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包拯以廉洁公正、不攀附权贵著称，包拯包拯故民间称其包青天及包公，就任开封府尹期间，得到“四大名捕”（京剧脸谱王朝、马汉、张龙、赵虎）与有“御猫”之誉的御前四品带刀护卫之南侠展昭协助，办案既明查又暗访，执法既严谨又不失人情，令正义得以顺利伸张之余亦导人向善。因为开审考上状元成为驸马爷的陈世美不认妻一案前，其妻子秦香莲向王丞相拦路喊冤（而不是向包青天拦路，但现在借用拦路喊冤来引申有冤无路诉，迫于无奈出此下策之义）。
开封府公堂门前右边前有一鼓，逄有重大冤情之时，不论大小人物一经击鼓鸣冤，包青天定必升堂开审，喊冤者可直接向包大人陈述冤情；而传说包拯审案不分昼夜：日审阳间，夜审阴间；并流传多个审案故事传颂后世，著名的有《铡美案》、《狸猫换太子》、《乌盆记》、《铡包勉》等。另古典小说《三侠五义》亦以其为主人公。因其大公无私，拥有一副铁面如墨的脸孔以镇慑佞臣，额上挂有一弯苍白明月，故亦有“包黑子”称号，坊间传说中包拯死后成了神明“马国公”，故现在称的“马国公”就是包公本人。
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