已知有机物A、B、C、D、E、F有以下转化关系.A的产量是衡量一个国家石油化工生产水平的标志;D能使石蕊试
\u5df2\u77e5\u6709\u673a\u7269A\u3001B\u3001C\u3001D\u3001E\u3001F\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8f6c\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\uff0eA\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u77f3\u6cb9\u5316\u5de5\u751f\u4ea7\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff1bD\u80fd\u4f7f\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6709\u673a\u7269A\u3001B\u3001C\u3001D\u3001E\u3001F\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8f6c\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\uff0cA\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u77f3\u6cb9\u5316\u5de5\u751f\u4ea7\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5219A\u662f\u4e59\u70ef\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH2=CH2\uff1bA\u548c\u6c34\u53d1\u751f\u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210B\uff0cB\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH3CH2OH\uff0cB\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\u751f\u6210C\uff0cC\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH3CHO\uff0cD\u80fd\u4f7f\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u7ea2\uff0c\u5219D\u662f\u7fa7\u9178\uff0cE\u662f\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u9999\u5473\u7684\u65e0\u8272\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u916f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5B\u548cD\u53d1\u751f\u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210E\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u662fC\u76842\u500d\uff0c\u5219E\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf=44\u00d72=88\uff0c\u5219D\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf=88+18-46=60\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e59\u9178\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH3COOH\uff0cE\u4e3a\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH3COOCH2CH3\uff1bF\u662f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u98df\u54c1\u5305\u88c5\u888b\uff0c\u5219F\u662f\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff0c\uff081\uff09\u2460\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\u77e5\uff0cA\u3001C\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\uff1aA\u4e3aCH2=CH2\u3001C \u4e3a\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aCH2=CH2\uff1bCH3CHO\uff1b\u2461B\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH3CH2OH\uff0cD\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH3COOH\uff0c\u5219B\u3001D\u4e2d\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u5206\u522b\u662f\u7f9f\u57fa\u3001\u7fa7\u57fa\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\u7f9f\u57fa\uff1b\u7fa7\u57fa\uff1b\u2462B\u662f\u4e59\u9187\u3001C\u662f\u4e59\u919b\uff0c\u4e59\u9187\u53d1\u751f\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u4e59\u919b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53cd\u5e94\u2461\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1a2CH3CH2OH+O2Cu\u25b32CH3CHO+2H2O\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a2CH3CH2OH+O2Cu\u25b32CH3CHO+2H2O\uff1b\uff082\uff09a\uff0e\u7532\u919b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aHCHO\uff0c\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u4e3a-CHO\uff0c\u5176\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a\u919b\u57fa\uff0c\u6545\u6b63\u786e\uff1bb\uff0e\u7532\u919b\u4e2d\u6784\u6210\u5143\u7d20\u4e3aC\u3001H\u3001O\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u71c3\u70e7\u540e\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u4e3aCO2\u548cH2O\uff0c\u6545\u6b63\u786e\uff1bc\uff0e\u919b\u57fa\u80fd\u548c\u65b0\u5236\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u60ac\u6d4a\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u7816\u7ea2\u8272\u6c27\u5316\u4e9a\u94dc\u6c89\u6dc0\uff0c\u7532\u919b\u4e0e\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\uff0c\u90fd\u542b\u6709\u919b\u57fa\uff0c\u5176\u6eb6\u6db2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u65b0\u5236\u5907\u7684Cu\uff08OH\uff092\u60ac\u6d4a\u6db2\u53d1\u751f\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u7816\u7ea2\u8272\u6c27\u5316\u4e9a\u94dc\u6c89\u6dc0\uff0c\u6545\u6b63\u786e\uff1bd\uff0e\u7532\u919b\u7684\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u5177\u6709\u6740\u83cc\u3001\u9632\u8150\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u6bd2\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u91cf\u7528\u4e8e\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e1a\uff0c\u6545\u9519\u8bef\uff1b\u6545\u9009d\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u2460\u82ef\u548c\u6db2\u6eb4\u5728FeBr3\u4f5c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u6eb4\u82ef\uff0c\u7531\u82ef\u5236\u5907\u6eb4\u82ef\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1a\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff1b\u2461\u7eaf\u51c0\u7684\u6eb4\u82ef\u662f\u65e0\u8272\u6cb9\u72b6\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u5f97\u7684\u7c97\u6eb4\u82ef\u901a\u5e38\u56e0\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e86Br2\u5448\u8910\u8272\uff0c\u6eb4\u53ef\u4ee5\u548cNaOH\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u548c\u6eb4\u82ef\u4e0d\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5165\u8bd5\u5242NaOH\u6eb6\u6db2\u9664\u53bb\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3aBr2+2NaOH=NaBr+NaBrO+H2O\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u4e0d\u4e92\u6eb6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u5206\u6db2\u65b9\u6cd5\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u8be5\u9664\u6742\u64cd\u4f5c\u6240\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u73bb\u7483\u4eea\u5668\u662f\u5206\u6db2\u6f0f\u6597\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aBr2+2NaOH=NaBr+NaBrO+H2O\uff1b\u5206\u6db2\u6f0f\u6597\uff0e
A\uff1a\u4e59\u9178
B\uff1a\u4e59\u9187
C\uff1a\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f
D\uff1a\u4e59\u9178\u94a0
E\uff1a\u4e59\u70ef
F\uff1a\u805a\u4e59\u70ef
(1)①通过以上分析知,A的结构简式为CH2=CH2、E的结构简式为CH3COOCH2CH3,故答案为:CH2=CH2;CH3COOCH2CH3;
②B的结构简式为CH3CH2OH,含有羟基,C为CH3CHO,含有醛基,D的结构简式为CH3COOH,含有羧基,E的结构简式为CH3COOCH2CH3,含有官能团为酯基,故答案为:羟基;醛基;羧基;酯基;
③反应②是乙醇发生氧化反应生成乙醛,反应反应方程式:2CH3CH2OH+O2
Cu |
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