b 1976 (4) :34
22. \u5929\u7136\u88c2\u53d8\u53cd\u5e94\u5806\u2014\u2014\u5965\u514b\u6d1b\u73b0\u8c61 \u70e8\u82d3\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u79d1\u5b66\u300b, 1990 (4) :20-22
23. 90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u6838\u7206\u70b8\u5730\u9707\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55 \u5434\u5fe0\u826f\uff0c \u725f\u5176\u94ce\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u5730\u9707\u8bd1\u4e1b\u300b, 1994 (4) :1-7
24. \u950e\u6e90\u4e2d\u950e\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u4f53\u7684\u6d4b\u5b9a \u4e54\u76db\u5fe0\uff0c \u5218\u4ea8\u519b \u300a\u539f\u5b50\u80fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u300b, 1983 , 17 (1) :18-18
25. \u9f99\u95e8\u5c71\u65ad\u88c2\u5e26\u9707\u540e\u5730\u7403\u5316\u5b66\u7279\u5f81 \u738b\u8fd0\u751f \u5f90\u9e3f\u5f6a \u9b4f\u9e4f \u9a6c\u5b8f\u5b87 \u738b\u798f\u6d77 \u96f7\u6e05\u96c4 \u8d3a\u5efa\u5148
26. ~(252)Cf\u81ea\u53d1\u88c2\u53d8\u6e90\u88c2\u53d8\u788e\u7247\u8870\u53d8\u8c31\u5b66\u7814\u7a76 \u6c88\u6c34\u6cd5\uff0c \u7530\u6d77\u6ee8\uff0c \u5468\u5efa\u4e2d\uff0c \u77f3\u53cc\u60e0\uff0c \u987e\u5609\u8f89\u4f1a\u5458\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a, 2004
27. 44.0 44.1 44.2 44.3 44.4 ANL contributors. Human Health Fact Sheet: Californium (PDF). Argonne National Laboratory. August 2005.
28. ^ Emsley, John. Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements New. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 2011. ISBN 978-0-19-960563-7.
29. 252Cf\u5feb\u88c2\u53d8\u5ba4\u7814\u5236 \u674e\u5efa\u80dc\uff0c \u5f20\u7ffc\uff0c \u91d1\u5b87\uff0c \u674e\u6da6\u826f\u300a\u6838\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u4e0e\u63a2\u6d4b\u6280\u672f\u300b, 2001 , 21 (4) :264-267
30. \u4f5b\u7f57\u91cc\u8fbe\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66:\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u950e\u7684\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0 \u65b0\u578b \u300a\u5316\u5de5\u65b0\u578b\u6750\u6599\u300b, 2015 (5) :266-266
31. \u950e\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u50a8\u5b58\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u5e9f\u6599 \u8463\u4e3d\u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u6750\u6599\u52a8\u6001\u300b, 2014 (12) :3-3
32. CALIFORNIUM ISOTOPES FROM BOMBARDMENT OF URANIUM WITH CARBONIONS A Ghiorso\uff0c SG Thompson\uff0c J K. Street\uff0c GT Seaborg \u300aOffice of Scientific & Technical Information T..., 1950 , 81 (1) :154-154
33. \u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u94c0\u77ff\u8d44\u6e90\u8003\u5bdf \u91d1\u82e5\u65f6\uff0c \u82cf\u6c38\u519b \u300a\u5730\u8d28\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u300b, 2013 (4) :276-280
34. \u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u5408\u91d1\u5728\u7ebf\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93 \u950e
35.Alpha-decay properties of 247Cf, 248Cf, 252Fm and 254Fm Elsevier \u300aNuclear Physics\u300b, 2016 , 413 (3) :423-431
36. \u65b0\u7586\u4e5d\u4e2a\u8910\u7164\u77ff\u8f90\u5c04\u6c34\u5e73\u8c03\u67e5\u5218\u798f\u4e1c\uff0c \u76db\u660e\u4f1f\uff0c \u5f20\u5fd7\u4f1f\uff0c \u5218\u8273\u9633\uff0c \u9648\u51cc\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u539f\u5b50\u80fd\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u5e74\u62a5\u300b, 2010 (1) :321-322
37. \u6838\u805a\u53d8\u539f\u7406 \u6731\u58eb\u5c27 \u5317\u4eac:\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5927\u51fa\u7248\u793e1992,(5)
38. \u5916\u5730\u6838\u4e2dU\u3001Th\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u3001\u6838\u88c2\u53d8\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u5f71\u54cd \u9c8d\u5b66\u662d \u300a\u5730\u8d28\u8bba\u8bc4\u300b1999\u5e74S1\u671f
39. \u5730\u7403\u5185\u90e8\u751f\u6210~3H\u7684\u8bc1\u636e \u848b\u5d27\u751f \u4f55\u660e \u4e2d\u56fd\u539f\u5b50\u80fd\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6838\u7269\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e2d\u56fd\u539f\u5b50\u80fd\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6838\u7269\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u6240 \u5317\u4eac
40 \uff0c\u6c22\u5f39\u5982\u4f55\u7206\u70b8 \u5f6d\u5148\u89c9 \u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u7269\u7406\u77e5\u8bc6\u300b 1989\u5e7404\u671f
地震形成的原因分为构造地震、火山地震和陷落地震三种。其中，构造地震是由于岩层断裂，发生变位错动，在地质构造上发生巨大变化而产生的地震，所以叫做构造地震，也叫断裂地震。
火山地震是由火山爆发时所引起的能量冲击，而产生的地壳振动。火山地震有时也相当强烈。但这种地震所波及的地区通常只限于火山附近的几十公里远的范围内，而且发生次数也较少，只占地震次数的7%左右，所造成的危害较轻。
陷落地震由于地层陷落引起的地震。这种地震发生的次数更少，只占地震总次数的3%左右，震级很小，影响范围有限，破坏也较小。
中国地质调查局初步监测和评价认定，汶川地震是印度板块向亚洲板块俯冲，造成青藏高原快速隆升导致的，震源深度为10千米—20千米，持续时间较长，因此破坏性巨大。 15日以来，中国地质调查局召开汶川地震及其诱发的次生地质灾害情况分析会，中国国土资源航空物探遥感中心、中国地质环境监测院、中国地质科学院，中国地质科学院地质所、地质力学所等单位专家根据调查监测和评价研究结果，对灾情进行“会诊”初步形成三个结论。 一是印度板块向亚洲板块俯冲，造成青藏高原快速隆升。高原物质向东缓慢流动，在高原东缘沿龙门山构造带向东挤压，遇到四川盆地之下刚性地块的顽强阻挡，造成构造应力能量的长期积累，最终在龙门山北川——映秀地区突然释放。 二是逆冲、右旋、挤压型断层地震。发震构造是龙门山构造带中央断裂带，在挤压应力作用下，由南西向北东逆冲运动；这次地震属于单向破裂地震，由南西向北东迁移，致使余震向北东方向扩张；挤压型逆冲断层地震在主震之后，应力传播和释放过程比较缓慢，可能导致余震强度较大，持续时间较长。 三是浅源地震。汶川地震不属于深板块边界的效应，发生在地壳脆——韧性转换带，震源深度为10千米——20千米，因此破坏性巨大。
地震，又称地动、地振动，是地壳快速释放能量过程中造成的振动，期间会产生地震波的一种自然现象。
地震的构成：
地震开始发生的地点称为震源，震源正上方的地面称为震中。破坏性地震的地面振动最烈处称为极震区，极震区往往也就是震中所在的地区。
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