已知有机物A、B、C、D、E、F有以下转化关系．A的产量是衡量一个国家石油化工生产水平的标志；D能使石蕊试

\u5df2\u77e5\u6709\u673a\u7269A\u3001B\u3001C\u3001D\u3001E\u3001F\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8f6c\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\uff0eA\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u77f3\u6cb9\u5316\u5de5\u751f\u4ea7\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff1bD\u80fd\u4f7f\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5

\u6709\u673a\u7269A\u3001B\u3001C\u3001D\u3001E\u3001F\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8f6c\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\uff0cA\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u77f3\u6cb9\u5316\u5de5\u751f\u4ea7\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5219A\u662f\u4e59\u70ef\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH2=CH2\uff1bA\u548c\u6c34\u53d1\u751f\u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210B\uff0cB\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH3CH2OH\uff0cB\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\u751f\u6210C\uff0cC\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH3CHO\uff0cD\u80fd\u4f7f\u77f3\u854a\u8bd5\u6db2\u53d8\u7ea2\uff0c\u5219D\u662f\u7fa7\u9178\uff0cE\u662f\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u9999\u5473\u7684\u65e0\u8272\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u916f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5B\u548cD\u53d1\u751f\u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210E\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u662fC\u76842\u500d\uff0c\u5219E\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf=44\u00d72=88\uff0c\u5219D\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf=88+18-46=60\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e59\u9178\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH3COOH\uff0cE\u4e3a\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH3COOCH2CH3\uff1bF\u662f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u98df\u54c1\u5305\u88c5\u888b\uff0c\u5219F\u662f\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff0c\uff081\uff09\u2460\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\u77e5\uff0cA\u3001C\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\uff1aA\u4e3aCH2=CH2\u3001C \u4e3a\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aCH2=CH2\uff1bCH3CHO\uff1b\u2461B\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH3CH2OH\uff0cD\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aCH3COOH\uff0c\u5219B\u3001D\u4e2d\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u5206\u522b\u662f\u7f9f\u57fa\u3001\u7fa7\u57fa\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\u7f9f\u57fa\uff1b\u7fa7\u57fa\uff1b\u2462B\u662f\u4e59\u9187\u3001C\u662f\u4e59\u919b\uff0c\u4e59\u9187\u53d1\u751f\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u4e59\u919b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53cd\u5e94\u2461\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1a2CH3CH2OH+O2Cu\u25b32CH3CHO+2H2O\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a2CH3CH2OH+O2Cu\u25b32CH3CHO+2H2O\uff1b\uff082\uff09a\uff0e\u7532\u919b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3aHCHO\uff0c\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u4e3a-CHO\uff0c\u5176\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a\u919b\u57fa\uff0c\u6545\u6b63\u786e\uff1bb\uff0e\u7532\u919b\u4e2d\u6784\u6210\u5143\u7d20\u4e3aC\u3001H\u3001O\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u71c3\u70e7\u540e\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u4e3aCO2\u548cH2O\uff0c\u6545\u6b63\u786e\uff1bc\uff0e\u919b\u57fa\u80fd\u548c\u65b0\u5236\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94dc\u60ac\u6d4a\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u7816\u7ea2\u8272\u6c27\u5316\u4e9a\u94dc\u6c89\u6dc0\uff0c\u7532\u919b\u4e0e\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\uff0c\u90fd\u542b\u6709\u919b\u57fa\uff0c\u5176\u6eb6\u6db2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u65b0\u5236\u5907\u7684Cu\uff08OH\uff092\u60ac\u6d4a\u6db2\u53d1\u751f\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u7816\u7ea2\u8272\u6c27\u5316\u4e9a\u94dc\u6c89\u6dc0\uff0c\u6545\u6b63\u786e\uff1bd\uff0e\u7532\u919b\u7684\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u5177\u6709\u6740\u83cc\u3001\u9632\u8150\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u6bd2\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u91cf\u7528\u4e8e\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e1a\uff0c\u6545\u9519\u8bef\uff1b\u6545\u9009d\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u2460\u82ef\u548c\u6db2\u6eb4\u5728FeBr3\u4f5c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u6eb4\u82ef\uff0c\u7531\u82ef\u5236\u5907\u6eb4\u82ef\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1a\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff1b\u2461\u7eaf\u51c0\u7684\u6eb4\u82ef\u662f\u65e0\u8272\u6cb9\u72b6\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5236\u5f97\u7684\u7c97\u6eb4\u82ef\u901a\u5e38\u56e0\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e86Br2\u5448\u8910\u8272\uff0c\u6eb4\u53ef\u4ee5\u548cNaOH\u6eb6\u6db2\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u548c\u6eb4\u82ef\u4e0d\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5165\u8bd5\u5242NaOH\u6eb6\u6db2\u9664\u53bb\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3aBr2+2NaOH=NaBr+NaBrO+H2O\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u4e0d\u4e92\u6eb6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u5206\u6db2\u65b9\u6cd5\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u8be5\u9664\u6742\u64cd\u4f5c\u6240\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u73bb\u7483\u4eea\u5668\u662f\u5206\u6db2\u6f0f\u6597\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aBr2+2NaOH=NaBr+NaBrO+H2O\uff1b\u5206\u6db2\u6f0f\u6597\uff0e

A\uff1a\u4e59\u9178
B\uff1a\u4e59\u9187
C\uff1a\u4e59\u9178\u4e59\u916f
D\uff1a\u4e59\u9178\u94a0
E\uff1a\u4e59\u70ef
F\uff1a\u805a\u4e59\u70ef

A的产量是衡量一个国家石油化工生产水平的标志，则A是乙烯，其结构简式为CH₂=CH₂；A和水发生加成反应生成B为CH₃CH₂OH，乙醇发生催化氧化生成C为CH₃CHO，D能使石蕊试液变红，则D是羧酸，E是不溶于水且具有香味的无色液体，属于酯，所以B和D发生酯化反应生成E，且E的相对分子质量是C的2倍，则E的相对分子质量=44×2=88，则D的相对分子质量=88+18-46=60，D为乙酸，其结构简式为CH₃COOH，E为乙酸乙酯，其结构简式为CH₃COOCH₂CH₃，F是高分子聚合物，常用于制食品包装袋，则F是聚乙烯，其结构简式为，
（1）①通过以上分析知，A的结构简式为CH₂=CH₂、E的结构简式为CH₃COOCH₂CH₃，故答案为：CH₂=CH₂；CH₃COOCH₂CH₃；
②B的结构简式为CH₃CH₂OH，含有羟基，C为CH₃CHO，含有醛基，D的结构简式为CH₃COOH，含有羧基，E的结构简式为CH₃COOCH₂CH₃，含有官能团为酯基，故答案为：羟基；醛基；羧基；酯基；
③反应②是乙醇发生氧化反应生成乙醛，反应反应方程式：2CH₃CH₂OH+O₂

Cu

鐜版湁A銆B銆C銆D鍥涚鏈夋満鐗,宸茬煡: 绛旓細1銆丄涓鸿嫰涔欑儻锛岃嫰鐜-CH=CH2锛屾渶澶氭墍鏈夊師瀛愬叏閮ㄥ湪鍚屼竴涓钩闈笂锛16涓 2銆丅涓4-缇熷熀-1-涓侀吀锛孒OCH2CH2CH2COOH锛孍灏辨槸B鍒嗗瓙鍐呰劚姘存垚鐜舰鎴愮殑鍐呴叝锛-OCH2CH2CH2CO-锛屽悗闈竴涓狾鏄笌纰冲弻閿浉杩烇紝鍓嶉潰涓涓狾缁曡繃鏉ヤ笌鏈鍚庝竴涓狢鐩歌繛鎴愮幆銆3銆丆涓轰笝浜岄吀锛孒COOCH2COOH锛孌涓烘垔浜岄唶锛孒OCH2CH2CH2CH2OH... 濡傚浘涓 A銆B銆C銆D銆E鍧囦负鏈夋満鍖栧悎鐗.宸茬煡:C鑳借窡NaHCO 3 鍙戠敓鍙嶅簲... 绛旓細鐢盋鍜孌鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚锛孋鑳藉拰纰抽吀姘㈤挔鍙嶅簲锛屽垯C涓虹晶閰锛孌涓洪唶锛屼簩鑰呭叡鍚5涓狢鍘熷瓙锛屽苟涓擟鍜孌鐨勭浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忕浉绛夛紝搴斾负涔欓吀鍜屼笝閱锛孍鏃犳敮閾撅紝D搴斾负1-涓欓唶锛屼簩鑰呭彂鐢熼叝鍖栧弽搴旂敓鎴愰叝E锛汚鏄敱B涓庝箼閰搞佷笝閱囧彂鐢熼叝鍖栧弽搴斿悗鐢熸垚鐨勪骇鐗╋紝鍏剁粨鏋勭畝寮忎负锛 锛庯紙1锛夐氳繃浠ヤ笂鍒嗘瀽鐭ワ紝E鐨勫垎瀛愬紡涓猴細C 5 H 10 ... 鐜版湁A銆B銆C銆D銆E銆丗浜旂鏈夋満鐗,瀹冧滑鐨勮浆鍖栧叧绯诲涓嬪浘鎵绀(鍥句腑閮ㄥ垎鍙... 绛旓細A鍦ㄦ祿纭吀銆170鈩冪敓鎴愭皵浣D锛姘斾綋D鐨勭浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忎负28锛屼笖D鍙互鍚堟垚甯哥敤濉戞枡F锛屾晠A涓轰箼閱囥丏涓轰箼鐑丗涓鸿仛涔欑儻锛岀敱杞寲鍏崇郴鍙煡锛孌涓嶩Br鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚C锛孋涓烘捍涔欑兎锛孉姘у寲鐢熸垚B锛娑蹭綋B鑳藉彂鐢熼摱闀滃弽搴旓紝鏁匓涓轰箼閱涳紝涔欓啗姘у寲鐢熸垚E锛孍鑳戒笌纰抽吀姘㈤挔鍙嶅簲锛屾晠E涓轰箼閰革紝锛1锛夌敱涓婅堪鍒嗘瀽鍙煡锛孉涓轰箼閱囷紝缁撴瀯... 宸茬煡A鏄箼鐑,B銆C銆D銆E鍧囦负甯歌鐨鏈夋満鐗,鍦ㄤ竴瀹氭潯浠朵笅,瀹冧滑鏈夊鍥炬墍绀... 绛旓細(1)CH3COOH (2)BC (3)3 (4)C锛濨锛濧 (5)CH3COOC2H5+NaOH鈫扖H3COONa+C2H5OH,鏉′欢锛氣柍 瑙ｆ瀽锛欰鏄疌H2=CH2,B鏄疌2H5OH锛孋鏄疌H3COOH,D鏄疌H3COOC2H5,E鏄疌H3COONa A銆B銆C銆D銆E 5绉鏈夋満鐗鍦ㄤ竴瀹氭潯浠朵笅瀛樺湪濡備笅杞寲鍏崇郴(閮ㄥ垎鍙嶅簲鏉′欢... 绛旓細2CH3CH2OH+O2Cu/Ag鈻2CH3CHO+2H2O锛涳紙4锛夆憼鍙嶅簲B+D鈫E鏄箼閱囦笌涔欓吀鍦ㄦ祿纭吀銆佸姞鐑潯浠朵笅鐢熸垚涔欓吀涔欓叝锛屽弽搴旀柟绋嬪紡鏄疌H3CH2OH+CH3COOH娴撶～閰糕柍CH3COOCH2CH3+H2O锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細CH3CH2OH+CH3COOH娴撶～閰糕柍CH3COOCH2CH3+H2O锛涒憽鐮旂┒涓嶅悓鍌寲鍓傜殑鍌寲鏁堢巼锛屽簲鍦ㄧ浉鍚岀殑娓╁害涓嬭繘琛岋紝鍥犱负娓╁害瀵瑰弽搴旈熺巼鏈夊奖鍝嶏紝鏁... 鍖栧鎺ㄦ柇:浜旂鏈夋満鐗〢銆B銆C銆D銆E,鍏朵腑A銆丅鏄儍绫,鍏朵粬涓哄惈姘ц鐢熺墿... 绛旓細A:涔欑儻 B:鑻 C:涔欓唶 D:涔欓啗鎴栬呬箼閰革紙鐪嬫哀鍖栫▼搴︼級E:鑻厷 宸茬煡A銆B銆C銆丏銆E銆丗涓哄父瑙鐗╄川,鍏朵腑A銆丆鍚湁鐩稿悓鐨勫厓绱,D鏄彧鍚袱绉... 绛旓細锛1锛堿涓哄弽搴旂墿锛孊涓虹敓鎴愮墿锛岃孹鏃㈡槸鐢熸垚鐗╋紝鍙堟槸鍙嶅簲鐗╋紝鎵浠ュ彲浠ュ垽鏂璛涓哄偓鍖栧墏锛岃孉銆丆鍚湁鐩稿悓鐨勫厓绱狅紝鎵浠鍙互鏄繃姘у寲姘锛孋灏辨槸姘达紝鎵浠鏄簩姘у寲閿帮紝閭ｄ箞B灏辨槸姘ф皵锛岃D鏄鏈夋満鐗╋紝鏈夋満鐗鍜屾哀姘斿弽搴旀椂灏卞簲璇ョ敓鎴愪簩姘у寲纰冲拰姘达紝杩欎篃楠岃瘉浜嗘垜浠垰鎵嶇殑鎺ㄦ祴鍗矯涓烘按锛屾墍浠涓轰簩姘у寲纰筹紝閭ｄ箞D灏... A銆B銆C銆D銆E銆丗銆丟閮芥槸閾剧姸鏈夋満鐗,瀹冧滑鐨勮浆鍖栧叧绯诲鍥炬墍绀.A鍙惈涓... 绛旓細C姘у寲涓D锛-CHO杞寲涓-COOH锛屾晠D涓篊7H10O7锛孌鐨勬牳纾佸叡鎸阿璋卞浘涓婃湁3涓嘲锛屼笖宄伴潰绉箣姣斾负1锛3锛6锛屾晠D鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负锛岄嗘帹鍙緱C鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负銆丅涓猴紝鏁匞涓锛孍涓猴紝F涓猴紟A鍙惈涓绉嶅畼鑳藉洟锛屽惈鏈夊洓涓浉鍚屽崵鍘熷瓙鐨勫崵浠ｇ儍涓斿垎瀛愪腑鏃犵敳鍩猴紝A鍒嗗瓙涓彧鍚湁涓绉嶅畼鑳藉洟锛屾按瑙ｅ紩鍏-OH寰楀埌B锛灏-OH杩樺師... 鏈夋満鐗〢鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负 ,瀹冨彲閫氳繃涓嶅悓鍖栧鍙嶅簲鍒嗗埆鍒跺緱B銆C銆D鍜E鍥涚... 绛旓細锛1锛夊姣斾互涓婁簲绉鐗╄川锛孋鍜E鐨勫垎瀛愬紡鐩稿悓锛岄兘涓篊 9 H 8 O 2 锛屼絾缁撴瀯涓嶅悓锛屽睘浜庡悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細C鍜孍锛涳紙2锛堿涓惈鏈-HO锛屽彲琚哀鍖栦负-CHO锛屽弽搴旂殑鏂圭▼寮忎负 锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細 锛涙哀鍖栧弽搴旓紱锛3锛堿銆B銆D銆丒涓兘鍚湁-CH 2 -鍩哄洟锛屽叿鏈夌敳鐑风殑缁撴瀯锛屽師瀛愪笉鍙兘鍦ㄥ悓涓骞抽潰涓锛孋鍏锋湁... 鏌鏈夋満鐗〢鐢C銆丠銆丱涓夌鍏冪礌缁勬垚,鍦ㄤ竴瀹氭潯浠朵笅,A銆B銆丆銆D銆E涔嬮棿鐨... 绛旓細鍦170鈩冩潯浠朵笅锛屼箼閱囧彂鐢熸秷鍘诲弽搴旂敓鎴B锛鍒橞鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负CH 2 =CH 2 锛孋琚哀鍖栫敓鎴D锛鍒橠涓篊H 3 COOH锛屼箼閱囧拰涔欓吀鍙戠敓閰寲鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚E锛孍涓篊H 3 COOCH 2 CH 3 锛岋紙1锛塂涓篊H 3 COOH锛屽叾瀹樿兘鍥㈠悕绉版槸缇у熀锛孍鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负CH 3 COOCH 2 CH 3 锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細缇у熀锛汣H 3 COOCH 2 CH 3 锛... 本站交流只代表网友个人观点，与本站立场无关 欢迎反馈与建议，请联系电邮 2024© 车视网