铜及其化合物在生产、生活中有广泛的应用。（1）铜可采用如下方法制备：火法炼铜：Cu 2 S+O 2 2Cu+SO 2
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| 27. (15分)（1）还原（2） ①2Fe 3+ +Cu=2Fe 2+ +Cu 2+ ②B ③4×10 -11 mol/L CuO[或Cu(OH) 2 ] ④CuCl 2 在溶液中可以发生水解反应：CuCl 2 +2H 2 O Cu(OH) 2 +2HCl，滴加浓盐酸，可以抑制水解 （3）（3分）如图 阳极：Cu-2e - =Cu 2+ 阴极：2H + +2e - =H 2 绛旓細锛1锛夊湪鐏硶鐐奸摐锛欳u2S+O2 楂樻俯 . 2Cu+SO2鍜屾箍娉曠偧閾滐細CuSO4+Fe鈺怓eSO4+Cu涓閾鍏冪礌鐨鍖栧悎浠烽檷浣庯紝Cu2S銆丆uSO4閮戒负姘у寲鍓傦紝琚繕鍘燂紝鍙戠敓杩樺師鍙嶅簲锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細杩樺師锛涳紙2锛夋柟娉曚竴锛氣憼妫楠屼笁浠烽搧绂诲瓙鐨勬柟娉曪細鍙栧皯閲忓緟妫娑蹭簬璇曠涓紝婊村姞KSCN婧舵恫锛屾憾娑插彉涓虹孩鑹诧紝鏁呯瓟妗堜负锛氬彇灏戦噺鍏呭垎鍙嶅簲鍚庣殑婧舵恫浜庤瘯... 绛旓細锛屾牴鎹師瀛愬畧鎭掞紝鍙嶅簲鐗╅櫎Cu 2+ 銆丆l?銆丼O 3 2 ?澶栵紝杩樻湁H 2 O锛屼骇鐗╄繕鏈塇 + 锛岄厤骞冲彲寰楃瀛愭柟绋嬪紡銆(3)鈶犳祿纭吀鎶婇摐姘у寲涓篊uO锛屾湰韬杩樺師涓篠O 2 锛屽悓鏃剁敓鎴愭按銆傗憽浠庣墿璐ㄧ殑棰滆壊鍒ゆ柇锛欳u 2 S鍜孋uS鐨勯鑹蹭篃鏄粦鑹茬殑锛屾晠a椤规纭紱Cu鍗曡川鍙姘у寲涓+2浠锋垨+1浠閾滐紝娴撶～閰镐腑鐨凷鍏冪礌涔... 绛旓細婊村姞娴撶洂閰革紝鍙互鎶戝埗姘磋В锛3锛夛紙3鍒嗭級濡傚浘 闃虫瀬锛欳u-2e - =Cu 2+ 闃存瀬锛2H + +2e - =H 2 璇曢鍒嗘瀽锛氾細锛1锛夊湪鐏硶鐐奸摐锛欳u 2 S+O 2 =2Cu+SO 2 鍜屾箍娉曠偧閾滐細CuSO 绛旓細Fe浠e 2 锛 鐨勫舰寮忚繘鍏ョ數瑙ｆ恫涓紙2鍒嗭級 鈶㈠鍔3锛2g锛2鍒嗭級 锛4锛塁锛2鍒嗭級 璇曢鍒嗘瀽锛氾紙1锛夌～鍖栭摐鐨勬憾瑙ｅ害灏忎簬姘寲閿岀殑锛屾墍浠ユ牴鎹矇娣瀹规槗鍚戞洿闅炬憾鐨勬柟鍚戣浆鍖栧彲鐭ワ紝璇ュ弽搴旂殑绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忔槸Cu 2 锛 (aq)锛媄nS(s)锛漐n 2 锛 (aq)锛婥uS(s)銆傦紙2锛夋牴鎹弽搴旂殑鏂圭▼寮忓彲鐭锛岄摐鍏冪礌鐨鍖... 绛旓細锛4锛夋棤姘寸～閰搁摐鐨勭粍鎴愬厓绱浠ュ強璇ユ皵浣撲笉婧朵簬姘达紝鎵浠ヨ姘斾綋涓烘哀姘旓紝A瑁呯疆鍔犵儹纭吀閾滅敓鎴愪笁姘у寲纭拰姘ф皵銆佷簩姘у寲纭佸拰姘у寲閾滐紝鏂圭▼寮忎负锛3CuSO4 鈻 . 3CuO+2SO2鈫+SO3鈫+O2鈫戯紝O2鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎负锛0.112L22.4L/mol=0.005mol锛屽垯SO3涓0.005mol锛屾晠绛旀锛歄2锛0.005mol锛涳紙... 绛旓細锛1锛夌敤姝ゆ硶鍒跺彇纭吀閾滐紝閬垮厤浜嗘湁姣掓皵浣撶殑浜х敓锛屼笖闇瑕佹俯搴︿笉楂橈紝鏁呯瓟妗堜负锛氭棤姹℃煋锛岃楄兘灏戯紱锛2锛塁u涓庨搧绂诲瓙鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚閾滅瀛愬拰浜氶搧绂诲瓙锛岀瀛愬弽搴旀柟绋嬪紡涓猴紝2Fe3++Cu=2Fe2++Cu2+锛屼簹閾佺瀛愯绌烘皵涓殑姘ф皵姘у寲鐢熸垚閾佺瀛愶紝绂诲瓙鍙嶅簲鏂圭▼寮忎负锛4Fe2++O2+4H+=4Fe3++2H2O锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細2Fe3++Cu=... 绛旓細mol-1锛屾嵁鐩栨柉瀹氬緥锛堚憼+鈶★級梅3寰楋細Cu2S锛坰锛+O2锛坓锛夆晲2Cu锛坰锛+SO2锛坓锛夆柍H=-217.4KJ/mol锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細-217.4KJ/mol锛涒憽鐢佃В绮剧偧Cu鏃讹紝绮楅摐鍋氶槼鏋佸彂鐢熸哀鍖栧弽搴旓紝鏁呯瓟妗堜负锛氶槼锛涳紙2锛夆憼Cu鐨鍖栧悎浠蜂粠+2鍙樹负+1浠锋侀檷浣庯紝閮ㄥ垎H鍏冪礌鐨勫寲鍚堜环浠+1鍙樹负-1锛孒2O鍜孋uSO4浣滄哀鍖栧墏锛孭鐨勫寲鍚堜环... 绛旓細锛3锛塁u 2 (OH) 2 CO 3 鍚湁閾銆佹哀銆佹阿銆佺⒊4绉嶅厓绱狅紝鈶犲浐浣撳拰娑蹭綋鍒嗙涓鑸噰鍙栬繃婊ょ殑鏂规硶锛屸憽钃濊壊婧舵恫涓虹～閰搁摐婧舵恫锛岀敱浜庨噾灞為搧姣旈摐娲绘臣锛屾墍浠ラ搧鑳藉皢纭吀閾滄憾娑蹭腑鐨勯摐缃崲鍑烘潵寰楀埌绱孩鑹茬殑閲戝睘閾溿傚寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡涓猴細Fe + CuSO 4 ="==" FeSO 4 + Cu 閾佺矇涓庣█纭吀鍙嶅簲鐨勫寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡涓猴細Fe +... 绛旓細渚濇嵁瀹氶噺鍏崇郴鍙煡纭濋吀鏍圭瀛愬叏閮ㄥ弽搴旀秷鑰楁阿绂诲瓙0.8mol锛岄摐0.3mol锛屾墍浠ョ敓鎴愮～閰搁摐鏅朵綋鏈澶氫负0.3mol锛屾渶澶氳兘鍒跺纭吀閾滄櫠浣擄紙CuSO4?5H2O锛夌殑璐ㄩ噺=0.3mol脳250g/mol=75g锛涙晠绛旀涓猴細75g锛涳紙3锛夆憼渚濇嵁鍥捐薄鍒嗘瀽涔﹀啓鐑寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡锛氣憼2Cu锛坰锛+12O2锛坓锛=2CuO锛坰锛夆柍H=-a2KJ/mol锛... 绛旓細锛1锛夎鍘熺數姹犱腑锛岄晛浣滆礋鏋侊紝姝ｆ瀬涓婂弻姘ф按寰楃數瀛愮敓鎴愭阿姘ф牴绂诲瓙锛岀數鏋佸弽搴斿紡涓2H2O2+2e-=2OH-锛涚數瑙ｇ～閰搁摐婧舵恫鏃讹紝闃存瀬涓婃阿绂诲瓙鏀剧數淇冭繘姘寸數绂伙紝鎵浠ユ按鐨勭數绂诲钩琛″悜鍙崇Щ鍔紱娑堣24mgMg杞Щ鐢靛瓙鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲=24脳10?324mol脳2=0.002mol锛屽綋杞Щ0.002mol鐢靛瓙鏃剁敓鎴恈锛圚+锛=0.002mol2脳20.2L=0.... 本站交流只代表网友个人观点，与本站立场无关 |
