乙醛为什么不具有p-π共轭 怎么判断有没有共轭效应？
\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5b66\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u5171\u8f6d\u6548\u5e94\u662f\u7ed9\u7535\u5b50\u8fd8\u662f\u5438\u7535\u5b50\uff0cp\u03c0\u5171\u8f6d\u7ed9\u7535\u5b50\uff0c\u03c0\u03c0\u5171\u8f6d\u5438\u7535\u5b50\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e48\u3002\u53cc\u952e\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u952e\u76f8\u8fde\uff1a\u03c0-\u03c0\u5171\u8f6d
\u5982CH2=CH-HC=O\u3001CH2=CH-CH=CH2
\u542b\u6709\u5b64\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u53cc\u952e\u76f8\u8fde\uff1ap-\u03c0\u5171\u8f6d
\u5982CH2=CH-OH(\u4e59\u919b\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\uff09\u3001CH3-CH=CH-NH-CH3
O\u3001N\u4e0a\u5747\u6709\u5b64\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9
p-\u03c0\u3001\u03c0-\u03c0\u5171\u8f6d\u5747\u6709\u5171\u8f6d\u6548\u5e94\u3002
绛旓細涔欓啗鐨勭粨鏋勶細CH3-CH=O锛屽綋涓庡弻閿師瀛愮浉杩炵殑鍘熷瓙涓婃湁瀛ゅ鐢靛瓙鏃舵墠浼氬瓨鍦p-蟺鍏辫江锛岃屼箼閱涘垎瀛愪腑涓庡弻閿⒊鐩歌繛鐨勫師瀛愪笂娌℃湁瀛ゅ鐢靛瓙锛屽弻閿哀鍘熷瓙涓婁篃娌¤劯鍏朵粬鍘熷瓙锛屾墍浠ュ湪涔欓啗鍒嗗瓙涓笉瀛樺湪p-蟺鍏辫江銆
绛旓細鍙鏄弻閿垨鑰呬笁閿棿闅斿瓨鍦ㄧ殑灏辨槸蟺-蟺鍏辫江銆傚弻閿箣闂撮氳繃涓涓崟閿浉杩烇細蟺-蟺鍏辫江锛屼妇渚嬭鏄庯紱濡侰H2=CH-HC=O銆丆H2=CH-CH=CH2 鍚湁瀛ょ數瀛愬鐨勫師瀛愮洿鎺ヤ笌鍙岄敭鐩歌繛锛p-蟺鍏辫江 濡侰H2=CH-OH(涔欓啗寮傛瀯浣擄級銆丆H3-CH=CH-NH-CH3 O銆丯涓婂潎鏈夊鐢靛瓙瀵 p-蟺銆佅-蟺鍏辫江鍧囨湁鍏辫江鏁堝簲.
绛旓細1.鍗ゅ寲鐑冧腑鐨勫崵绱犱笉鏉傚寲銆2.p-蟺鍏辫江鍙湁鍦╬杞ㄩ亾鐨勬垚瀵圭數瀛愭墠琛岋紝鍏辫江鐨勫師鍥犳槸绾洪敜褰㈢殑p鐢靛瓙浜戝拰褰㈡垚澶閿殑p鐢靛瓙浜戞濂戒篃鏄苟鎺掔殑鑲╁苟鑲╃殑妯″紡銆傝孨杩涜sp3鏉傚寲鍚庯紝鏉傚寲灏辨槸涓涓猻杞ㄩ亾鍜3涓猵杞ㄩ亾閲嶆柊鍙樻垚浜嗗洓涓猻p3杞ㄩ亾锛堝氨鏄鐜板湪绗簩灞傚彧鏈夊洓涓猻p3杞ㄩ亾锛屾病鏈鍘熸潵鐨剆杞ㄩ亾鍜宲杞ㄩ亾浜嗭級銆傚洓涓建...
绛旓細浠涔欓啗涓轰緥锛屼箼閱涚殑伪姘㈠湪纰辨ф椂鏄撹鍙栦唬锛屽洜涓鸿繖涓阿鍏锋湁寮遍吀鎬э紝閰告у皬浜庨唶浣嗗ぇ浜庣倲(浣嗗鏋滄槸涓欎簩閱涳紝涓棿纰充笂鐨勬阿灏变細涓庨唻閰搁吀鎬х浉褰)銆傚師鍥犳湁浜岋細鐢变簬缇板熀鐨勫惛鐢靛瓙璇卞浣滅敤瀵艰嚧閭ｄ釜姘㈡垚涓洪槼绂诲瓙锛涚敓鎴愮殑闃寸瀛愬叿鏈夌儻閱囧紡鍏辨尟缁撴瀯锛屾槸涓涓笁鍘熷瓙鍥涚數瀛愬ぇ蟺閿紝鏄釜鍏辫江浣撶郴锛岃礋鐢佃嵎鐢变笁涓師瀛愪竴璧锋壙...
绛旓細鐢熸垚鐗╁垎瀛愪腑鐨勎-姘㈠師瀛愬悓鏃惰缇板熀鍜屛-纰充笂缇熷熀鎵娲诲寲锛屽洜姝ゅ彧闇绋嶅井鍙楃儹鎴栭吀鐨勪綔鐢ㄥ嵆鍙戠敓鍒嗗瓙鍐呰劚姘磋岀敓鎴愶紝伪锛屛-涓嶉ケ鍜岄啗銆傚嚒鏄-纰充笂鏈夋阿鍘熷瓙鐨勎-缇熷熀閱涖侀叜閮藉鏄撳け鍘讳竴鍒嗗瓙姘淬傝繖鏄洜涓何-姘㈡瘮杈冩椿娉硷紝骞朵笖澶辨按鍚庣殑鐢熸垚鐗鍏锋湁鍏辫江鍙岄敭锛屽洜姝ゆ瘮杈冪ǔ瀹氥傞櫎涔欓啗澶栵紝鐢卞叾浠栭啗鎵寰楀埌鐨勭緹閱...
绛旓細BC涔嬮棿鐨勬瘮杈冿細C鏄儻涓欏瀷鑷敱鍩猴紝鑷敱鐢靛瓙鐨p杞ㄩ亾鍙互涓蟺閿彂鐢鍏辫江锛岃繖涓叡杞綋绯鍏锋湁涓や釜鍏辨尟寮忥紝涓涓槸鎵缁欏嚭鐨勭粨鏋勫紡锛屽彟涓涓槸鎶婂弻閿笌鑷敱鐢靛瓙浣嶇疆瀵硅皟寰楀嚭鐨勭粨鏋勫紡锛岃繖涓よ呴兘鏄疄闄呭瓨鍦ㄧ殑锛岃嚜鐢辩數瀛愮殑涓嶇ǔ瀹氭у疄闄呬笂宸茬粡鐢变袱涓⒊鍘熷瓙鍏卞悓鍒嗘媴锛屾瘮鐢变竴涓⒊鍘熷瓙鎵挎媴鐨勮绋冲畾寰楀浜嗐
绛旓細1锛屼箼鐑唶寰堜笉绋冲畾锛屽睘浜庝腑闂磋繃搴︿骇鐗╋紝浠庣粨鏋勫彲浠ョ湅鍑轰箼鐑唶鐨-OH鏈寮哄惛鐢垫э紝鎵浠ユ渶缁堜骇鐗╁彧鑳芥槸涔欓啗銆2锛岀粨鏋勫喅瀹氭ц川銆傞唶姘у寲鎴愰啗锛屽啀姘у寲鎴愮晶閰革紝杩樺師鏃跺嵈鍙兘浠庣晶閰哥洿鎺ヨ繕鍘熸垚閱囷紝杩欐槑鏄炬槸鍦ㄨ繕鍘熸椂棣栧厛鐮村潖纰虫哀鍙岄敭锛屽舰鎴-OHH+鍙樻垚姘磋劚闄ゃ傚浜庢枃涓彲鑳藉嚭鐜p-蟺鍏辫江杩欐牱鐨勮В閲婏紝鎴戞兂浠栨槸瑕佽鏄...
绛旓細涓嶆槸锛屼笉鏄鍏辫江鍙岄敭澶圭殑鍗曢敭鍜岃嫰涔欑儻涓拰鑻幆鐩存帴鐩歌繛鐨勭⒊纰冲崟閿槸鍚屼竴绉嶇被鍨嬶紝閮藉彲浠ユ棆杞紝搴旇鏄祫鏂欓敊浜嗐備綘瀹炲湪涓嶇‘瀹氾紝鐪嬬湅妯″瀷灏辩煡閬撲簡~
绛旓細涓婚摼缂栧彿鐨勫師鍒欐槸瑕佽涓诲畼鑳藉洟鐨勪綅娆″敖鍙兘灏忋傚弽搴旇繃绋嬩腑锛屼竴鑸槸浜叉牳璇曞墏涓甫璐熺數鑽风殑閮ㄥ垎锛堝嵆浜叉牳閮ㄥ垎锛夊厛杩涙敾搴曠墿涓笉楗卞拰鍖栧閿甫閮ㄥ垎姝ｇ數鑽蜂竴绔師瀛愶紝骞朵笌涔嬫垚閿紝蟺閿柇寮褰㈡垚鍙︿竴绔師瀛愮殑璐熺瀛愪腑闂翠綋锛岀劧鍚庤瘯鍓備腑鐨勪翰鐢甸儴鍒嗕笌璐熺瀛愪腑闂翠綋缁撳悎锛屽舰鎴愪翰鏍稿姞鎴愪骇鐗┿
绛旓細缁撴瀯 閱涚殑閫氬紡涓篟CHO锛-CHO涓洪啗鍩恒傦紙R-鍙互涓嶆槸鐑冨熀锛屼絾鏄笌-CHO涓殑C鍘熷瓙鐩存帴鐩歌繛鐨凴-涓殑鍘熷瓙涓嶈兘鏄疧鍘熷瓙锛屽惁鍒欏氨鏄敳閰告垨閰被锛夈傞啗绫荤殑閫氬紡鏄疪CHO銆傞ケ鍜屼竴鍏冮啗鐨勯氬紡涓篊nH2nO銆涔欓啗鍒嗗瓙寮忎负C2H4O锛岀粨鏋勭畝寮忎负CH3CHO锛屽畼鑳藉洟鏄啗鍩猴紙-CHO锛夐啗鍩烘槸缇板熀(-CO-)鍜屼竴涓狧鍘熷瓙杩炴帴鑰屾垚鐨勫熀鍥...
