虚拟语气的疑问
\u5173\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u3002\u3002\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14(Subjunctive Mood)\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bed\u6cd5\u9879\u76ee\u662f\u5404\u7c7b\u82f1\u8bed\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8bf4\u8bdd\u4eba\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5047\u8bbe\u3001\u613f\u671b\u3001\u6000\u7591\u6216\u63a8\u6d4b\u3002
\u2160\u7528\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14
\u2488 \u7528if\u6761\u4ef6\u4ece\u53e5\u8868\u793a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u662f\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u6700\u666e\u901a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002
\u2460 \u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5176if \u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u5f62\u5f0f\u7528\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f(be \u4e00\u822c\u7528were)\uff0c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7528would/ should/ could/ might +\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aIf I were in your position I would marry her.
\u2461 \u865a\u62df\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u662f\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0cif \u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u5f62\u5f0f\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u5373had\uff0b\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7528would / should / could / might + have +\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aIf it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.
\u2462 \u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u6392\u9664\u5b58\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u540e\u679c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u60c5\u51b5\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u8fc7\u53bb\u60c5\u51b5\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aIf you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u5728\u9ad8\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u9891\u7387\u9887\u9ad8\u3002
\u2463 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u540e\u679c\u7528\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\uff0c\u800c\u6761\u4ef6\u5374\u7528\u9648\u8ff0\u8bed\u6c14\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\u662f\u9519\u7684\u3002
\u2489 \u9664\u4e86\u8868\u793a\u865a\u5047\u6761\u4ef6\u5916\uff0cif\u4ece\u53e5\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u63a8\u6d4b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u5c06\u6765\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8c08\u4e0d\u4e0a\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u865a\u5047\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6709\u591a\u5927\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u9648\u8ff0\u8bed\u6c14\u7684if\u4ece\u53e5\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u6765\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u63a8\u6d4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u3002If\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u5f62\u5f0f\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u6216\u7528were to / should +\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\uff0c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7528would / should /could/ might +\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aJean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.\uff081996\u5e741\u6708\u56db\u7ea7\u7b2c44\u9898\uff09
\u248a \u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u542b\u6709\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd\u3001\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u3001be\u6216have\u7684\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u8fde\u8bcdif \u7701\u53bb\uff0c\u800c\u5c06had , should, were \u7b49\u8bcd\u63d0\u5230\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5373\u7528\u5012\u88c5\u7ed3\u6784,\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0not\u7b49\u5426\u5b9a\u8bcd\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u8bcd\u9700\u653e\u5728\u4e3b\u8bed\u540e\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u53e3\u8bed\u4e2d\u5f88\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u9891\u9891\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5404\u7c7b\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aIf it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.\u2192Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis.
\u248b \u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e2a\u522b\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ecb\u8bcdwithout\u548c\u4ecb\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bedbut for\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u526f\u8bcdotherwise\u7b49\u8868\u8fbe\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aWe didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.\uff081995\u5e746\u6708\u56db\u7ea7\u7b2c46\u9898\uff09\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5305\u542bbut for\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u5fc5\u5b9a\u8981\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5305\u542bwithout\u7b49\u77ed\u8bed\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u672a\u5fc5\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u3002
\u248c \u6709\u65f6\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u662f\u660e\u786e\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u8574\u542b\u5728\u7528but\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u4ece\u53e5\u91cc\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4fbf\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u6709\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7684\u4e3b\u53e5\u52a0\u4e0a\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u9648\u8ff0\u8bed\u6c14\u7684but\u4ece\u53e5\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5e76\u5217\u590d\u5408\u53e5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u53e5\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u53e5\u7528\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u9519\u7684\u3002
\u2161\u7528\u5728\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14
\u2488 \u5728\u8868\u793a\u613f\u671b\u7684\u52a8\u8bcdwish\u540e\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u3002\uff08wish\u540e\u7684that \u5e38\u7701\u7565\uff09\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e3b\u53e5\u65f6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\u65f6\u6001\u76f8\u5e94\u9000\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aHow she wished his family could go with him.
\u2489 \u5728\u5177\u6709\u613f\u671b\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u5efa\u8bae\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u7b49\u4e3b\u89c2\u610f\u613f\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide \u2026) \u540e\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u9700\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u3002\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528(should) +\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u8bcdnot\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5e94\u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e4b\u540e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aThe head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5982suggest\u8868\u8fbe\u201c\u6697\u793a\u201d\uff0cinsist\u8868\u793a\u201c\u575a\u6301\u67d0\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4ece\u53e5\u4e0d\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aHer pale face suggests that she is ill.\u6216He insisted that he did not kill the boy.
\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e5f\u8981\u6c42\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5f0f
\u2460 \u5728It is+\u4e0a\u8ff0\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u6240\u8ddf\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982It is suggested that pupils wear school uniforms.
\u2461 \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u52a8\u8bcd\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed+\u8fde\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u7684\u8868\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982His suggestion was that classed be re-scheduled.
\u2462 \u5728\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u52a8\u8bcd\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u540c\u4f4d\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\uff1aThe workers raised the demand that their pay be increased to cope with the inflation.
\u248a would \uff08had\uff09rather , would sooner\u4e5f\u7528\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\u4e3b\u89c2\u613f\u671b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u9700\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u3002\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u5728\u6216\u5c06\u6765\uff0c\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aI would rather he went right now.
\u2162\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14
\u2488 it is +necessary\u7b49\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u540e\uff0cthat\u4e3b\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u865a\u62df\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u5305\u62ecnecessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable\u7b49\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982It is necessary that you listen to the teacher carefully.\u6216\u8005It is essential that you be able to pronounce every single word correctly.
\u2489 \u5728It's (high/about) time \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u9700\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u3002\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982It is high time that you went to school
\u248a \u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u5728as if / as though \u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff08\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0ewish\u540e\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u57fa\u672c\u76f8\u540c\uff09\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\u6216\u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aHe felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. \u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\u3002
\u248b \u5728lest \u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u591a\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\uff0c(should )+ \u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.\uff081998\u5e741\u6708\u56db\u7ea7\u7b2c38\u9898\uff09
\u248c \u5728if only \u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u611f\u53f9\u53e5\u4e2d\u9700\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u3002\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u6216\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I had followed your advice.
\u7b80\u6d01\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684
\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e00\u822c\u6307\u7684\u662fif\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\uff09
1 \u5bf9\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u865a\u62df
\u4ece\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662fBE\u52a8\u8bcd\u5c31\u7528were\uff0c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7528would/should/could/might+do
2\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u865a\u62df
\u4ece\u53e5\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7528would/should/could/might+have done
3\u5bf9\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u865a\u62df
\u4ece\u53e5\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5
were to do/ should do/ \u6216\u8005\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7528would/should/could/might+do
Supposing this ship___, do you think there would be enough life jackets for all the passengers?
A) was sinking B) has sunk C) was to srnk D) were to sink
\u5e94\u9009\uff1aD
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u6761\u8239\u8981\u6c89\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u65c5\u5ba2\u90fd\u80fd\u9886\u5230\u6551\u751f\u8863\u5417\uff1f
\u89e3\u6790\uff1asupposing \u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u201d\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8981\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u3002
be to do sth \u5c06\u8981\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b\uff0c\u5728\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684be\u52a8\u8bcd\u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u6362\u6210 were
eg. If I were you,I will study hard.
2.If it did not rain,we would go out.这就是虚拟语气了。表示与现在下雨这个事实相反，即要不是现在在下雨，我们就外出了。
e.g If I have enough money,I will go to the zoo with you.
如果我有足够的钱，我将会和你一起去动物园。（暗含如果钱够我就会去动物园）
If I had enough money,I would go to the zoo with you.
如果我有足够的钱，我将会和你一起去动物园。（暗含事实上我没有足够的钱，没法和你去，表示虚拟)
if it does not rain
是指如果现在不下雨，事实是下了，但假设不下
虚拟语气是事情还没发生就假设了
如果明天不下雨。明天下不下雨还不知道，不是已经发生的事，所以两者不一样
一般来说，虚拟语气从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。比如：假如我是男生 If I were a boy...（它的意思是她本身不是男生）
你说的那个不下雨，应该是一般条件从句，If 引导一般现在时，主句接将来时。所以应该是if it does not rain tomorrow, I will...
我的理解是：因为这个还没有发生，并不一定与事实相反，要是说：如果昨天没有下雨就好了。
昨天已经过去，你很清楚昨天的天气，那么这就是与现实不相符的事实，就应该用虚拟语态。
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绛旓細铏氭嫙璇皵 绗竴閮ㄥ垎锛璇皵鐨瀹氫箟鍜岀绫 1 璇皵(mood)璇皵鏄姩璇嶇殑涓绉嶅舰寮忥紝琛ㄧず璇磋瘽浜哄鏌愪竴琛屼负鎴栦簨鎯呯殑鐪嬫硶鍜屾佸害銆2 璇皵鐨勭绫 鈶淬侀檲杩拌姘旓細琛ㄧず鍔ㄤ綔鎴栫姸鎬佹槸鐜板疄鐨勩佺‘瀹氱殑鎴栫鍚堜簨瀹炵殑锛岀敤浜庨檲杩板彞銆鐤戦棶鍙ュ拰鏌愪簺鎰熷徆鍙ャ傚锛氣憼There are two sides to every question.姣忎釜闂閮芥湁涓や釜鏂归潰...
