澳大利亚传统食物英文介绍 澳大利亚食物传统和发展，中英对照、谢谢
\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u8457\u540d\u98df\u7269\uff01\u6700\u597d\u6709\u4e2d\u82f1\u5bf9\u7167\uff01\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u5341\u5927\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u98df\u7269
\u6fb3\u6d32\u4f20\u7edf\u98df\u7269\u5c31\u662fFISH AND CHIPS
http://www.marimari.com/content/australia/food/main.htmlhttp://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/foodanddrink/
http://australianfood.about.com/od/discoveraussienzfood/a/IntroAusKiwi.htm
Food and Drink
Australia's first settlers brought with them the tastes of 18th century Great Britain. Their familiar dishes such as roast beef and Yorkshire pudding, Irish stew and steamed pudding were, for most of the year, totally unsuitable for the harsh climate and conditions.
In the last two hundred years these eating habits have gradually changed, and continue to do so. In the Gold Rush of 1851, adventurers and speculators came from all over the world, among them thousands of Chinese who began successful market gardens, greengrocers shops and restaurants, thus introducing us to new tastes. From there it continued.
Today, influenced by the large number of immigrants from Mediterranean, Asian and other countries, our menus now reflect Australia's multicultural society. Once traditional dishes have been spiced up with new flavours, but when it comes to fair dinkum Aussie tucker, there are a few classic dishes that have stood the test of time and cannot be improved. (Recipes and information have been provided for traditional dishes)
anzac biscuits - traditional biscuit/cookie dating back to World War I
bangers - sausages
bangers and mash - sausages and mashed potato
billy tea - bush tea boiled in a tin container
biscuits - cookies
booze - alcohol
bundy - Bundaberg rum, eg 'bundy and coke'
champers - champagne
chips - French fries
chook - chicken
cuppa - cup of tea or coffee
damper - bush bread
grog - alcohol
lamington - traditional small sponge cake squares covered in chocolate
icing and sprinkled with coconut
lollies - candy
middy - medium sized glass of beer
pavlova - traditional meringue dessert
sanga - sandwich
schooner - large glass of beer
snag - sausage
stubby - small bottle of beer
tinny - can of beer
tomato sauce - ketchup
tucker - food
VB - Victoria Bitter, brand of beer
Vegemite - spread for toast or sandwiches, made from yeast extract
XXXX - 'four ex', Queensland brand of beer
Anzac Biscuits
Traditional biscuits baked by anxious wives and mothers during World War I, packed in food parcels, and sent to the Australian soldiers in the trenches.
INGREDIENTS
1 cup rolled oats
3/4 cup desiccated coconut
1 cup plain flour
1 cup sugar
125g (4oz) butter
2 tablespoons golden syrup
1/2 teaspoon bicarbonate of soda
1 tablespoon water
Preheat oven to 300F (150C)
Mix oats, flour, sugar and coconut together.
Melt syrup and butter together.
Mix soda with boiling water and add to melted butter and syrup.
Add to dry ingredients.
Place 1 tablespoonfuls of mixture on greased tray (allow room for spreading).
Bake for 20 minutes.
Loosen while warm, cool on trays.
(makes about 35)
Damper
In colonial Australia, stockmen developed the technique of making damper out of necessity. Often away from home for weeks, with just a camp fire to cook on and only sacks of flour as provisions, a basic staple bread evolved. It was originally made with flour and water and a good pinch of salt, kneaded, shaped into a round, and baked in the ashes of the campfire or open fireplace. It was eaten with pieces of fried dried meat, sometimes spread with golden syrup, but always with billy tea or maybe a swig of rum.
Today it is made with milk and self-raising flour. Salt is optional.
BUSH DAMPER
3 cups of self-raising flour
1/2 teaspoon salt (optional)
3 tablespoons butter
1/2 cup milk
1/2 cup water
Sift flour and salt into a bowl, rub in butter until mixture resembles fine crumbs.
Make a well in the centre, add the combined milk and water, mix lightly with a knife until dough leaves sides of bowl.
Gently knead on a lightly floured surface and then shape into a round, put on a greased oven tray. Pat into a round 15-16 cm (6-6 1/2 inch) diameter.
With sharp knife, cut two slits across dough like a cross, approximately 1cm (1/2in) deep.
Brush top of dough with milk.
Sift a little extra flour over dough.
Bake in a hot oven for 10 minutes, or until golden brown.
Reduce heat to moderate and bake another 20 minutes.
Best eaten the day it is made.
Lamingtons
Small squares of plain cake, dipped in melted chocolate and sugar and coated in desiccated coconut. Said to have been named after Baron Lamington (see below), a popular governor of Queensland from 1896 to 1901.
SPONGE CAKE
3 eggs
1/2 cup castor sugar
3/4 cup self-raising flour
1/4 cup cornflour
15g (1/2oz) butter
3 tablespoons hot water
Beat eggs until thick and creamy. Gradually add sugar. Continue beating until sugar completely dissolved.
Fold in sifted SR flour and cornflour, then combined water and butter.
Pour mixture into prepared lamington tins 18cm x 28cm (7in x 11in).
Bake in moderate oven approximately 30 mins.
Let cake stand in pan for 5 min before turning out onto wire rack.
CHOCOLATE ICING
3 cups desiccated coconut
500g (1lb) icing sugar
1/3 cup cocoa
(extra cocoa can be added, according to taste)
15g (1/2oz) butter
1/2 cup milk
Sift icing sugar and cocoa into heatproof bowl.
Stir in butter and milk.
Stir over a pan of hot water until icing is smooth and glossy.
Trim brown top and sides from cake.
Cut into 16 even pieces.
Holding each piece on a fork, dip each cake into icing.
Hold over bowl a few minutes to drain off excess chocolate.
Toss in coconut or sprinkle to coat.
Place on oven tray to set.
(Cake is easier to handle if made the day before.
Sponge cake or butter cake may be used.
May be filled with jam and cream.)
BARON LAMINGTON
Rt Hon Charles Wallace Alexander Napier Cochrane Baillie, Baron Lamington, GCMG, Governor of Queensland from 9 April 1896 to 19 December 1901.
Whilst the origin of the name for the lamington cake cannot be accurately established, there are several theories. One of these theories is that it was originally the slang term for the homburg hat, worn by Baron Lamington, and these cakes were named for him.
Another theory is that they were named after Lady Lamington, the wife of the Governor.
Pavlova
In 1935, the chef of the Hotel Esplanade in Perth, Western Australia, Herbert Sachse, created the pavlova to celebrate the visit of the great Russian ballerina, Anna Pavlova. Whilst it has been suggested this dessert was created in New Zealand, it has become recognized as a popular Australian dish.
TRADITIONAL PAVLOVA
4-6 egg whites
pinch salt
8oz castor sugar/sugar (equal parts)
1 teaspoon white vinegar
1/2 teaspoon vanilla essence
2 level teaspoons cornflour
(Please note the following equivalents:
castor sugar or fine/super fine sugar
corn flour or cornstarch)
Preheat oven to 400F(200C).
Lightly grease oven tray, line with baking paper or use non-stick cooking spray.
Beat the whites of eggs with a pinch of salt until stiff (until peaks form).
Continue beating, gradually adding sugar, vinegar and vanilla, until of thick consistency.
Lightly fold in cornflour.
Pile mixture into circular shape, making hollow in centre for filling.
(Mixture will swell during cooking)
Electric oven: turn oven to 250F (130C) and bake undisturbed for 1 1/2 hours.
Gas oven: bake at 400F (200C) for ten minutes, then turn oven to 250F (130C) and bake a further hour.
(Fan forced oven: temperature and time needs to be adjusted accordingly.)
Turn oven off, leave pavlova in oven until cool.
Top with whipped cream and decorate with fruit as desired.
VEGEMITE
As Australian* as the Sydney Opera House or the Harbour Bridge. A thick dark spread used on toast or bread, or flavouring in soups and casseroles, and loved by Aussies since the early 1920s.
This Australian icon was developed in 1922 by Australian food technologist, Cyril P Callister, and marketed by a Melbourne businessman, Fred Walker. Made from the yeast left-overs of the beer making process, it became one of the positive side effects of the Australian brewing industry of the 1920s.
Vegemite's reputation for nutrition was boosted when infant welfare centres recommended its use for toddlers to receive their quota of vitamins B1, B2 and Niacin, but the manufacturers failed to mention that it also contained 10% salt, and so in its early days it was marketed as 'health' food. It has since had its salt levels reduced, so it conforms to health considerations.
(* Vegemite is made in Australia by Kraft Foods. In 1988 Kraft Inc was acquired by Philip Morris Companies Inc. So whilst it is manufactured by an American owned company, it is recognised as an Australian icon.)
绛旓細涓涙灄椋熺墿婧愯嚜婢冲ぇ鍒╀簹鍦熻憲,鏄渶鍏风壒鑹茬殑椋熷搧涔嬩竴,鍖呮嫭鑽嗘爲鏋滀粊銆侀噹鐢熸棤鑺辨灉銆佸濞佸し鏋滀粊銆佹妗ｆ灉浠併佹潖浠佸拰閲庣敓铚滅硸銆 涓涙灄椋熺墿涔嬩腑鏈鏈夌壒鑹茬殑鏄湪鍥婅浘骞艰櫕,鍘熸湰鐨鑻辨枃涓叉硶鏄痺itjuti(璇粀it-cha-tee),浣嗚尪璋变笂閫氬父鍐欎綔witchetty;杩欑骞艰櫕鍙互鍦ㄦ爲鏈ㄧ殑鏍广佽寧鍜屽共閮ㄦ壘鍒,鏄暟鍗冨勾鏉ュ湡钁楀枩鐖辩殑缇庨,浣犲彲浠ュ埌鐗硅椋熷搧鍟嗗簵鍙...
绛旓細鍦ｈ癁鑺傚埌鏉ュ悗浜轰滑鍚冪殑鏈澶氱殑灏辨槸鐏浮銆佹爲骞茶泲绯曘佹捣椴溿佹潖浠佸竷涓併佸楗笺佺帀绫崇播銆乬logi閰掋佹矙婊╁銆傝嫳鍥藉搴枩娆㈣嚜鍒剁伀楦★紱鏍戝共铔嬬硶鏄硶鍥界潃鍚嶇殑鍦ｈ癁缇庨锛涘痉鍥藉搴湪鍦ｈ癁鑺傜粡甯稿悆鐨椋熺墿鏄楗硷紱鎰忓ぇ鍒╁鍚冩捣椴滐紱婢冲ぇ鍒╀簹鍠滄涓捐娌欐哗瀹淬傚湥璇炶妭鏈鍑哄悕鐨勯鐗╁氨鏄伀楦★紝鑻卞浗瀹跺涵鍒朵綔鐏浮閫氬父鏄妸姘存灉钄彍閮藉杩...
绛旓細5.Crab Sticks Crab stick甯稿父鍑虹幇鍦ㄥ悇绉嶇偢鐗╀腑銆傝櫧鐒跺悕瀛椾腑鏈'crab'杩欎釜瀛楋紝浣嗘槸鏁存潯crab stick涓嵈娌℃湁涓鐐圭偣锜硅倝鐨勬垚鍒嗐傝繖涓椋熺墿鏇村鍋忓悜鐨勬槸浼犵粺涓婄殑鎰忎箟 (浠涔堜紶缁熸剰涔?)銆傚湪鏌愪簺鑺傚簡涓殑娌欐媺涓婁篃鑳借鍒板畠鐨勮韩褰便6.Fish & Chips 鍑犱箮鍦婢虫床鐨姣忎竴涓煄甯傦紝姣忎竴涓皬闀囷紝鐢氳嚦姣忎竴涓亸杩滅殑...
绛旓細婢虫床鑲夐ゼ锛圓ustralian Meatballs锛夛細婢虫床鑲夐ゼ鏄竴绉嶉潪甯稿彈娆㈣繋鐨勫搴皬鍚冿紝閫氬父鐢辩墰鑲夈佺緤鑲夋垨鐚倝鍒舵垚锛屽姞鍏ヤ竴浜涜敩鑿滃拰璋冨懗鏂欍傝倝楗煎彲浠ュ崟鐙鐢紝涔熷彲浠ユ惌閰嶉潰鍖呫佹剰澶у埄闈㈡垨鑰呯背楗瓑椋熺墿銆傛境娲查鑲犲嵎锛圫ausage Roll锛夛細棣欒偁鍗锋槸婢冲ぇ鍒╀簹鐨勪竴绉浼犵粺灏忓悆锛岀敱閰ョ毊闈㈠洟鍖呰９鐫棣欒偁鍒舵垚銆傞鑲犲嵎鍙互鐑锛屼篃鍙互鍐烽...
绛旓細Dear Lucy.I am very happy to receive your letter in which you ask about Chinese Moon Festival. Let me tell you briefly about it.It is on the 15th of the 8th lunar month. At this time of the year, it is just in the middle of the autumn that is why it is also ...
绛旓細鍦ㄧ編鍥斤紝鍦ｈ癁鑺傚甯笂鐨浼犵粺椋熺墿鏈夊～棣呯殑鐏浮銆佸湡璞嗘偿銆佽秺姗橀叡绛夈傜儰鐏浮涓嶄絾鍦ㄧ編鍥斤紝鍦ㄥ姞鎷垮ぇ銆婢冲ぇ鍒╀簹鍜屾柊瑗垮叞涔熸槸鍦ｈ癁瀹村腑涓婃渶鏅亶鐨勪富鑿溿係ome families have ham or roast goose instead of turkey.Favorite desserts include mince pie or pumpkin pie, plum pudding and fruitcake.Eggnog is a ...
绛旓細鍘婢冲ぇ鍒╀簹蹇呭悆鐨缇庨锛氬幓婢虫床鏃呮父锛屽綋鐒惰鍘诲悆褰撳湴鐗硅壊缇庨锛屾帴涓嬫潵鐩樼偣涓涓嬫境娲叉湁鍝簺濂藉悆鐨勫惂銆01 琚嬮紶鑲夊湪婢虫床琚嬮紶鑲変竴鑸槸鐑ゆ潵鍚冪殑锛屽彛鎰熻緝濂斤紝鑲夌暐寰湁鐐归吀锛屽悆璧锋潵寰堝儚鐗涜倝锛屽父甯镐綈浠ョ洂鑳℃鏌犳姹佸拰杈ｆ锛岄潪甯稿彲鍙ｃ02 鐨囧笣锜瑰氨濡傚畠鐨勫悕瀛椾竴鏍凤紝鐨囧笣锜逛綋鍨嬪法澶э紝骞冲潎姣忓彧鍦2鑷5鍏枻宸﹀彸锛岃倝...
绛旓細琚嵃搴︽磱鍜屽お骞虫磱鐜姳鐫鐨勬境娲诧紝鎷ユ湁缁甸暱鐨勬捣宀哥嚎锛屽ぇ閮ㄥ垎鍩庡競閮藉湪娴峰哺杈广傚緱澶╃嫭鍘氱殑骞块様娴峰煙涓烘境娲蹭汉鎻愪緵浜嗕韩涔嬩笉灏芥捣椴滀骇鍝侊紝娴烽矞涔熸垚涓烘境娲蹭汉鏃ュ父楗鐨勯噸瑕佺粍鎴愪箣涓銆傚鎮夊凹鐨勭敓铓濄佹槅澹叞宸炵殑娉ヨ煿鍜岃帿鐟為】甯﹀３灏忛緳铏俱佸崡婢充笌瑗婢虫床鐨澶ч緳铏俱佸寳棰嗗湴鐨刡arramundi(鑲洪奔)閮芥瀬瀵岀洓鍚嶃
绛旓細楗枡锛氬湪婢冲ぇ鍒╀簹杩囧勾鏈熼棿锛屼汉浠細鍠濆悇绉嶉ギ鏂欙紝濡傝憽钀勯厭銆佸暏閰掋佹灉姹併佽蒋楗枡绛夈傜壒鍒槸棣欐鍜岃捣娉￠厭锛屽湪鏂板勾鍊掓暟鍜屽簡绁濇椿鍔ㄤ腑闈炲父鍙楁杩庛傜儹楗細鍦ㄦ境澶у埄浜氱殑鍐鏂板勾锛岃澶氫汉浼氶夋嫨鍠濈儹鑼躲佸挅鍟℃垨鐑阀鍏嬪姏鏉ラ┍瀵掋傛讳箣锛屾境澶у埄浜氳繃骞寸殑椋熺墿涓板瘜澶氭牱锛屾棦鏈夋湰鍦熺殑浼犵粺椋熺墿锛屼篃鏈夋潵鑷笘鐣屽悇鍦扮殑缇庨銆傝繖浜涢鐗╀笉浠...
绛旓細婢冲ぇ鍒╀簹鐨缇庨锛1銆佹捣椴 婢冲ぇ鍒╀簹绾噣銆佹棤姹℃煋鐨勬捣姘村煿鑲插嚭鐨勬捣椴滀骇鍝佽嚜鐒跺搧璐ㄥ緢楂橈紝澶ч儴鍒嗚礉绫汇佽櫨绫婚兘鍙互鐩存帴鐢熼銆傚洜涓烘境澶у埄浜氱殑娴烽矞杩囦簬涓板瘜锛岃繖鍑犱箮鎴愪簡鎵鏈婢虫床椁愬巺鐨勪富鎵擄紝寰堝椁愬巺閮戒細鍦ㄩ棬鍙ｇ殑寮犺创鍑衡渃atch of the day鈥濓紙浠婃棩涔嬮奔锛夛紝涓哄浜烘彁渚涘綋澶╂崟鎹炰笂鐨勬柊椴滄捣椴溿傛境澶у埄浜氬彲浠ヨ鏄枩鐖辨捣椴滆...
