1g液态甲醇（CH3OH）完全燃烧，生成CO2气体和液态水，放出aKJ热量。（热化学方程式） （1）实验测得，5g甲醇（CH3OH）在氧气中充分燃烧生成二...
\uff081\uff09\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6d4b\u5f97\uff0c5g\u6db2\u6001\u7532\u9187\uff08CH3OH\uff09\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u5145\u5206\u71c3\u70e7\u751f\u6210\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6c14\u4f53\u548c\u6db2\u6001\u6c34\u65f6\u91ca\u653e\u51fa113.5kJ\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\uff081\uff095gCH3OH\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\u751f\u6210CO2\u548c\u6db2\u6001\u6c34\uff0c\u653e\u51fa113.5kJ\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c64g\u53732molCH3OH\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\u751f\u6210CO2\u548c\u6db2\u6001\u6c34\uff0c\u653e\u51fa1452.8kJ\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u70ed\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a2CH3OH\uff08g\uff09+3O2\uff08g\uff09\u25502CO2\uff08g\uff09+4H2O\uff08l\uff09\u25b3H=-1452.8KJ/mol\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a2CH3OH\uff08g\uff09+3O2\uff08g\uff09\u25502CO2\uff08g\uff09+4H2O\uff08l\uff09\u25b3H=-1452.8KJ/mol\uff1b\uff082\uff09N2\uff08g\uff09+3H2\uff08g\uff09???2NH3\uff08g\uff09\u25b3H=945kJ?mol-1+436kJ?mol-1\u00d73-391kJ?mol-1\u00d76=-93kJ?mol-1=a kJ?mol-1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64a=-93\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a-93\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u2460\u5df2\u77e5\uff1aP4\uff08s\uff0c\u767d\u78f7\uff09+5O2\uff08g\uff09\u2550P4O10\uff08s\uff09\u25b3H=-2983.2kJ?mol-1\u3000\u2460\uff0cP\uff08s\uff0c\u7ea2\u78f7\uff09+54O2\uff08g\uff09\u255014P4O10\uff08s\uff09\u25b3H=-738.5kJ?mol-1\u3000\u2461\uff0c\u636e\u76d6\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u2460-\u2461\u00d74\u53ef\u5f97\uff1aP4\uff08s\uff0c\u767d\u78f7\uff09\u25504P\uff08s\uff0c\u7ea2\u78f7\uff09\u25b3H=-29.2 kJ?mol-1\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aP4\uff08s\uff0c\u767d\u78f7\uff09\u25504P\uff08s\uff0c\u7ea2\u78f7\uff09\u25b3H=-29.2 kJ?mol-1\uff1b\u2461\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u70ed\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u767d\u78f7\u6bd4\u7ea2\u78f7\u80fd\u91cf\u9ad8\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u80fd\u91cf\u8d8a\u4f4e\u8d8a\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7ea2\u78f7\u6bd4\u767d\u78f7\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0e\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\u7ea2\u78f7\uff1b \u4f4e\uff1b\u2462\u767d\u78f7\u6bd4\u7ea2\u78f7\u80fd\u91cf\u9ad8\uff0c\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u7531\u767d\u78f7\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u7ea2\u78f7\u7684\u662fB\uff0c\u6545\u9009B\uff0e
\u89e3\uff1a\uff081\uff095gCH3OH\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\u751f\u6210CO2\u548c\u6db2\u6001\u6c34\uff0c\u653e\u51fa113.5kJ\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c64g\u53732molCH3OH\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u4e2d\u71c3\u70e7\u751f\u6210CO2\u548c\u6db2\u6001\u6c34\uff0c\u653e\u51fa1452.8kJ\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u71c3\u70e7\u70ed\u7684\u70ed\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1aCH3OH\uff08g\uff09+32O2\uff08g\uff09\u2550CO2\uff08g\uff09+2H2O\uff08l\uff09\u25b3H=-726.4KJ/mol\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aCH3OH\uff08g\uff09+32O2\uff08g\uff09\u2550CO2\uff08g\uff09+2H2O\uff08l\uff09\u25b3H=-726.4KJ/mol\uff1b\uff082\uff09N2\uff08g\uff09+3H2\uff08g\uff09???2NH3\uff08g\uff09\u25b3H=945kJ?mol-1+436kJ?mol-1\u00d73-391kJ?mol-1\u00d76=-93kJ?mol-1=a kJ?mol-1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64a=-93\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a-93\uff0e
1g甲醇=1/32摩尔，完全燃烧放出aKJ热量；则1摩尔完全燃烧放出32aKJ热量。所以CH3OH(l)+3/2O2(g)=CO2(g)+2H2O(l) △H=-32aKJ/mol
绛旓細1g鐢查唶=1/32鎽╁皵锛屽畬鍏ㄧ噧鐑ф斁鍑篴KJ鐑噺锛涘垯1鎽╁皵瀹屽叏鐕冪儳鏀惧嚭32aKJ鐑噺銆傛墍浠CH3OH(l)+3/2O2(g)=CO2(g)+2H2O(l) 鈻矵=-32aKJ/mol
绛旓細锛1锛夊湪25鈩冦101kPa涓嬶紝1g鐢查唶锛圕H3OH锛鐕冪儳鐢熸垚CO2鍜娑叉姘存椂鏀剧儹22.68kJ锛32g鐢查唶鐕冪儳鐢熸垚浜屾哀鍖栫⒊鍜屾恫鎬佹按鏀惧嚭鐑噺涓725.76KJ锛涘垯琛ㄧず鐢查唶鐕冪儳鐑殑鐑寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡涓猴細CH3OH锛坙锛+32O2锛坓锛=CO2锛坓锛+2H2O锛坙锛夆柍H=-725.76kJ?mol-1锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細CH3OH锛坙锛+32O2锛坓锛=CO2锛坓锛+2H2O锛...
绛旓細鏄儹鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忓惂锛鐢查唶CH3OH锛岀浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲32锛屾墍浠2mol鐢查唶鏈64g锛屽畬鍏ㄧ噧鐑ф斁鍑22.68*64=1451.52KJ鎵浠2CH3OH(g)+3O2(g)=2CO2(g)+4H2O(l) 鈻矵=1451.52KJ/mol
绛旓細锛1锛1g鐢查唶鐕冪儳鐢熸垚CO2鍜娑叉姘存椂鏀剧儹22.68kJ锛屽垯64g鐢查唶鍗2mol鐢查唶鐕冪儳鏀剧殑鐑噺涓1452kJ锛岃岀噧鐑х儹鏄寚1mol鍙噧鐗瀹屽叏鐕冪儳鐢熸垚绋冲畾鐨勬哀鍖栫墿鏀惧嚭鐨勭儹閲忥紝鍒欑敳閱囩噧鐑х儹鐨勭儹鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忎负CH3OH锛坙锛+32O2锛坓锛夆啋CO2锛坓锛+2H2O锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細CH3OH锛坙锛+32O2锛坓锛夆啋CO2锛坓锛+2H2O锛坙锛夆柍H=-72...
绛旓細锛1锛夊湪25鈩冦101kPa涓嬶紝1g鐢查唶锛圕H3OH锛鐕冪儳鐢熸垚CO2鍜娑叉姘存椂鏀剧儹22.68kJ锛1mol鐢查唶瀹屽叏鐕冪儳鐢熸垚浜屾哀鍖栫⒊鍜屾恫鎬佹按鏀剧儹涓22.68kJ脳32=725.76KJ锛屾墍浠ョ敳閱囩噧鐑х儹鐨勭儹鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忎负CH3OH锛坙锛+32O2锛坓锛夆晲CO2锛坓锛+2H2O锛坙锛夆柍H=-725.76 kJ?mol-1锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細CH3OH锛坙锛+32O2锛坓锛夆晲CO2...
绛旓細銆愮瓟妗堣В鏋愩戣瘯棰樺垎鏋愶細(1)鍦25鈩冦101kPa涓嬶紝1g娑叉佺敳閱囷紙CH3OH锛鐕冪儳鐢熸垚CO2鍜屾恫鎬佹按鏃舵斁鐑22.68kJ锛屾墍浠1mol娑叉佺敳閱囷紙CH3OH锛夌噧鐑х敓鎴怌O2鍜屾恫鎬佹按鏃舵斁鐑负32*22.68=725.76kJ锛屾墍浠ョ敳閱囩噧鐑х儹鐨勭儹鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忎负CH3OH(l)锛婳2(g)===CO2(g)锛2H2O(l)螖H锛濓紞725.76kJ/mol锛23g NO2鍗充负0...
绛旓細锛1锛夊湪25鈩冦101kPa涓嬶紝1g鐢查唶锛圕H3OH锛鐕冪儳鐢熸垚CO2鍜娑叉姘存椂鏀剧儹22.68kJ锛1mol鐢查唶瀹屽叏鐕冪儳鐢熸垚浜屾哀鍖栫⒊鍜屾恫鎬佹按鏀剧儹725.76KJ锛屽垯鐢查唶鐕冪儳鐑殑鐑寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡涓猴細CH3OH锛坙锛+32O2锛坓锛夆晲CO2锛坓锛+2H2O锛坙锛夆柍H=-725.76 kJ?mol-1锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細CH3OH锛坙锛+32O2锛坓锛夆晲CO2锛坓锛+2H2O锛坙...
绛旓細锛1锛夊湪25鈩冦101kPa涓嬶紝1g鐢查唶锛圕H3OH锛鐕冪儳鐢熸垚CO2鍜娑叉姘存椂鏀剧儹22.68kJ锛屽垯32g鐢查唶鍗1mol鐢查唶瀹屽叏鐕冪儳鐢熸垚浜屾哀鍖栫⒊鍜屾恫鎬佹按鏀惧嚭鐨勭儹閲=22.68kJ1g脳32g=725.8kJ锛屽叾鐑寲瀛﹀弽搴旀柟绋嬪紡涓篊H3OH锛坙锛+32O2锛坓锛=CO2锛坓锛+2H2O锛坙锛夆柍H=-725.8KJ/mol锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細CH3OH锛坙锛+32O2锛坓锛=...
绛旓細锛1锛夊湪25鈩冦101kPa涓嬶紝1g鐢查唶锛圕H3OH锛鐕冪儳鐢熸垚CO2鍜娑叉姘存椂鏀剧儹22.68kJ锛32g鐢查唶鐕冪儳鐢熸垚CO2鍜屾恫鎬佹按鏃舵斁鐑22.68kJ脳32=725.76kJ锛1mol鐢查唶璐ㄩ噺涓32鍏嬶紝鎵浠瀹屽叏鐕冪儳1mol鐢查唶鐢熸垚浜屾哀鍖栫⒊鍜屾恫鎬佹按鏀剧儹725.8KJ锛岀噧鐑х儹鐨勭儹鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忎负锛欳H3OH锛坙锛+32O2锛坓锛夆晲CO2锛坓锛+2H2O锛坙锛夆柍H=-...
绛旓細1molCH3OH闇瑕1.5molO2姘у寲锛屼篃灏辨槸1g鐢查唶瀵瑰簲鐨凜OD鏄紙1.5x32锛/32=1.5g銆傚湪娴嬪畾BOD鏃剁敳閱囨湁閮ㄥ垎浼氳鍚屽寲鎺夛紙鎴愪负寰敓鐗╃殑涓閮ㄥ垎锛夋垨鑰呭叾浠栧師鍥犲鑷村井鐢熺墿涓嶈兘灏嗙敳閱囧叏閮ㄦ哀鍖栵紝鍥犳瑕佸湪COD涓婇潰涔樹竴涓粡楠岀郴鏁帮紝杩欎釜绯绘暟澶ф鏄0.5宸﹀彸锛堜笉鍚岀殑姘达紝涓嶅悓鐨勭幆澧冩潯浠朵笅鏄笉涓鏍风殑锛岃鍋氬疄楠岀‘瀹氾級...
