一道高一的化学题
\u4e00\u9053\u9ad8\u4e00\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u9898\u9996\u5148\u52a0\u7684\u662f\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u6c89\u6dc0\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u56db\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u6bcf\u79cd\u79bb\u5b50\u90fd\u4f1a\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u6c89\u6dc0
A\uff0c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u84dd\u8272\u7d6e\u72b6\u6c89\u6dc0
B\uff0c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94c1\u7ea2\u8910\u8272\u7d6e\u72b6\u6c89\u6dc0
C\uff0c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0
D\uff0c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9541\u767d\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0
\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u5165\u94c1\u7c89\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u6709\u8d28\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6eb6\u6db2\u80fd\u548c\u94c1\u7c89\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u5e94
\u90a3\u4e48C\u548cD\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e86\uff0c\u94dd\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u9541\u79bb\u5b50\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u548c\u94c1\u5355\u8d28\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4fe9\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u8981\u6bd4\u94c1\u5f3a
-------------------------------------------------
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u5355\u8d28\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u8981\u6bd4\u88ab\u7f6e\u6362\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u5f3a\u624d\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u94dd\u548c\u9541\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u8981\u6bd4\u94c1\u5f3a\uff0c\u5728\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u987a\u5e8f\u8868\u91cc\u9762\u6392\u5728\u94c1\u7684\u524d\u9762
\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u987a\u5e8f\u8868\uff08\u94be\u9499\u94a0\u9541\u94dd\u950c\u94c1\u9521\u94c5\u6c22\u94dc\u6c5e\u94f6\u94c2\u91d1\uff09\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u4f9d\u6b21\u51cf\u5f31
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u6709A\u6216B\u4e86
A\uff0c\u94dc\u79bb\u5b50\u662f\u4f1a\u548c\u94c1\u5355\u8d28\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5355\u8d28\u94dc\u548c\u4e9a\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u94dc\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u5355\u8d28\u94c1\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf1:1\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u94dc\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u539f\u5b50\u91cf\uff0864\uff09\u6bd4\u94c1\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u539f\u5b50\u91cf\uff0856\uff09\u5927\uff0c\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf456\u514b\u7684\u94c1\u80fd\u591f\u7f6e\u6362\u51fa64\u514b\u7684\u94dc\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u94c1\u5355\u8d28\u548c\u94dc\u79bb\u5b50\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u8d28\u91cf\u662f\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5A\u662f\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684
\u90a3\u4e48\u7b54\u6848\u5c31\u662fB\u4e86
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fB\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u4e09\u4ef7\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e9a\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\uff08\u4e8c\u4ef7\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\uff09\uff0c\u4e9a\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u548c\u5355\u8d28\u94c1\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e09\u4ef7\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\u662f\u4f1a\u548c\u5355\u8d28\u94c1\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u4e9a\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\uff0c\u4e09\u4ef7\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u6027
Fe+2Fe3+=3Fe2+
\u8fd9\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u94c1\u5355\u8d28\u6eb6\u89e3\u5230\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u53bb\u4e86\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u4f53\u6790\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5c31\u589e\u52a0\u4e86
\u5728\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\uff0c\u94c1\u662f\u4ee5\u4e9a\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u59ff\u6001\u51fa\u73b0\u7684
\u800c\u4e09\u4ef7\u94c1\u79bb\u5b50\u5bf9\u4e8e\u94c1\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u7f6e\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5355\u72ec\u5b58\u5728
\u8f9b\u8f9b\u82e6\u82e6\u6253\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u5b57\u4e4b\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u8fde\u5730\u677f\u90fd\u6ca1\u5750\u4e0a
\u4e0b\u6b21\u5148\u62a2\u6c99\u53d1\u518d\u56de\u7b54
\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u4eceA\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aA\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u5f3a\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u5f3a\u78b1\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7269\u8d28\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4Al(OH)3\uff0cAl\uff0c\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9898\u76ee\u4e2d\u662f\uff08NH4\uff092S\uff0c
\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u8fde\u7eed\u6c27\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5c31\u662fH2S---S---SO2---SO3
NH3---N2---NO ---NO2---HNO3,Na---Na2O---Na2O2,C ---CO ---CO2
\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e0\u673a\u8981\u662f\u8003\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u786b\u548c\u6c2e\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a\uff0c
\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9898\u76eeA\u662f\uff08NH4\uff092S
\u5f53X\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u65f6\uff0cB\u662fH2S\u3001C\u662fS\u3001D\u662fSO2\u3001E\u662fSO3\u3001F\u662fH2SO4
\u5f53X\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u65f6\uff0cB\u662fNH3\u3001C\u662fN2 \u3001D\u662fNO\u3001E\u662fNO2\u3001F\u662fHNO3
\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u662f8NH3+3Cl2===N2 +6NH4Cl
选B
A HSO3-<=>H++SO32- 又能水解,所以H+不可以是NA
B n=m/M 因为这它们m,M同,所以n同,在同温同压下,V一定同。
C C2H4O2 它可以是乙酸,也可能是甲酸甲酯,所以C-H不一定是3NA
D 铁过量,生成Fe2+, 应为2NA
答案选B
A中水还会电离出氢离子
C中物质不一定是醋酸,所以碳氢键不一定是3Na
D中应该是2Na,过量铁生成亚铁离子
选择 C
绛旓細2锛夋皑姘寸殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺娴撳害=2/0.1=20mol/L
绛旓細閫塀 A HSO3-<=>H++SO32- 鍙堣兘姘磋В锛屾墍浠+涓嶅彲浠ユ槸NA B n=m/M 鍥犱负杩欏畠浠琺,M鍚岋紝鎵浠鍚岋紝鍦ㄥ悓娓╁悓鍘嬩笅锛孷涓瀹氬悓銆侰 C2H4O2 瀹冨彲浠ユ槸涔欓吀锛屼篃鍙兘鏄敳閰哥敳閰紝鎵浠-H涓嶄竴瀹氭槸3NA D 閾佽繃閲忥紝鐢熸垚Fe2+, 搴斾负2NA
绛旓細瑙f瀽: 璁捐捀鍙戞祿缂╁悗婧舵恫涓憾璐ㄧ墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴︿负x,鏍规嵁钂稿彂鍓嶅悗婧惰川璐ㄩ噺涓嶅彉,鍒(0.08 L脳x脳56 g•mol-128%+100 g)脳14%=0.08 L脳x脳56 g•mol-1,x=6.25 mol•L-1銆 绛旀: B 楂樹竴蹇呬慨涓鍖栧瀹為獙缁忓吀棰樼洰瑙f瀽(浜) 16.(8鍒)(1)姘磋祫婧愰潪甯搁噸瑕,鑱斿悎鍥界‘瀹2003骞翠负鍥介檯娣℃按骞淬備笅鍒楀叧浜庢按鐨勮娉...
绛旓細锛1锛塩 = w * 蟻 / M n(NH3) = 560L/22.4L/mol = 25mol m(NH3) = 25mol * 17g/mol = 425g w(NH3) = 425g / (425g + 1000g) * 100% = 29.8 c = 29.8% * 0.9g/mL / 17g/mol = 15.8g/mol (2) 棰樼洰鍓嶆彁搴旇璇村湪鏍囧喌涓嬶紝鎵嶈兘绠楁皵浣撲綋绉俶(CO2) = 20g ...
绛旓細绗竴棰 鏍囧喌涓嬶紝涓鎽╁皵浠讳綍姘斾綋鐨勪綋绉兘鍙互鐪嬪仛22.4鍗囷紝鎵浠 700鍗囨皑姘旀鏃剁殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺涓700/22.4=31.25mol 姘ㄦ按鐨勮川閲忓垎鏁=姘ㄦ皵鐨勮川閲/姘ㄦ按鐨勮川閲*100%=(31.25mol*17g/mol)/(31.25mol*17g/mol+1000g)=35 姘ㄦ按璐ㄩ噺涓1531.25g/姘ㄦ按鐨勫瘑搴0.85g/cm3=1802cm3锛屽嵆绾1.8鍗 绗簩棰 2....
绛旓細4:鍔犲叆<CuSO4>8鍏嬪悗婧舵恫鍛堢⒈鎬у彲鐭ワ紝<CuSO4>鍏ㄩ儴鍙嶅簲瀹岋紝鏈鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忓彲鐭<CuSO4>8鍏嬬敓鎴怌U(OH)2鏈4.9鍏嬶紝鑰楁崯NaOH4鍏嬶紝鏈缁堝緱鍒板浐浣20鍏嬶紝鐭E(OH)3鏈15.1鍏嬶紝鍙眰寰楄楁崯NaOH绾16.9鍏嬶紝鍏辫楁崯20.9鍏嬶紝鍙眰寰楀師鎶曞叆閲戝睘閽犵殑璐ㄩ噺绾︿负12鍏 5:璁惧師婧舵恫璐ㄩ噺涓篨g 0.22脳X锛(X+100)脳0....
绛旓細杩欎竴棰樺鏋滅涓棰樺浜嗗氨鍗佸垎鐨勭畝鍗曚簡銆傞鍏堟牴鎹鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忓彲浠ュ緱鐭3Cu2O + 14HNO3 == 6Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO鈫 + 7H2O锛岀敓鎴愮殑姘斾綋鍙湁涓姘у寲姘紝鑰屼笖姣忕敓鎴愪竴鎽╁皵鐨勪竴姘у寲姘紝姘厓绱犵殑鍖栧悎浠峰彉鍖栦负涓変环锛屼篃灏辨槸涓夋懇灏旂殑鐢靛瓙銆傦紙鍖栧悎浠峰崌浠风殑鍙樺寲瀹炶川涓婂氨鏄緱澶辩數瀛愮殑鍙樺寲锛屽緱鐢靛瓙鍖栧悎浠烽檷浣庯紝澶辩數瀛...
绛旓細5x7=3.5mol=3.5NA B锛屾纭22.4L娣峰悎姘斾綋鏍囧噯鐘舵佷负1mol 锛1mol鐨凮2鎴栬1mol鐨凜O2閮藉惈鏈2NA涓狾鍘熷瓙 C锛岄敊1mol鐨凜H4鍚槸鏈10NA鐢靛瓙锛屼絾22.4l涓嶆槸鏍囧噯鐘舵侊紝鏍囧噯鐘舵佹槸0鎽勬皬搴 涓涓爣鍑嗗ぇ姘斿帇 D锛岄敊Na2CO3婧舵恫涓殑OH-绂诲瓙鏉ヨ嚜CO32-鐨勬按瑙o紝鍏舵按瑙g▼搴﹀緢灏忥紝OH-娴撳害涓嶅彲鑳借揪鍒0.1mol ...
绛旓細鍙嶅簲涓:Fe H2SO4 = FeSO4 H2(姘斾綋)鍙嶅簲浜:Fe2O3 3H2SO4 = Fe2(SO4)3 3H2O 鍙嶅簲涓:Fe2(SO4)3 Fe= 3FeSO4 闂涓,鍙嶅簲閫熺巼,鍥犱负Fe2O3鏄哀鍖栫墿,姘у寲鐗╀笌閰哥殑鍙嶅簲閫熺巼褰撶劧瑕佸揩涓浜涗簡銆傞熺巼灏变笉璇翠簡,澶у閮界煡閬撱傞棶棰樹簩,璇ュ弽搴旂殑瀹炶川銆傛垜浠妸,鍙嶅簲涓,浜,涓,鐩稿姞,鍗,宸﹁竟鍔犲乏杈瑰彸杈瑰姞...
绛旓細瑙e緱:n[Ca(NO3)2]=(x/56)mol,~MgO + 2HNO3 = Mg(NO3)2 + H2O ~~~1~~~1 (x/40)mol~~n[Mg(NO3)2]瑙e緱:n[Mg(NO3)2]=(x/40)mol,鍙堢敱棰樻剰璁綜a(NO)2鍜孧g(NO)2婧舵恫鐨勪綋绉潎涓篤L,鍒:c[Ca(NO3)2]=(x/56)mol/VL=(x/56V)mol/L=amol/L,鍗砤=x/56V,c[Mg(NO3)2...