有哪位日语高手给解释一下”未然形”是怎么回事 日语中的未然形是什么意思呢
\u65e5\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u672a\u7136\u5f62\u5177\u4f53\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\u6cd5\uff1f\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u8ffd\u52a0\u91cd\u8c22\u4e00\uff0c\u672a\u7136\u5f62
1 \u53d8\u5316\u89c4\u5219
\u2460 \u4e94\u6bb5\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1a\u52a8\u8bcd\u8bcd\u5c3e\u53d8\u6210\u5176\u6240\u5728\u884c\u7684\u3042\u6bb5\u5b57\u3002
\u8aad\u3080\uff08\u3088\u3080\uff09 \u300c\u8bcd\u5c3e\u6240\u5728\u884c\uff1a\u307e\u884c\u3001\u3042\u6bb5\u5b57\uff1a\u307e\u300d\uff1d\uff1d\u3088\u307e
\u4e66\u304f\uff08\u304b\u304f\uff09 \u300c\u8bcd\u5c3e\u6240\u5728\u884c\uff1a\u304b\u884c\u3001\u3042\u6bb5\u5b57\uff1a\u304b\u300d\uff1d\uff1d\u304b\u304b
\u6b7b\u306c\uff08\u3057\u306c\uff09\u300c\u8bcd\u5c3e\u6240\u5728\u884c\uff1a\u306a\u884c\u3001\u3042\u6bb5\u5b57\uff1a\u306a\u300d\uff1d\uff1d\u3057\u306a
\u547c\u3076\uff08\u547c\u3076\uff09\u300c\u8bcd\u5c3e\u6240\u5728\u884c\uff1a\u3070\u884c\u3001\u3042\u6bb5\u5b57\uff1a\u3070\u300d\uff1d\uff1d\u3088\u3070
\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\uff08\u3042\u304c\u308b\uff09\u300c\u8bcd\u5c3e\u6240\u5728\u884c\uff1a\u3089\u884c\u3001\u3042\u6bb5\u5b57\uff1a\u3089\u300d\uff1d\uff1d\u3042\u304c\u3089
\u5207\u308b\uff08\u304d\u308b\uff09\u300c\u8bcd\u5c3e\u6240\u5728\u884c\uff1a\u3089\u884c\u3001\u3042\u6bb5\u5b57\uff1a\u3089\u300d\uff1d\uff1d\u304d\u3089
\u2461 \u4e00\u6bb5\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1a\u53bb\u6389\u52a8\u8bcd\u8bcd\u5c3e\u4e2d\u7684\u308b\u3002
\u98df\u3079\u308b\uff08\u305f\u3079\u308b\uff09\u300c\u53bb\u6389\u52a8\u8bcd\u8bcd\u5c3e\u4e2d\u7684\u308b\u300d\uff1d\uff1d\u305f\u3079
\u8d77\u304d\u308b\uff08\u304a\u304d\u308b\uff09\u300c\u53bb\u6389\u52a8\u8bcd\u8bcd\u5c3e\u4e2d\u7684\u308b\u300d\uff1d\uff1d\u304a\u304d
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\u5bdd\u308b\uff08\u306d\u308b\uff09\u300c\u53bb\u6389\u52a8\u8bcd\u8bcd\u5c3e\u4e2d\u7684\u308b\u300d\uff1d\uff1d\u306d
\u2462\u30b5\u53d8\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u3059\u308b\u5206\u522b\u53d8\u6210\u3057\u3001\u3055\u3001\u305b\u3002
\u3059\u308b\uff1d\uff1d\u3057\u3001\u3055\u3001\u305b\u3002
\u52c9\u5f3a\u3059\u308b\uff1d\uff1d\u52c9\u5f3a\u3057\u3001\u52c9\u5f3a\u3055\u3001\u52c9\u5f3a\u305b\u3002
\u2463\u30ab\u53d8\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1a\u304f\u308b\u53d8\u6210\u3053\u3002
\u6765\u308b\uff08\u304f\u308b\uff09\uff1d\uff1d\u3053
2 \u5404\u79cd\u5b9e\u7528\u4f8b
A \u5426\u5b9a\uff1a\u672a\u7136\u5f62+\u306a\u3044
\u2460 \u79c1\u306f\u672c\u3092\u8aad\u307e\u306a\u3044\u3002\uff08\u6211\u4e0d\u8bfb\u4e66\u3002\uff09
\u2461 \u7530\u4e2d\u3055\u3093\u306f\u6669\u5fa1\u996d\u3092\u98df\u3079\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002\uff08\u7530\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5403\u665a\u996d\u3002\uff09
\u2462 \u6bce\u65e5\u6e38\u3093\u3067\u52c9\u5f3a\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\uff08\u6bcf\u5929\u73a9\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\uff09
\u2463\u4eca\u65e5\u306f\u65e5\u66dc\u65e5\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5c71\u7530\u3055\u3093\u306f\u6765\u306a\u3044\u3002\uff08\u4eca\u5929\u662f\u661f\u671f\u65e5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c71\u7530\u4e0d\u6765\u3002\uff09
B \u88ab\u52a8\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a\u672a\u7136\u5f62+\u308c\u308b\u3001\u3089\u308c\u308b
\u2460 \u5f1f\u306f\u5144\u306b\u6bb4\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3002\uff08\u5f1f\u5f1f\u88ab\u54e5\u54e5\u6253\u4e86\u3002\uff09
\u2461 \u7720\u304f\u3066\u3001\u671d\u65e9\u304f\u8d77\u304d\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002\uff08\u592a\u56f0\u4e86\uff0c\u65e9\u6668\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d77\u65e9\u3002\uff09
\u2462 \u6388\u4e1a\u4e2d\u8bdd\u3092\u3057\u3066\u5148\u751f\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\uff08\u4e0a\u8bfe\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u88ab\u8001\u5e08\u6279\u8bc4\u4e86\u3002\uff09
\u2463 \u9053\u8def\u304c\u6e0b\u6ede\u3067\u65e9\u304f\u6765\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002\uff08\u9053\u8def\u62e5\u6324\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u65e9\u6765\u3002\uff09
C \u656c\u8bed\uff1a\u672a\u7136\u5f62+\u308c\u308b\u3001\u3089\u308c\u308b
\u2460 \u5c0f\u6797\u5148\u751f\u306f\u3044\u3064\u3082\u304a\u5b85\u3067\u65b0\u95fb\u3092\u8aad\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff08\u5c0f\u6797\u5148\u751f\u603b\u662f\u5728\u5bb6\u8bfb\u62a5\u7eb8\u3002\uff09
\u2461 \u4f50\u85e4\u5148\u751f\u306f\u5b66\u6821\u307e\u3067\u8fdc\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u671d\u65e9\u304f\u8d77\u304d\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff08\u4f50\u85e4\u5148\u751f\u5bb6\u79bb\u5b66\u6821\u5f88\u8fdc\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5929\u65e9\u6668\u5f88\u65e9\u8d77\u5e8a\u3002\uff09
\u2462 \u793e\u957f\u306f\u4f1a\u8bae\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff08\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u4f1a\u3002\uff09
\u2463 \u4eca\u671d\u90e8\u957f\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u65e9\u304f\u6765\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff08\u4eca\u5929\u65e9\u6668\u90e8\u957f\u6765\u5f97\u5f88\u65e9\u3002\uff09
D \u4f7f\u5f79\uff1a\u672a\u7136\u5f62+\u305b\u308b\u3001\u3055\u305b\u308b
\u2460 \u6bcd\u306f\u59b9\u3092\u4e70\u3044\u7269\u306b\u884c\u304b\u305b\u308b\u3002\uff08\u6bcd\u4eb2\u8ba9\u59b9\u59b9\u53bb\u4e70\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\uff09
\u2461 \u770b\u62a4\u5987\u306f\u60a3\u8005\u306b\u304a\u7ca5\u3092\u98df\u3079\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\uff08\u62a4\u58eb\u5582\u75c5\u4eba\u5403\u7a00\u996d\u3002\uff09
\u2462 \u5148\u751f\u306f\u5b66\u751f\u306b\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u6717\u8aad\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\uff08\u8001\u5e08\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u8bfb\u8bfe\u6587\uff09
\u2463 \u4eb2\u621a\u304c\u5f15\u8d8a\u3057\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u6bcd\u306f\u79c1\u3092\u624b\u4f1d\u3044\u306b\u6765\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff08\u4eb2\u621a\u8981\u642c\u5bb6\uff0c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u6d3e\u6211\u6765\u5e2e\u5fd9\u3002\uff09
E \u88ab\u5f79\uff1a\u672a\u7136\u5f62+\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3001\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u308b
\u2460 \u884c\u304d\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6bcd\u306b\u75c5\u9662\u3078\u884c\u304b\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff08\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u53bb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u88ab\u6bcd\u4eb2\u903c\u7740\uff0c\u53bb\u4e86\u533b\u9662\u3002\uff09
\u2461 \u5b50\u4f9b\u306e\u65f6\u306f\u98df\u3079\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044\u7269\u3092\u6ca2\u5c71\u98df\u3079\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff08\u4e0b\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u60f3\u5403\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u90fd\u88ab\u903c\u7740\u5403\u4e86\u3002\uff09
\u2462 \u7686\u306e\u4ef2\u95f4\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3068\u3001\u3057\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u307e\u3067\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff08\u548c\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u88ab\u903c\u7740\u5e72\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u60f3\u5e72\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\uff09
\u2463 \u6bce\u65e5\u5b66\u6821\u306b\u6765\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u3082\u4f55\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u5206\u304b\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\uff08\u6bcf\u5929\u88ab\u903c\u7740\u4e0a\u5b66\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fde\u81ea\u5df1\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\uff09
F \u5426\u5b9a\u63a8\u91cf\u548c\u5426\u5b9a\u610f\u5fd7\uff08\u4e94\u6bb5\u52a8\u8bcd\u9664\u5916\uff09\uff1a
\u672a\u7136\u5f62+\u307e\u3044\uff08\u5176\u4ed6\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec8\u6b62\u5f62\uff0b\u307e\u3044\uff09
\u2460 \u3053\u3093\u306a\u9178\u3063\u3071\u3044\u679c\u7269\u306f\u4e8c\u5ea6\u3068\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3044\u3002\uff08\u8fd9\u6837\u9178\u7684\u6c34\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5403\u4e86\u3002\uff09
\u2461 \u5929\u6c17\u304c\u60aa\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6d45\u7530\u3055\u3093\u306f\u6765\u307e\u3044\u3002\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u5929\u6c14\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6d45\u7530\u5148\u751f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6765\u4e86\u3002\uff09
\u672a\u7136\u5f62\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u79cd:
1\u3001\u53eb\u306a\u3044\u5f62,\u662f\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u53d8\u5f62\u53e3\u51b3:\u4e94\u6bb5\u672a\u7136\u5728\u3042\u6bb5,\u30ab\uff08\u6307\u30ab\u53d8\u52a8\u8bcd)\u53d8\u304d\u3001\u30b5(\u6307\u30b5\u53d8\u52a8\u8bcd)\u53d8\u3057\u3001\u4e00\u6bb5\u53bb\u308b\u7528\u8bcd\u5e72\u3002
2\u3001\u4e5f\u53eb\u610f\u5fd7\u5f62,\u4e5f\u79f0\u672a\u7136\u5f62\u591a\u63a5\u3046\u3001\u3088\u3046\u3002\u53d8\u5f62\u53e3\u51b3\uff1a\u4e94\u6bb5\u610f\u5fd7\u5728\u304a\u6bb5\uff0c\u30ab\uff08\u6307\u30ab\u53d8\u52a8\u8bcd)\u53d8\u6765\u3088\u3046\u30b5(\u6307\u30b5\u53d8\u52a8\u8bcd)\u53d8\u3057\u3088\u3046\uff0c\u4e00\u6bb5\u53bb\u308b\u63a5\uff0c\u3088\u3046\u5176\u5b9e\u610f\u5fd7\u5f62\u662f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u7684\u7b80\u4f53\u3002
\u5982\uff1a\u4eca\u5468\u306e\u5468\u672b\u3001\u6e38\u3073\u306b\u884c\u3053\u3046\u3002
\u4eca\u5468\u306e\u5468\u672b\u3001\u6e38\u3073\u306b\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002
\u4e24\u53e5\u610f\u601d\u76f8\u540c\u3002
\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599\uff1a
\u672a\u7136\u5f62\u7684\u53d8\u5f62\u89c4\u5f8b
\uff081\uff09\u4e94\u6bb5\u6d3b\u7528\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u672a\u7136\u5f62
\u4e94\u6bb5\u52a8\u8bcd\u672a\u7136\u5f62\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f
\u9664\u63a5\u63a8\u91cf\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u53d8\u5316\u89c4\u5f8b\u4e3a\uff1a\u8bcd\u5c3e\u300c\u3046\u300d\u6bb5\u5047\u540d\u53d8\u6210\u300c\u3042\u300d\u6bb5\u5047\u540d\u3002
\u63a5\u63a8\u91cf\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u53d8\u5316\u89c4\u5f8b\u4e3a\uff1a\u8bcd\u5c3e\u300c\u3046\u300d\u6bb5\u5047\u540d\u53d8\u6210\u300c\u304a\u300d\u6bb5\u5047\u540d\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u4e00\u6bb5\u6d3b\u7528\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u672a\u7136\u5f62
\u53d8\u5316\u89c4\u5f8b\u4e3a\uff1a\u53bb\u6389\u8bcd\u5c3e\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5047\u540d\u300c\u308b\u300d\u3002
\uff083\uff09\u30ab\u884c\u53d8\u683c\u6d3b\u7528\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u672a\u7136\u5f62
\u300c\u6765\uff08\u304f\uff09\u308b\u300d\u53d8\u4e3a\u300c\u6765\uff08\u3053\uff09\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u30ab\u53d8\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u672a\u7136\u5f62\u3002
\uff084\uff09\u30b5\u884c\u53d8\u683c\u6d3b\u7528\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u672a\u7136\u5f62
\u300c\u3059\u308b\u300d\u7684\u672a\u7136\u5f62\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u628a\u300c\u3059\u308b\u300d\u6539\u6210\u300c\u3057\u300d\u3001\u300c\u305b\u300d\u3001\u300c\u3055\u300d\u6839\u636e\u540e\u9762\u63a5\u7684\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002
\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1--\u672a\u7136\u5f62
即: 未然形、连用形、连体形、终止形、命令形、仮定形
连体形＋のだろう。 这里主要是 形式体言「の」的用法, 把动词句转化为判断句,有解释及说明的语气.
表示 是~吧.
未然形的作用是后续一些 助动词 如: 否定の助动词 ない、被动或可能等的助动词 れる／られる、使役助动词 せる／させる、古日语的否定助动词 ぬ 等.
绛旓細銇裤仠銈撱鏈劧銆戞湭鐒
绛旓細杩炰綋褰紜銇仩銈嶃亞銆傘杩欓噷涓昏鏄褰㈠紡浣撹█銆屻伄銆嶇殑鐢ㄦ硶, 銆鎶婂姩璇嶅彞杞寲涓哄垽鏂彞,鏈瑙ｉ噴鍙婅鏄庣殑璇皵.琛ㄧず 鏄瘇鍚.鏈劧褰㈢殑浣滅敤鏄悗缁竴浜 鍔╁姩璇 濡: 鍚﹀畾銇姪鍔ㄨ瘝銆銇亜銆佽鍔ㄦ垨鍙兘绛夌殑鍔╁姩璇 銈屻倠锛忋倝銈屻倠銆佷娇褰瑰姪鍔ㄨ瘝 銇涖倠锛忋仌銇涖倠銆佸彜鏃ヨ鐨勫惁瀹氬姪鍔ㄨ瘝 銇绛.
绛旓細鏈劧涔熷氨鏄繕娌℃湁鍙戠敓銆傚氨鏄帴鍚﹀畾鐨勨溿仾銇勨濇垨涓嶅お甯哥敤鐨勨溿伂鈥濇椂鐨勫舰寮忋傛墍浠ユ垜浠竴鑸篃鍙畠鈥欌欍仾銇勫舰鈥
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绛旓細鏈劧鍙互鐢ㄦ潵鎸囨湭鏉ュ彲鑳藉彂鐢熺殑鎯呭喌锛屽己璋冩煇绉嶆儏鍐垫垨琛屼负鐩墠杩樻病鏈夋垚涓轰簨瀹烇紝灏氭湭鍏蜂綋瀹炵幇銆傚畠涓庡畬鎴愩佽繃鍘绘垨鐜板湪宸茬粡鍙戠敓鐨勪簨鎯呭舰鎴愬姣斻傚湪鏃ヨ涓紝鏈劧褰㈠紡閫氬父鐢ㄤ簬琛ㄧず鍚﹀畾銆佹潯浠舵垨寤鸿銆備緥濡傦紝鏈劧褰㈠紡鍙互鐢ㄦ潵琛ㄧず涓嶅彲鑳界殑鎯呭喌銆佸亣璁剧殑鏉′欢锛屾垨鑰呮彁鍑哄缓璁佽姹傜瓑銆傝繖绉嶈娉曞舰寮忓甫鏈夋帹娴嬨佸亣璁剧殑鍚箟锛岀敤鏉...
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绛旓細褰㈠璇嶇殑鏈劧褰紝鏄妸璇嶅熬--銇 鍙樻垚 -銇嬨倣锛嬨亞锛堟帹娴嬪姪鍔ㄨ瘝锛夋瀯鎴愮畝浣撴帹閲忓舰寮忥紝琛ㄧず鎺ㄦ祴銆備笉杩囪繖绉嶇畝浣撴帹閲忓ぇ澶氱敤鍦ㄤ功闈綋锛屼細璇濅腑涓鑸槸鐢 缁堟褰紜銇犮倣銇 / 銇с仐銈囥亞锛屾瘮濡 瀵掋亱銈嶃亞 鈫 瀵掋亜銇犮倣銇嗐佸瘨銇勩仹銇椼倗銇嗐
