动物生物化学名词解释 什么是Eman测定？ 动物生物化学里面的一个名词解释。
\u6c42\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u540d\u8bcd\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0
1,\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\uff08amino acid\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u542b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u78b1\u6027\u6c28\u57fa\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9178\u6027\u7fa7\u57fa\u7684\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u6c28\u57fa\u4e00\u822c\u8fde\u5728\u03b1-\u78b3\u4e0a\u3002
2\uff0c\u5fc5\u9700\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\uff08essential amino acid\uff09\uff1a\u6307\u4eba\uff08\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u810a\u690e\u52a8\u7269\uff09\uff08\u8d56\u6c28\u9178\uff0c\u82cf\u6c28\u9178\u7b49\uff09\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u80fd\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u98df\u7269\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u3002
3\uff0c\u975e\u5fc5\u9700\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\uff08nonessential amino acid\uff09\uff1a\u6307\u4eba\uff08\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u810a\u690e\u52a8\u7269\uff09\u81ea\u5df1\u80fd\u7531\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u524d\u4f53\u5408\u6210
\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u98df\u7269\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u3002
4\uff0c\u7b49\u7535\u70b9\uff08pI,isoelectric point\uff09\uff1a\u4f7f\u5206\u5b50\u5904\u4e8e\u517c\u6027\u5206\u5b50\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5728\u7535\u573a\u4e2d\u4e0d\u8fc1\u79fb\uff08\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u9759\u7535\u8377\u4e3a\u96f6\uff09\u7684pH\u503c\u3002
5\uff0c\u831a\u4e09\u916e\u53cd\u5e94\uff08ninhydrin reaction\uff09\uff1a\u5728\u52a0\u70ed\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6216\u80bd\u4e0e\u831a\u4e09\u916e\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u7d2b\u8272\uff08\u4e0e\u812f\u6c28\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u9ec4\u8272\uff09\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002
6\uff0c\u80bd\u952e\uff08peptide bond\uff09:\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u7684\u7fa7\u57fa\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u6c28\u57fa\u7684\u6c28\u57fa\u7f29\u5408\uff0c\u9664\u53bb\u4e00\u5206\u5b50\u6c34\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u9170\u6c28\u952e\u3002
7\uff0c\u80bd\uff08peptide\uff09:\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6c28\u57fa\u901a\u8fc7\u80bd\u952e\u5171\u4ef7\u8fde\u63a5\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002
8\uff0c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u4e00\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff08primary structure\uff09\uff1a\u6307\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u4e2d\u5171\u4ef7\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u7684\u6392\u5217\u987a\u5e8f\u3002
9\uff0c\u5c42\u6790\uff08chromatography\uff09:\u6309\u7167\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u76f8\u548c\u56fa\u5b9a\u76f8 \uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6c14\u4f53\u6216\u6db2\u4f53\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u914d\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c06\u6df7\u5408\u6210\u5206\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002
10\uff0c\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u5c42\u6790\uff08ion-exchange column\uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u5e26\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5e26\u7535\u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u805a\u5408\u6811\u8102\u6216\u51dd\u80f6\u5c42\u6790\u67f1
11\uff0c\u900f\u6790\uff08dialysis\uff09\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u7ecf\u8fc7\u534a\u900f\u819c\u6269\u6563\u5230\u6c34\uff08\u6216\u7f13\u51b2\u6db2\uff09\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5c06\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5206\u79bb\u7eaf\u5316\u6280\u672f\u3002
12\uff0c\u51dd\u80f6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5c42\u6790\uff08gel filtration chromatography\uff09\uff1a\u4e5f\u53eb\u505a\u5206\u5b50\u6392\u963b\u5c42\u6790\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u5229\u7528\u5e26\u5b54\u51dd\u80f6\u73e0\u4f5c\u57fa\u8d28\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u5206\u5b50\u5927\u5c0f\u5206\u79bb\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u5206\u5b50\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5c42\u6790\u6280\u672f\u3002
13\uff0c\u4eb2\u5408\u5c42\u6790\uff08affinity chromatograph\uff09\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u5171\u4ef7\u8fde\u63a5\u6709\u7279\u5f02\u914d\u4f53\u7684\u5c42\u6790\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c\u5206\u79bb\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u80fd\u7279\u5f02\u7ed3\u5408\u914d\u4f53\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5c42\u6790\u6280\u672f\u3002
14\uff0c\u9ad8\u538b\u6db2\u76f8\u5c42\u6790\uff08HPLC\uff09\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u9897\u7c92\u6781\u7ec6\u7684\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c\u5728\u9ad8\u538b\u4e0b\u5206\u79bb\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u5b50\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5c42\u6790\u6280\u672f\u3002
15\uff0c\u51dd\u80f6\u7535\u6cf3\uff08gel electrophoresis\uff09\uff1a\u4ee5\u51dd\u80f6\u4e3a\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c\u5728\u7535\u573a\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u5206\u79bb\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6216\u6838\u9178\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u7eaf\u5316\u6280\u672f\u3002
16\uff0cSDS-\u805a\u4e19\u70ef\u9170\u6c28\u51dd\u80f6\u7535\u6cf3\uff08SDS-PAGE\uff09\uff1a\u5728\u53bb\u6c61\u5242\u5341\u4e8c\u70f7\u57fa\u786b\u9178\u94a0\u5b58\u5728\u4e0b\u7684\u805a\u4e19\u70ef\u9170\u6c28\u51dd\u80f6\u7535\u6cf3\u3002SDS-PAGE\u53ea\u662f\u6309\u7167\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5206\u5b50\u6240\u5e26\u7684\u7535\u8377\u5927\u5c0f\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u3002
17\uff0c\u7b49\u7535\u805a\u80f6\u7535\u6cf3\uff08IFE\uff09\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u6db2\uff08\u4e24\u6027\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff09\u5728\u805a\u4e19\u70ef\u9170\u6c28\u51dd\u80f6\u5236\u9020\u4e00\u4e2apH\u68af\u5ea6\uff0c\u7535\u6cf3\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u7b49\u7535\u70b9\uff08pI\uff09\u5904\uff0c\u5373\u68af\u5ea6\u8db3\u7684\u67d0\u4e00pH\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u5e26\u6709\u51c0\u7684\u6b63\u6216\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u4e86\u3002
18\uff0c\u53cc\u5411\u7535\u6cf3\uff08two-dimensional electrophorese\uff09\uff1a\u7b49\u7535\u805a\u80f6\u7535\u6cf3\u548cSDS-PAGE\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5373\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u7b49\u7535\u805a\u80f6\u7535\u6cf3\uff08\u6309\u7167pI\uff09\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884cSDS-PAGE\uff08\u6309\u7167\u5206\u5b50\u5927\u5c0f\u5206\u79bb\uff09\u3002\u7ecf\u67d3\u8272\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7535\u6cf3\u56fe\u662f\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u56fe\u3002
19\uff0cEdman\u964d\u89e3\uff08Edman degradation\uff09\uff1a\u4ece\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\u6e38\u79bb\u7684N\u672b\u7aef\u6d4b\u5b9a\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002N\u672b\u7aef\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u88ab\u82ef\u5f02\u786b\u6c30\u9178\u916f\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\u4e0a\u5207\u4e0b\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u6b8b\u57fa\uff0c\u518d\u7ecf\u5c42\u6790\u9274\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f59\u4e0b\u7684\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\uff08\u5c11\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b8b\u57fa\uff09\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u964d\u89e3\u5faa\u73af\u3002
20\uff0c\u540c\u6e90\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\uff08homologous protein\uff09\uff1a\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u3002
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0
1\uff0c\u6784\u5f62\uff08configuration):\u6709\u673a\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u7279\u6709\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6392\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6392\u5217\u4e0d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u5f62\u6210\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u6784\u5f62\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u5f80\u5f80\u4f7f\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u6d3b\u6027\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002
2\uff0c\u6784\u8c61\uff08conformation):\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ec5\u5355\u952e\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u653e\u7f6e\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6392\u5e03\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u6784\u8c61\u6539\u53d8\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6784\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u6784\u8c61\u6539\u53d8\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u6d3b\u6027\u3002
3\uff0c\u80bd\u5355\u4f4d\uff08peptide unit\uff09:\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a\u80bd\u57fa\uff08peptide group\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u80bd\u952e\u4e3b\u94fe\u4e0a\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u662f\u7531\u53c2\u4e8e\u80bd\u94fe\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u76844\u4e2a\u53d6\u4ee3\u6210\u5206\uff1a\u7fb0\u57fa\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u9170\u6c28\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u90bb\u03b1-\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u9762\u5355\u4f4d\u3002
4\uff0c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff08protein\u5728\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u5c40\u5e03\u533a\u57df\u5185\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u7684\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6392\u5217\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6709\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u03b1-\u87ba\u65cb\u548c\u03b2-\u6298\u53e0\u3002\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9aa8\u67b6\u4e0a\u7684\u7fb0\u57fa\u548c\u9170\u80fa\u57fa\u56e2\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6c22\u952e\u7ef4\u6301\u7684\u3002
5\uff0c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u4e09\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff08protein tertiary structure\uff09: \u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5206\u5b50\u5904\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u5929\u7136\u6298\u53e0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u6784\u8c61\u3002\u4e09\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5728\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u76d8\u7ed5\uff0c\u6298\u53e0\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4e09\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u9760\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u4fa7\u94fe\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u758f\u6c34\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6c22\u952e\uff0c\u8303\u5fb7\u534e\u529b\u548c\u76d0\u952e\u7ef4\u6301\u7684\u3002
6\uff0c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u56db\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff08protein quaternary structure\uff09:\u591a\u4e9a\u57fa\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u591a\u80bd\uff08\u4e9a\u57fa\uff09\u4ee5\u9002\u5f53\u65b9\u5f0f\u805a\u5408\u6240\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\u3002
7\uff0c\u03b1-\u87ba\u65cb\uff08\u03b1-heliv\uff09:\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u80bd\u94fe\u4e3b\u94fe\u7ed5\u5047\u60f3\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8f74\u76d8\u7ed5\u6210\u87ba\u65cb\u72b6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u53f3\u624b\u87ba\u65cb\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u87ba\u65cb\u662f\u9760\u94fe\u5185\u6c22\u952e\u7ef4\u6301\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\uff08\u7b2cn\u4e2a\uff09\u7684\u7fb0\u57fa\u4e0e\u591a\u80bd\u94feC\u7aef\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u7b2c4\u4e2a\u6b8b\u57fa\uff08\u7b2c4+n\u4e2a\uff09\u7684\u9170\u80fa\u6c2e\u5f62\u6210\u6c22\u952e\u3002\u5728\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u53f3\u624b\u03b1-\u87ba\u65cb\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u87ba\u8ddd\u4e3a0.54nm\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5708\u542b\u67093.6\u4e2a\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b8b\u57fa\u6cbf\u7740\u87ba\u65cb\u7684\u957f\u8f74\u4e0a\u53470.15nm.
8, \u03b2-\u6298\u53e0\uff08\u03b2-sheet\uff09: \u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784,\u662f\u7531\u4f38\u5c55\u7684\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6298\u53e0\u7247\u7684\u6784\u8c61\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u80bd\u952e\u7684\u7fb0\u57fa\u6c27\u548c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u80bd\u94fe\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9170\u6c28\u6c22\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6c22\u952e\u7ef4\u6301\u7684\u3002\u6c22\u952e\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u5782\u76f4\u4f38\u5c55\u7684\u80bd\u94fe\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80bd\u94fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5e73\u884c\u6392\u5217\uff08\u7531N\u5230C\u65b9\u5411\uff09\u6216\u8005\u662f\u53cd\u5e73\u884c\u6392\u5217\uff08\u80bd\u94fe\u53cd\u5411\u6392\u5217\uff09\u3002
9\uff0c\u03b2-\u8f6c\u89d2\uff08\u03b2-turn\uff09\uff1a\u4e5f\u662f\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784,\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u03b1-\u87ba\u65cb\u548c\u03b2-\u6298\u53e0\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u80bd\u94fe\u8d70\u5411\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u91cd\u590d\u591a\u80bd\u533a\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u542b\u67092\uff5e16\u4e2a\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u3002\u542b\u67095\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u7684\u8f6c\u89d2\u53c8\u5e38\u79f0\u4e3a\u73af\uff08loop\uff09\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8f6c\u89d2\u542b\u67094\u4e2a\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u8f6c\u89d2I\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u7fb0\u57fa\u6c27\u4e0e\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u6b8b\u57fa\u7684\u9170\u6c28\u6c2e\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u6c22\u952e\uff1b\u8f6c\u89d2\u2161\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b8b\u57fa\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u7518\u6c28\u9178\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u8f6c\u89d2\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6b8b\u4f89\u5927\u90fd\u662f\u812f\u6c28\u9178\u3002
10\uff0c\u8d85\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff08super-secondary structure\uff09:\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u57fa\u5143(motif).\u5728\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u4e2d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7531\u82e5\u5e72\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u5355\u5143\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u80fd\u8fa8\u8ba4\u7684\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u5408\u4f53\u3002
11\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u57df\uff08domain\uff09:\u5728\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u4e09\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u5185\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6298\u53e0\u5355\u5143\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u57df\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u8d85\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u5355\u5143\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002
12\uff0c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u86cb\u767d\uff08fibrous protein\uff09:\u4e00\u7c7b\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u542b\u6709\u5448\u73b0\u76f8\u540c\u4e8c\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\u8bb8\u591a\u7ea4\u7ef4\u86cb\u767d\u7ed3\u5408\u7d27\u5bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a \u5355\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u6216\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u8d77\u7740\u4fdd\u62a4\u6216\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002
13\uff0c\u7403\u86cb\u767d(globular protein):\u7d27\u51d1\u7684\uff0c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7403\u5f62\u7684\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u6298\u53e0\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u90fd\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u3002\u5178\u5f62\u7684\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u542b\u6709\u80fd\u7279\u5f02\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u5176\u5b83\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u51f9\u9677\u6216\u88c2\u9699\u90e8\u4f4d\u3002
14,\u89d2\u86cb\u767d\uff08keratin\uff09:\u7531\u5904\u4e8e\u03b1-\u87ba\u65cb\u6216\u03b2-\u6298\u53e0\u6784\u8c61\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u7684\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\u7ec4\u6210\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u7684\u8d77\u7740\u4fdd\u62a4\u6216\u7ed3\u6784\u4f5c\u7528\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3002
15,\u80f6\u539f\uff08\u86cb\u767d\uff09\uff08collagen\uff09:\u662f\u52a8\u7269\u7ed3\u7f14\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6700\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u539f\u80f6\u539f\u86cb\u767d\u5206\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u539f\u80f6\u539f\u86cb\u767d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u53f3\u624b\u8d85\u87ba\u65cb\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u539f\u80f6\u539f\u5206\u5b50\u90fd\u662f\u75313\u6761\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5de6\u624b\u87ba\u65cb\uff08\u87ba\u8ddd0.95nm,\u6bcf\u4e00\u5708\u542b\u67093.3\u4e2a\u6b8b\u57fa\uff09\u7684\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\u53f3\u624b\u65cb\u8f6c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002
16\uff0c\u758f\u6c34\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528(hydrophobic interaction):\u975e\u6781\u6027\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f31\u7684\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u975e\u6781\u6027\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5728\u6c34\u76f8\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u907f\u5f00\u6c34\u800c\u76f8\u4e92\u805a\u96c6\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002
17\uff0c\u4f34\u5a18\u86cb\u767d\uff08chaperone\uff09:\u4e0e\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u5408\u6210\u7684\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\u5f62\u6210\u590d\u5408\u7269\u5e76\u534f\u52a9\u5b83\u6b63\u786e\u6298\u53e0\u6210\u5177\u6709\u751f\u7269\u529f\u80fd\u6784\u5411\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3002\u4f34\u5a18\u86cb\u767d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u6298\u53e0\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec4\u88c5\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u4e9a\u57fa\u7684\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\u8de8\u819c\u8f6c\u8fd0\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u7684\u591a\u4e9a\u57fa\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u7ec4\u88c5\u548c\u89e3\u4f53\u3002
18\uff0c\u4e8c\u786b\u952e\uff08disulfide bond\uff09:\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u4e2a\uff08\u534a\u80f1\u6c28\u9178\uff09\u5def\u57fa\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u3002\u4e8c\u786b\u952e\u5728\u7a33\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e9b\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u8d77\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002
19\uff0c\u8303\u5fb7\u534e\u529b\uff08van der Waals force\uff09:\u4e2d\u6027\u539f\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u77ac\u95f4\u9759\u7535\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u5f31\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u529b\u3002\u5f53\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u8303\u5fb7\u534e\u529b\u534a\u5f84\u4e4b\u548c\u65f6\uff0c\u8303\u5fb7\u534e\u529b\u6700\u5f3a\u3002\u5f3a\u7684\u8303\u5fb7\u534e\u529b\u7684\u6392\u65a5\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u9632\u6b62\u539f\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u9760\u8fd1\u3002
20\uff0c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u53d8\u6027\uff08denaturation\uff09:\u751f\u7269\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5929\u7136\u6784\u8c61\u906d\u5230\u7834\u574f\u5bfc\u81f4\u5176\u751f\u7269\u6d3b\u6027\u4e27\u5931\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5728\u53d7\u5230\u5149\u7167\uff0c\u70ed\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u6eb6\u6d4e\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d8\u6027\u6d4e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6b21\u7ea7\u952e\u53d7\u5230\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5929\u7136\u6784\u8c61\u7684\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u4f7f\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6d3b\u6027\u4e27\u5931\u3002
21\uff0c\u808c\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\uff08myoglobin\uff09:\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u6761\u80bd\u94fe\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8840\u7ea2\u7d20\u8f85\u57fa\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u662f\u808c\u8089\u5185\u50a8\u5b58\u6c27\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6c27\u9971\u548c\u66f2\u7ebf\u4e3a\u53cc\u66f2\u7ebf\u578b\u3002
22\uff0c\u590d\u6027\uff08renaturation\uff09:\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u53d8\u6027\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u6062\u590d\u6210\u5177\u6709\u751f\u7269\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u5929\u7136\u6784\u8c61\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002
23\uff0c\u6ce2\u5c14\u6548\u5e94\uff08Bohr effect\uff09:CO2\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u964d\u4f4e\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7684pH\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u7ea2\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u6c27\u4eb2\u548c\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002
24\uff0c\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\uff08hemoglobin\uff09: \u662f\u7531\u542b\u6709\u8840\u7ea2\u7d20\u8f85\u57fa\u76844\u4e2a\u4e9a\u57fa\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u86cb\u767d\u3002\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u6c27\u7531\u80ba\u8fd0\u8f93\u5230\u5916\u5468\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6c27\u9971\u548c\u66f2\u7ebf\u4e3aS\u578b\u3002
25,\u522b\u6784\u6548\u5e94\uff08allosteric effect\uff09:\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a\u53d8\u6784\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u662f\u5be1\u805a\u86cb\u767d\u4e0e\u914d\u57fa\u7ed3\u5408\u6539\u53d8\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u6784\u8c61\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u751f\u7269\u6d3b\u6027\u4e27\u5931\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002
26\uff0c\u9570\u5200\u578b\u7ec6\u80de\u8d2b\u8840\u75c5\uff08sickle-cell anemia\uff09: \u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u5206\u5b50\u9057\u4f20\u7f3a\u9677\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7ea2\u7ec6\u80de\u5448\u9570\u5200\u72b6\u3002\u5176\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u03b2\u2014\u4e9a\u57faN\u7aef\u7684\u7b2c\u516d\u4e2a\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u7f3a\u662f\u7f2c\u6c28\u9178\uff08vol\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0b\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u8c37\u6c28\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa(Ghe)\u3002
\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0
1\uff0c\u9176\uff08enzyme\uff09:\u751f\u7269\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u9664\u5c11\u6570RNA\u5916\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3002\u9176\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u53ea\u662f
\u901a\u8fc7\u964d\u4f4e\u6d3b\u5316\u80fd\u52a0\u5feb\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002
2,\u8131\u812f\u57fa\u9176\u86cb\u767d(apoenzyme):\u9176\u4e2d\u9664\u53bb\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6709\u673a\u6216\u65e0\u673a\u8f85\u52a9\u56e0\u5b50\u6216\u8f85\u57fa\u540e\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u90e8\u5206\u3002
3\uff0c\u5168\u9176\uff08holoenzyme\uff09:\u5177\u6709\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u9176\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u4e9a\u57fa\uff0c\u8f85\u57fa\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u8f85\u52a9\u56e0\u5b50\u3002
4\uff0c\u9176\u6d3b\u529b\u5355\u4f4d\uff08U,active unit\uff09:\u9176\u6d3b\u529b\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u91cf\u5ea6\u30021961\u5e74\u56fd\u9645\u9176\u5b66\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a1\u4e2a\u9176\u6d3b\u529b\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u6307\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0825oC\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u4e3a\u6700\u9002\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\u4e0b\uff0c\u57281min\u5185\u80fd\u8f6c\u53161\u03bcmol\u5e95\u7269\u7684\u9176\u91cf\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u8f6c\u5316\u5e95\u7269\u4e2d1\u03bcmol\u7684\u6709\u5173\u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u9176\u91cf\u3002
5\uff0c\u6bd4\u6d3b\uff08specific activity\uff09:\u6bcf\u5206\u949f\u6bcf\u6beb\u514b\u9176\u86cb\u767d\u572825oC\u4e0b\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u5e95\u7269\u7684\u5fae\u6469\u5c14\u6570\u3002\u6bd4\u6d3b\u662f\u9176\u7eaf\u5ea6\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002
6\uff0c\u6d3b\u5316\u80fd\uff08activation energy\uff09:\u5c061mol\u53cd\u5e94\u5e95\u7269\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5206\u5b50\u7531\u5176\u6001\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6001\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u3002
7\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u90e8\u4f4d\uff08active energy\uff09:\u9176\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u5e95\u7269\u7ed3\u5408\u90e8\u4f4d\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u50ac\u5316\u5e95\u7269\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6d3b\u6027\u90e8\u4f4d\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u57df\u6216\u4e9a\u57fa\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u88c2\u9699\u6216\u662f\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u8868\u9762\u7684\u51f9\u9677\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u5728\u4e09\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u9760\u5f97\u5f88\u8fdb\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u7ec4\u6210\u3002
8\uff0c\u9178-\u78b1\u50ac\u5316\uff08acid-base catalysis\uff09:\u8d28\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u52a0\u901f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u3002
9\uff0c\u5171\u4ef7\u50ac\u5316\uff08covalent catalysis\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e95\u7269\u6216\u5e95\u7269\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e0e\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5f62\u6210\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u88ab\u8f6c\u79fb\u7ed9\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5e95\u7269\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u9176\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u57fa\u56e2\u8f6c\u79fb\u53cd\u5e94\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4ef7\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002
10\uff0c\u9760\u8fd1\u6548\u5e94\uff08proximity effect\uff09\uff1a\u975e\u9176\u4fc3\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u6216\u9176\u4fc3\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5e95\u7269\u9760\u8fd1\u6d3b\u6027\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6d3b\u6027\u90e8\u4f4d\u5904\u53cd\u5e94\u5242\u6709\u6548\u6d53\u5ea6\u589e\u5927\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u66f4\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u5f62\u6210\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6001\u3002
11\uff0c\u521d\u901f\u5ea6(initial velocity)\uff1a\u9176\u4fc3\u53cd\u5e94\u6700\u521d\u9636\u6bb5\u5e95\u7269\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u4f4e\uff0c\u5176\u9006\u53cd\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1\u3002
12\uff0c\u7c73\u6c0f\u65b9\u7a0b\uff08Michaelis-Mentent equation\uff09:\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9176\u4fc3\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u901f\u5ea6\uff08\u03c5\uff09\u4e0e\u5e95\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6([s])\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a\u03c5=\u03c5max[s]/(Km+[s])
13\uff0c\u7c73\u6c0f\u5e38\u6570\uff08Michaelis constant\uff09:\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5f02\u81f3\u9176\u4fc3\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u901f\u5ea6\uff08\u03c50\uff09\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5927\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\uff08\u03c5max\uff09\u4e00\u534a\u65f6\u7684\u5e95\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6\u3002
14\uff0c\u50ac\u5316\u5e38\u6570\uff08catalytic number\uff09(Kcat):\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u8f6c\u6362\u6570\u3002\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u5e95\u7269\u5904\u4e8e\u9971\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9176\uff08\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u9176\u6d3b\u6027\u90e8\u4f4d\uff09\u50ac\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u5e94\u6709\u591a\u5feb\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002\u50ac\u5316\u5e38\u6570\u7b49\u4e8e\u6700\u5927\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u9664\u4ee5\u603b\u7684\u9176\u6d53\u5ea6\uff08\u03c5max/[E]total\uff09\u3002\u6216\u662f\u6bcf\u6469\u9176\u6d3b\u6027\u90e8\u4f4d\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u5e95\u7269\u7684\u91cf\uff08\u6469[\u5c14]\uff09\u3002
15\uff0c\u53cc\u5012\u6570\u4f5c\u56fe\uff08double-reciprocal plot\uff09:\u90a3\u79f0\u4e3aLineweaver_Burk\u4f5c\u56fe\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u9176\u4fc3\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5012\u6570\uff081/V\uff09\u5bf9\u5e95\u7269\u5ea6\u7684\u5012\u6570\uff081/LSF\uff09\u7684\u4f5c\u56fe\u3002x\u548cy\u8f74\u4e0a\u7684\u622a\u8ddd\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u7c73\u6c0f\u5e38\u6570\u548c\u6700\u5927\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5012\u6570\u3002
16\uff0c\u7ade\u4e89\u6027\u6291\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\uff08competitive inhibition\uff09:\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u5e95\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9006\u8f6c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9176\u6291\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u7ade\u4e89\u6027\u6291\u5236\u5242\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5e95\u7269\u6216\u914d\u4f53\u7ade\u4e89\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u90e8\u4f4d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6291\u5236\u4f7fKm\u589e\u5927\u800c
\u03c5max\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002
17\uff0c\u975e\u7ade\u4e89\u6027\u6291\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\uff08noncompetitive inhibition\uff09: \u6291\u5236\u5242\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0e\u6e38\u79bb\u9176\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u9176-\u5e95\u7269\u590d\u5408\u7269\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9176\u4fc3\u53cd\u5e94\u6291\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6291\u5236\u4f7fKm\u4e0d\u53d8\u800c\u03c5max\u53d8\u5c0f\u3002
18\uff0c\u53cd\u7ade\u4e89\u6027\u6291\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\uff08uncompetitive inhibition\uff09: \u6291\u5236\u5242\u53ea\u4e0e\u9176-\u5e95\u7269\u590d\u5408\u7269\u7ed3\u5408\u800c\u4e0d\u4e0e\u6e38\u79bb\u7684\u9176\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9176\u4fc3\u53cd\u5e94\u6291\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6291\u5236\u4f7fKm\u548c\u03c5max\u90fd\u53d8\u5c0f\u4f46\u03c5max/Km\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002
19\uff0c\u4e1d\u6c28\u9178\u86cb\u767d\u9176\uff08serine protease\uff09: \u6d3b\u6027\u90e8\u4f4d\u542b\u6709\u5728\u50ac\u5316\u671f\u95f4\u8d77\u4eb2\u6838\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e1d\u6c28\u6b8b\u57fa\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3002
20\uff0c\u9176\u539f\uff08zymogen\uff09:\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u9650\u86cb\u767d\u6c34\u89e3\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7531\u65e0\u6d3b\u6027\u53d8\u6210\u5177\u6709\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u9176\u524d\u4f53\u3002
21\uff0c\u8c03\u8282\u9176\uff08regulatory enzyme\uff09:\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8c22\u9014\u5f84\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u90e8\u4f4d\u7684\u9176\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u6839\u636e\u4ee3\u8c22\u7684\u9700\u8981\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u964d\u4f4e\u3002
22\uff0c\u522b\u6784\u9176\uff08allosteric enzyme\uff09:\u6d3b\u6027\u53d7\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u6d3b\u6027\u90e8\u4f4d\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u90e8\u4f4d\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u5206\u5b50\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u9176\u3002
23\uff0c\u522b\u6784\u8c03\u8282\u5242\uff08allosteric modulator\uff09:\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u522b\u6784\u8c03\u8282\u9176\u7684\u8c03\u8282\u90e8\u4f4d\u8c03\u8282\u8be5\u9176\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u522b\u6784\u8c03\u8282\u5242\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6fc0\u6d3b\u5242\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6291\u5236\u5242\u3002
24\uff0c\u9f50\u53d8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08concerted model\uff09\uff1a\u76f8\u540c\u914d\u4f53\u4e0e\u5be1\u805a\u86cb\u767d\u534f\u540c\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9f50\u53d8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e95\u7269\u6216\u522b\u6784\u8c03\u8282\u5242\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u6784\u76f8\u5728T\uff08\u5bf9\u5e95\u7269\u4eb2\u548c\u6027\u4f4e\u7684\u6784\u8c61\uff09\u548cR\uff08\u5bf9\u5e95\u7269\u4eb2\u548c\u6027\u9ad8\u7684\u6784\u8c61\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u53d8\u6362\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6a21\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u4e9a\u57fa\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6784\u8c61\uff0c\u6216\u662fT\u6784\u8c61\uff0c\u6216\u662fR\u6784\u8c61\u3002
25\uff0c\u5e8f\u53d8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08sequential model\uff09\uff1a\u76f8\u540c\u914d\u4f53\u4e0e\u5be1\u805a\u86cb\u767d\u534f\u540c\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6309\u7167\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5e8f\u53d8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u4f53\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u4f1a\u8bf1\u5bfc\u5b83\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u4e9a\u57fa\u7684\u4e09\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u76f8\u90bb\u4e9a\u57fa\u7684\u6784\u8c61\u53d1\u751f\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u6309\u7167\u5e8f\u53d8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e9a\u57fa\u5bf9\u914d\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u7684\u4eb2\u548c\u529b\u3002
26\uff0c\u540c\u529f\u9176\uff08isoenzyme isozyme\uff09\uff1a\u50ac\u5316\u540c\u4e00\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u800c\u5316\u5b66\u7ec4\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u9176\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5f7c\u6b64\u5728\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e95\u7269\u7684\u4eb2\u548c\u6027\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5dee\u5f02\u3002
27\uff0c\u522b\u6784\u8c03\u8282\u9176\uff08allosteric modulator\uff09\uff1a\u90a3\u79f0\u4e3a\u522b\u6784\u6548\u5e94\u7269\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u522b\u6784\u9176\u7684\u8c03\u8282\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u8c03\u8282\u9176\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u522b\u6784\u8c03\u8282\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u662f\u6fc0\u6d3b\u5242\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6291\u5236\u5242\u3002
\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0
1,\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20\uff08vitamin\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u52a8\u7269\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u80fd\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u52a8\u7269\u751f\u957f\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u53c8\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u6709\u673a\u7269\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u9700\u4ece\u98df\u7269\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u8f85\u9176\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20\u884d\u751f\u7684\u3002
2\uff0c\u6c34\u6eb6\u6027\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20\uff08water-soluble vitamin\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u7c7b\u80fd\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u7684\u6709\u673a\u8425\u517b\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u9176\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u7684B\u65cf\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20\u4ee5\u53ca\u6297\u574f\u8840\u9178\uff08\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20C\uff09\u7b49\u3002
3\uff0c\u8102\u6eb6\u6027\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20\uff08lipid vitamin\uff09\uff1a\u7531\u957f\u7684\u78b3\u6c22\u94fe\u6216\u7a20\u73af\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u805a\u620a\u4e8c\u70ef\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u8102\u6eb6\u6027\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20\u5305\u62ecA\uff0cD\uff0cE\uff0c\u548cK\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20\u80fd\u88ab\u52a8\u7269\u8d2e\u5b58\u3002
4\uff0c\u8f85\u9176\uff08conzyme\uff09\uff1a\u67d0\u4e9b\u9176\u5728\u53d1\u6325\u50ac\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u65f6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u8f85\u52a9\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u5206\u4e2d\u5f80\u5f80\u542b\u6709\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20\u3002\u8f85\u9176\u4e0e\u9176\u7ed3\u5408\u677e\u6563\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u900f\u6790\u9664\u53bb\u3002
5\uff0c\u8f85\u57fa\uff08prosthetic group\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u4e0e\u9176\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5171\u4ef7\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u6216\u4e00\u7c7b\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u7528\u900f\u6790\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u9664\u53bb\u3002\u8f85\u57fa\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u9176\u4fc3\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e0e\u9176\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u90e8\u4f4d\u7ed3\u5408\u3002
6,\u5c3c\u514b\u9170\u80fa\u817a\u560c\u5464\u4e8c\u6838\u82f7\u9178\uff08NAD+\uff09\u548c\u5c3c\u514b\u9170\u80fa\u817a\u560c\u5464\u4e8c\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u78f7\u9178\uff08NADP+\uff09\uff1a\u542b\u6709\u5c3c\u514b\u9170\u80fa\u7684\u8f85\u9176\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u8f7d\u4f53\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8131\u6c22\u9176\u7684\u8f85\u3002
7\uff0c\u9ec4\u7d20\u5355\u6838\u82f7\u9178\uff08FMN\uff09\u4e00\u79cd\u6838\u9ec4\u7d20\u78f7\u9178\uff0c\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8f85\u9176\u3002
8\uff0c\u786b\u80fa\u7d20\u7126\u78f7\u9178\uff08thiamine phosphate\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20B1\u7684\u8f85\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8f6c\u919b\u57fa\u53cd\u5e94\u3002
9\uff0c\u9ec4\u7d20\u817a\u560c\u5464\u4e8c\u6838\u82f7\u9178\uff08FAD\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8f85\u9176\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u6838\u9ec4\u7d20\u3002
10\uff0c\u78f7\u9178\u5421\u54c6\u919b\uff08pyidoxal phosphate\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20B6\uff08\u5421\u54c6\u9187\uff09\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u662f\u8f6c\u6c28\u9176\uff0c\u8131\u7fa7\u9176\u548c\u6d88\u65cb\u9176\u7684\u9176\u3002
11\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u7d20\uff08biotin\uff09\uff1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u8131\u7fa7\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9176\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u56e0\u5b50\u3002
12\uff0c\u8f85\u9176A(coenzyme A)\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u542b\u6709\u6cdb\u9178\u7684\u8f85\u9176\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9176\u4fc3\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9170\u57fa\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53\u3002
13\uff0c\u7c7b\u80e1\u841d\u535c\u7d20\uff08carotenoid\uff09\uff1a\u7531\u5f02\u620a\u4e8c\u70ef\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u8102\u6eb6\u6027\u5149\u5408\u8272\u7d20\u3002
14\uff0c\u8f6c\u6c28\u9176\uff08transaminase\uff09\uff1a\u90a3\u79f0\u4e3a\u6c28\u57fa\u8f6c\u79fb\u9176\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u9176\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u03b1-\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u7684\u6c28\u57fa\u53ef\u8f6c\u79fb\u7ed9\u522b\u4e00\u4e2a\u03b1-\u916e\u9178\u3002
\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0
1\uff0c\u919b\u7cd6\uff08aldose\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u7c7b\u5355\u7cd6\uff0c\u8be5\u5355\u7cd6\u4e2d\u6c27\u5316\u6570\u6700\u9ad8\u7684C\u539f\u5b50\uff08\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3aC-1\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u919b\u57fa\u3002
2\uff0c\u916e\u7cd6\uff08ketose\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u7c7b\u5355\u7cd6\uff0c\u8be5\u5355\u7cd6\u4e2d\u6c27\u5316\u6570\u6700\u9ad8\u7684C\u539f\u5b50\uff08\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3aC-2\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u916e\u57fa\u3002
3\uff0c\u5f02\u5934\u7269\uff08anomer\uff09\uff1a\u4ec5\u5728\u6c27\u5316\u6570\u6700\u9ad8\u7684C\u539f\u5b50\uff08\u5f02\u5934\u78b3\uff09\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u6784\u5f62\u7684\u7cd6\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u3002
4\uff0c\u5f02\u5934\u78b3\uff08anomer carbon\uff09\uff1a\u73af\u5316\u5355\u7cd6\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u6570\u6700\u9ad8\u7684C\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u5f02\u5934\u78b3\u5177\u6709\u7fb0\u57fa\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\u3002
5\uff0c\u53d8\u65cb\uff08mutarotation\uff09\uff1a\u5421\u5583\u7cd6\uff0c\u544b\u5583\u7cd6\u6216\u7cd6\u82f7\u4f34\u968f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u03b1-\u548c\u03b2-\u5f02\u6784\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6bd4\u65cb\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u3002
6\uff0c\u5355\u7cd6\uff08monosaccharide\uff09\uff1a\u75313\u4e2a\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5177\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u516c\u5f0f\uff08CH2O\uff09n\u7684\u7b80\u7cd6\u3002
7\uff0c\u7cd6\u82f7\uff08dlycoside\uff09\uff1a\u5355\u7cd6\u534a\u7f29\u919b\u7f9f\u57fa\u4e0e\u522b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7f9f\u57fa\uff0c\u80fa\u57fa\u6216\u5def\u57fa\u7f29\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u542b\u7cd6\u884d\u751f\u7269\u3002
8\uff0c\u7cd6\u82f7\u952e\uff08glycosidic bond\uff09:\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cd6\u534a\u7f29\u919b\u7f9f\u57fa\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5b50\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u9187\u3001\u7cd6\u3001\u560c\u5464\u6216\u5627\u5576\uff09\u7684\u7f9f\u57fa\u3001\u80fa\u57fa\u6216\u5def\u57fa\u4e4b\u95f4\u7f29\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7f29\u919b\u6216\u7f29\u916e\u952e\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7cd6\u919b\u952e\u6709O\u2014\u7cd6\u82f7\u952e\u548cN\u2014\u7cd6\u82f7\u952e\u3002
9\uff0c\u5be1\u7cd6\uff08oligoccharide\uff09\uff1a\u75312\uff5e20\u4e2a\u5355\u7cd6\u6b8b\u57fa\u901a\u8fc7\u7cd6\u82f7\u952e\u8fde\u63a5\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002
10\uff0c\u591a\u7cd6\uff08polysaccharide\uff09\uff1a20\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5355\u7cd6\u901a\u8fc7\u7cd6\u82f7\u952e\u8fde\u63a5\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002\u591a\u7cd6\u94fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7ebf\u5f62\u7684\u6216\u5e26\u6709\u5206\u652f\u7684\u3002
11\uff0c\u8fd8\u539f\u7cd6\uff08reducing sugar\uff09\uff1a\u7fb0\u57fa\u78b3\uff08\u5f02\u5934\u78b3\uff09\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u4e0e\u5f62\u6210\u7cd6\u82f7\u952e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\u5145\u5f53\u8fd8\u539f\u5242\u7684\u7cd6\u3002
12\uff0c\u6dc0\u7c89\uff08starch\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u7c7b\u591a\u7cd6\uff0c\u662f\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6b8b\u57fa\u7684\u540c\u805a\u7269\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6dc0\u7c89\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u76f4\u94fe\u6dc0\u7c89\uff0c\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u652f\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u03b1-\uff081\u21924\uff09\u7cd6\u82f7\u952e\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6b8b\u57fa\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u652f\u94fe\u6dc0\u7c89\uff0c\u662f\u542b\u6709\u5206\u652f\u7684\uff0c\u03b1-\uff081\u21924\uff09\u7cd6\u82f7\u952e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6b8b\u57fa\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u652f\u94fe\u5728\u5206\u652f\u5904\u901a\u8fc7\u03b1-\uff081\u21926\uff09\u7cd6\u82f7\u952e\u4e0e\u4e3b\u94fe\u76f8\u8fde\u3002
13\uff0c\u7cd6\u539f\uff08glycogen\uff09: \u662f\u542b\u6709\u5206\u652f\u7684\u03b1-\uff081\u21924\uff09\u7cd6\u82f7\u952e\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6b8b\u57fa\u7684\u540c\u805a\u7269\uff0c\u652f\u94fe\u5728\u5206\u652f\u70b9\u5904\u901a\u8fc7\u03b1-\uff081\u21926\uff09\u7cd6\u82f7\u952e\u4e0e\u4e3b\u94fe\u76f8\u8fde\u3002
14\uff0c\u6781\u9650\u7cca\u7cbe\uff08limit dexitrin\uff09:\u662f\u6307\u652f\u94fe\u6dc0\u7c89\u4e2d\u5e26\u6709\u652f\u94fe\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u7ecf\u652f\u94fe\u6dc0\u7c89\u9176\u6c34\u89e3\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u7cd6\u539f\u78f7\u9178\u5316\u9176\u6216\u6dc0\u7c89\u78f7\u9178\u5316\u9176\u4f5c\u7528\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u7cca\u7cbe\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u89e3\u9700\u8981\u03b1-\uff081\u21926\uff09\u7cd6\u82f7\u952e\u7684\u6c34\u89e3\u3002
15\uff0c\u80bd\u805a\u7cd6\uff08peptidoglycan\uff09\uff1aN-\u4e59\u9170\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u80fa\u548cN-\u4e59\u9170\u553e\u6db2\u9178\u4ea4\u66ff\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6742\u591a\u7cd6\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u80bd\u4ea4\u53c9\u8fde\u63a5\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u80bd\u805a\u7cd6\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec6\u83cc\u7ec6\u80de\u58c1\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u3002
16\uff0c\u7cd6\u86cb\u767d\uff08glycoprotein\uff09:\u542b\u6709\u5171\u4ef7\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6b8b\u57fa\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3002
17\uff0c\u86cb\u767d\u805a\u7cd6\uff08proteoglycan\uff09\uff1a\u7531\u6742\u591a\u7cd6\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u80bd\u8fde\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6742\u5316\u7684\u5728\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u591a\u7cd6\u662f\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u3002
\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0
1\uff0c\u8102\u80aa\u9178\uff08fatty acid\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u7aef\u542b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa7\u57fa\u7684\u957f\u7684\u8102\u80aa\u65cf\u78b3\u6c22\u94fe\u3002\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8102\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8102\u7684\u6210\u5206\u3002
2\uff0c\u9971\u548c\u8102\u80aa\u9178\uff08saturated fatty acid\uff09\uff1a\u4e0d\u542b\u6709\u2014C=C\u2014\u53cc\u952e\u7684\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u3002
3\uff0c\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\u8102\u80aa\u9178\uff08unsaturated fatty acid\uff09\uff1a\u81f3\u5c11\u542b\u6709\u2014C=C\u2014\u53cc\u952e\u7684\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u3002
4\uff0c\u5fc5\u9700\u8102\u80aa\u9178\uff08occential fatty acid\uff09\uff1a\u7ef4\u6301\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u6b63\u5e38\u751f\u957f\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u52a8\u7269\u53c8\u4e0d\u80fd\u5408\u6210\u7684\u8102\u80aa\u9178\uff0cEg\u4e9a\u6cb9\u9178\uff0c\u4e9a\u9ebb\u9178\u3002
5\uff0c\u4e09\u8102\u9170\u82f7\u6cb9\uff08triacylglycerol\uff09\uff1a\u90a3\u79f0\u4e3a\u7518\u6cb9\u4e09\u916f\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u542b\u6709\u4e0e\u7518\u6cb9\u8102\u5316\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u8102\u9170\u57fa\u7684\u916f\u3002\u8102\u80aa\u548c\u6cb9\u662f\u4e09\u8102\u9170\u7518\u6cb9\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u3002
6\uff0c\u78f7\u8102\uff08phospholipid\uff09\uff1a\u542b\u6709\u78f7\u9178\u6210\u5206\u7684\u8102\u3002Eg\u5375\u78f7\u8102\uff0c\u8111\u78f7\u8102\u3002
7\uff0c\u9798\u8102\uff08sphingolipid\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u7c7b\u542b\u6709\u9798\u6c28\u9187\u9aa8\u67b6\u7684\u4e24\u6027\u8102\uff0c\u4e00\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u8fde\u7684\u8102\u80aa\u9178\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u6027\u548c\u9187\u3002\u9798\u8102\u5305\u62ec\u9798\u78f7\u8102\uff0c\u8111\u78f7\u8102\u4ee5\u53ca\u795e\u7ecf\u8282\u82f7\u8102\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u690d\u7269\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u5185\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u67a2\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5185\u542b\u91cf\u4e30\u5bcc\u3002
8\uff0c\u9798\u78f7\u8102\uff08sphingomyelin\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u7531\u795e\u7ecf\u9170\u80fa\u7684C-1\u7f9f\u57fa\u4e0a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e86\u78f7\u9178\u6bdb\u91cc\u6c42\u80c6\u78b1\uff08\u6216\u78f7\u9178\u4e59\u9170\u80fa\uff09\u6784\u6210\u7684\u9798\u8102\u3002\u9798\u78f7\u8102\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5728\u591a\u6570\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u52a8\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u8d28\u819c\u5185\uff0c\u662f\u9ad3\u9798\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u3002
9\uff0c\u5375\u78f7\u8102\uff08lecithin\uff09\uff1a\u5373\u78f7\u8102\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\uff08PC\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u78f7\u8102\u9170\u4e0e\u80c6\u78b1\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u590d\u5408\u7269\u3002
10\uff0c\u8111\u78f7\u8102\uff08cephalin\uff09\uff1a\u5373\u78f7\u8102\u9170\u4e59\u9187\u80fa\uff08PE\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u78f7\u8102\u9170\u4e0e\u4e59\u9187\u80fa\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u590d\u5408\u7269\u3002
11\uff0c\u8102\u8d28\u4f53\uff08liposome\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u7531\u5305\u56f4\u6c34\u76f8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u78f7\u8102\u53cc\u5c42\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\uff08\u5c0f\u6ce1\uff09\u3002
12\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u819c\uff08bioligical membrane\uff09\uff1a\u9576\u5d4c\u6709\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u8102\u53cc\u5c42\uff0c\u8d77\u7740\u753b\u5206\u548c\u5206\u9694\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u4f5c\u7528\u751f\u7269\u819c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0e\u8bb8\u591a\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u5316\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u901a\u8baf\u6709\u5173\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u4f4d\u3002
13\uff0c\u5185\u5728\u819c\u86cb\u767d\uff08integral membrane protein\uff09\uff1a\u63d2\u5165\u8102\u53cc\u5c42\u7684\u758f\u6c34\u6838\u548c\u5b8c\u5168\u8de8\u8d8a\u8102\u53cc\u5c42\u7684\u819c\u86cb\u767d\u3002
14\uff0c\u5916\u5468\u819c\u86cb\u767d\uff08peripheral membrane protein\uff09\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u819c\u8102\u7684\u6781\u6027\u5934\u90e8\u6216\u5185\u5728\u7684\u819c\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u5f62\u6210\u6c22\u952e\u4e0e\u819c\u7684\u5185\u6216\u5916\u8868\u9762\u5f31\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u819c\u86cb\u767d\u3002
15\uff0c\u6d41\u4f53\u9576\u5d4c\u6a21\u578b\uff08fluid mosaic model\uff09\uff1a\u9488\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u819c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u819c\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u6210\u9576\u5d4c\u6709\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u6d41\u4f53\u8102\u53cc\u5c42\uff0c\u8102\u53cc\u5c42\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u90fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u3002\u6709\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u201c\u9576\u201c\u5728\u8102\u53cc\u5c42\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5219\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u5168\u90e8\u5d4c\u5165\u5176\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5219\u6a2a\u8de8\u6574\u4e2a\u819c\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u8102\u548c\u819c\u86cb\u767d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u6563\u3002
16\uff0c\u901a\u900f\u7cfb\u6570\uff08permeability coefficient\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u79bb\u5b50\u6216\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u6269\u6563\u8fc7\u8102\u53cc\u5c42\u819c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u91cf\u5ea6\u3002\u901a\u900f\u7cfb\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79bb\u5b50\u6216\u5206\u5b50\u5728\u975e\u6781\u6027\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002
17\uff0c\u901a\u9053\u86cb\u767d\uff08channel protein\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u5e26\u6709\u4e2d\u592e\u6c34\u76f8\u901a\u9053\u7684\u5185\u5728\u819c\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5927\u5c0f\u9002\u5408\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u6216\u5206\u5b50\u4ece\u819c\u7684\u4efb\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u7a7f\u8fc7\u819c\u3002
18\uff0c\uff08\u819c\uff09\u5b54\u86cb\u767d\uff08pore protein\uff09\uff1a\u5176\u542b\u610f\u4e0e\u819c\u901a\u9053\u86cb\u767d\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8be5\u672f\u8bed\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec6\u83cc\u3002
19\uff0c\u88ab\u52a8\u8f6c\u8fd0\uff08passive transport\uff09\uff1a\u90a3\u79f0\u4e3a\u6613\u5316\u6269\u6563\u3002\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6c\u8fd0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u65b9\u5f0f\u6eb6\u8d28\u7279\u5f02\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u8fd0\u86cb\u767d\u4e0a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u88ab\u8f6c\u8fd0\u8fc7\u819c\uff0c\u4f46\u8f6c\u8fd0\u662f\u6cbf\u7740\u6d53\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u65b9\u5411\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u88ab\u52a8\u8f6c\u8fbe\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002
20\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u8f6c\u8fd0\uff08active transport\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6c\u8fd0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u65b9\u5f0f\u6eb6\u8d28\u7279\u5f02\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u8fd0\u86cb\u767d\u4e0a\u7136\u540e\u88ab\u8f6c\u8fd0\u8fc7\u819c\uff0c\u4e0e\u88ab\u52a8\u8f6c\u8fd0\u8fd0\u8f93\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u8f6c\u8fd0\u662f\u9006\u7740\u6d53\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u65b9\u5411\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52a8\u8f6c\u8fd0\u9700\u8981\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u3002\u5728\u539f\u53d1\u4e3b\u52a8\u8f6c\u8fd0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u80fd\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5149\uff0cATP\u6216\u7535\u5b50\u4f20\u9012\uff1b\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ea7\u4e3b\u52a8\u8f6c\u8fd0\u662f\u5728\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002
21\uff0c\u534f\u540c\u8fd0\u8f93\uff08contransport\uff09\uff1a\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u6eb6\u8d28\u7684\u8de8\u819c\u7684\u8026\u8054\u8f6c\u8fd0\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u8fd0\u86cb\u767d\u8fdb\u884c\u540c\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\uff08\u540c\u5411\u8f6c\u8fd0\uff09\u6216\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\uff08\u53cd\u5411\u8f6c\u8fd0\uff09\u8f6c\u8fd0\u3002
22\uff0c\u80de\u541e\uff08\u4fe1\u7528\uff09\uff08endocytosis\uff09\uff1a\u7269\u8d28\u88ab\u8d28\u819c\u541e\u5165\u5e76\u4ee5\u819c\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u7684\u8102\u56ca\u6ce1\u5f62\u6210\uff08\u7269\u8d28\u5728\u56ca\u6ce1\u5185\uff09\u88ab\u5e26\u5165\u5230\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002
\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0
1\uff0c\u6838\u82f7\uff08nucleoside\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u560c\u5464\u6216\u5627\u5576\u78b1\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u4e0e\u620a\u7cd6\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u6838\u7cd6\u4e0e\u78b1\u57fa\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u7cd6\u7684\u5f02\u5934\u78b3\u4e0e\u5627\u5576\u7684N-1\u6216\u560c\u5464\u7684N-9\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u03b2-N-\u7cd6\u952e\u8fde\u63a5\u3002
2\uff0c\u6838\u82f7\u9178\uff08uncleoside\uff09\uff1a\u6838\u82f7\u7684\u620a\u7cd6\u6210\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u7f9f\u57fa\u78f7\u9178\u5316\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002
3\uff0ccAMP(cycle AMP)\uff1a3\u02ca,5\u02ca-\u73af\u817a\u82f7\u9178\uff0c\u662f\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4fe1\u4f7f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u67d0\u90e8\u4e9b\u6fc0\u7d20\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u5206\u5b50\u4fe1\u53f7\u523a\u6fc0\u6fc0\u6d3b\u817a\u82f7\u9178\u73af\u5316\u9176\u50ac\u5316ATP\u73af\u5316\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002
4\uff0c\u78f7\u9178\u4e8c\u8102\u952e\uff08phosphodiester linkage\uff09:\u4e00\u79cd\u5316\u5b66\u57fa\u56e2\uff0c\u6307\u4e00\u5206\u5b50\u78f7\u9178\u4e0e\u4e24\u4e2a\u9187\uff08\u7f9f\u57fa\uff09\u916f\u5316\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u916f\u952e\u3002\u8be5\u916f\u952e\u6210\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u9187\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u82f7\u76843\u02ca\u7f9f\u57fa\u4e0e\u522b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u82f7\u76845\u02ca\u7f9f\u57fa\u4e0e\u540c\u4e00\u5206\u5b50\u78f7\u9178\u916f\u5316\uff0c\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u78f7\u9178\u4e8c\u8102\u952e\u3002
5\uff0c\u8131\u6c27\u6838\u7cd6\u6838\u9178\uff08DNA\uff09\uff1a\u542b\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u8131\u6c27\u6838\u7cd6\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u805a\u8131\u6c27\u6838\u82f7\u9178\uff0c\u8131\u6c27\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u662f\u901a\u8fc73\u02ca,5\u02ca-\u78f7\u9178\u4e8c\u8102\u952e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u3002DNA\u662f\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53\u3002
6\uff0c\u6838\u7cd6\u6838\u9178\uff08RNA\uff09\uff1a\u901a\u8fc73\u02ca,5\u02ca-\u78f7\u9178\u4e8c\u8102\u952e\u8fde\u63a5\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6838\u7cd6\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u805a\u6838\u7cd6\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u3002
7\uff0c\u6838\u7cd6\u4f53\u6838\u7cd6\u6838\u9178\uff08Rrna,ribonucleic acid\uff09\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ec4\u6210\u6210\u5206\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b RNA\uff0crRNA\u662f\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u6700 \u4e30\u5bcc\u7684 RNA .
8\uff0c\u4fe1\u4f7f\u6838\u7cd6\u6838\u9178(mRNA,messenger ribonucleic acid):\u4e00\u7c7b\u7528\u4f5c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5408\u6210\u6a21\u677f\u7684RNA .
9, \u8f6c\u79fb\u6838\u7cd6\u6838\u9178\uff08Trna,transfer ribonucleic acid\uff09:\u4e00\u7c7b\u643a\u5e26\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u5e26\u5230\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5408\u6210\u90e8\u4f4d\u5e76\u5c06\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6574\u5408\u5230\u751f\u957f\u7740\u7684\u80bd\u94fe\u4e0aRNA\u3002TRNA\u542b\u6709\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u6a21\u677fmRNA\u4e0a\u4e92\u8865\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u53cd\u5bc6\u7801\u3002
10\uff0c\u8f6c\u5316\uff08\u4f5c\u7528\uff09\uff08transformation\uff09:\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u6e90DNA \u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u9014\u5f84\u5bfc\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bbf\u4e3b\u83cc\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u8be5\u83cc\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u7279\u6027\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002
11\uff0c\u8f6c\u5bfc\uff08\u4f5c\u7528\uff09\uff08transduction\uff09:\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u75c5\u6bd2\u8f7d\u4f53\uff0c\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u3002
12\uff0c\u78b1\u57fa\u5bf9\uff08base pair\uff09:\u901a\u8fc7\u78b1\u57fa\u4e4b\u95f4\u6c22\u952e\u914d\u5bf9\u7684\u6838\u9178\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u82f7\u9178\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982A\u4e0eT\u6216U , \u4ee5\u53caG\u4e0eC\u914d\u5bf9 \u3002
13\uff0c\u590f\u683c\u592b\u6cd5\u5219\uff08Chargaff\u2019s rules\uff09\uff1a\u6240\u6709DNA\u4e2d\u817a\u560c\u5464\u4e0e\u80f8\u817a\u5627\u5576\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u542b\u91cf\u76f8\u7b49\uff08A=T\uff09\uff0c\u9e1f\u560c\u5464\u548c\u80de\u5627\u5576\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u542b\u91cf\u76f8\u7b49\uff08G=C\uff09\uff0c\u65e2\u560c\u5464\u7684\u603b\u542b\u91cf\u76f8\u7b49\uff08A+G=T+C\uff09\u3002DNA\u7684\u78b1\u57fa\u7ec4\u6210\u5177\u6709\u79cd\u7684\u7279\u5f02\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5668\u5b98\u7684\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u751f\u957f\u548c\u53d1\u80b2\u9636\u6bb5`\u8425\u517b\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u90fd\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cdDNA\u7684\u78b1\u57fa\u7ec4\u6210\u3002
14\uff0cDNA\u7684\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\uff08DNAdouble helix\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u6838\u9178\u7684\u6784\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u6784\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u6761\u53cd\u5411\u5e73\u884c\u7684\u591a\u6838\u7518\u9178\u94fe\u76f8\u4e92\u7f20\u7ed5\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u53f3\u624b\u7684\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u78b1\u57fa\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u5185\u4fa7\uff0c\u78f7\u9178\u4e0e\u7cd6\u57fa\u5728\u5916\u4fa7\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u78f7\u9178\u4e8c\u8102\u952e\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6838\u9178\u7684\u9aa8\u67b6\u3002\u78b1\u57fa\u5e73\u9762\u4e0e\u5047\u8c61\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8f74\u5782\u76f4\uff0c\u7cd6\u73af\u5e73\u9762\u5219\u4e0e\u8f74\u5e73\u884c\uff0c\u4e24\u6761\u94fe\u7686\u4e3a\u53f3\u624b\u87ba\u65cb\u3002\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7684\u76f4\u5f84\u4e3a2nm\uff0c\u78b1\u57fa\u5806\u79ef\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e3a0.34nm\uff0c \u4e24\u6838\u7518\u9178\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5939\u89d2\u662f36\u309c\uff0c\u6bcf\u5bf9\u87ba\u65cb\u753110\u5bf9\u78b1\u57fa\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u78b1\u57fa\u6309A-T\uff0cG-C\u914d\u5bf9\u4e92\u8865\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u4ee5\u6c22\u952e\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u7ef4\u6301DNA\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u529b\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u78b1\u57fa\u5806\u79ef\u529b\u3002\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u8868\u9762\u6709\u4e24\u6761\u5bbd\u7a84`\u6df1\u6d45\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u6c9f\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6c9f\u3002
15\uff0e\u5927\u6c9f\uff08major groove\uff09\u548c\u5c0f\u6c9f\uff08minor groove\uff09:\u7ed5B-DNA\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u87ba\u65cb\u69fd\uff08\u6c9f\uff09\uff0c\u5bbd\u7684\u6c9f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5927\u6c9f\uff0c\u7a84\u6c9f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5c0f\u6c9f\u3002\u5927\u6c9f\uff0c\u5c0f\u6c9f\u90fd\u3001\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u78b1\u57fa\u5bf9\u5806\u79ef\u548c\u7cd6-\u78f7\u9178\u9aa8\u67b6\u626d\u8f6c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002
16\uff0eDNA\u8d85\u87ba\u65cb\uff08DNAsupercoiling\uff09:DNA\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5377\u66f2\u4e00\u822c\u662fDNA\u53cc`\u87ba\u65cb\u7684\u5f2f\u66f2\u6b20\u65cb\uff08\u8d1f\u8d85\u87ba\u65cb\uff09\u6216\u8fc7\u65cb\uff08\u6b63\u8d85\u87ba\u65cb\uff09\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002
17\uff0e\u62d3\u6251\u5f02\u6784\u9176\uff08topoisomerse\uff09:\u901a\u8fc7\u5207\u65adDNA\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u6216\u4e24\u6761\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u78f7\u9178\u4e8c\u916f\u952e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u7f20\u7ed5\u548c\u5c01\u53e3\u6765\u6539\u53d8DNA\u8fde\u73af\u6570\u7684\u9176\u3002\u62d3\u6251\u5f02\u6784\u9176\u2160\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5207\u65adDNA\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u94fe\u51cf\u5c11\u8d1f\u8d85\u87ba\u65cb\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u73af\u6570\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u62d3\u6251\u5f02\u6784\u9176\u2161\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3aDNA\u4fc3\u65cb\u9176\u3002
18\uff0e\u6838\u5c0f\u4f53\uff08nucleosome\uff09:\u7528
Edman\u964d\u89e3(Edman degradation) \u3000\u3000\u4ece\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\u6e38\u79bb\u7684N\u672b\u7aef\u6d4b\u5b9a\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002N\u672b\u7aef\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u88ab\u5f02\u786b\u6c30\u9178\u82ef\u916f\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\u4e0a\u5207\u4e0b\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u6b8b\u57fa\uff0c\u518d\u7ecf\u5c42\u6790\u9274\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f59\u4e0b\u7684\u591a\u80bd\u94fe\uff08\u5c11\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b8b\u57fa\uff09\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u964d\u89e3\u5faa\u73af\u3002
Eman\u6682\u65f6\u771f\u7684\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u3002\u3002\u3002
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绛旓細鍔ㄧ墿鐢熺墿鍖栧璇曢绛旀 涓銆佸悕璇嶈В閲婏紙20鍒嗭紝姣忛2鍒嗭級1.浜氬熀锛氳緝澶х殑鐞冭泲鐧藉垎瀛愶紝寰寰鐢变簩鏉℃垨鏇村鏉＄殑澶氳偨閾剧粍鎴愬姛鑳藉崟浣銆傝繖浜涘鑲介摼鏈韩閮藉叿鏈夌悆鐘剁殑涓夌骇缁撴瀯锛屽郊姝や互闈炲叡浠烽敭鐩歌繛銆傝繖浜涘鑲介摼灏辨槸鐞冭泲鐧藉垎瀛愮殑浜氬熀銆傚畠鏄敱涓鏉¤偨閾剧粍鎴愶紝涔熷彲浠ラ氳繃浜岀～閿妸鍑犳潯鑲介摼杩炴帴鍦ㄤ竴璧风粍鎴愩2.鍚屽伐閰讹細...
绛旓細鑰冭瘯棰樼洰绫诲瀷涓,鍔ㄧ墿鐢熺悊瀛:鍚嶈瘝瑙ｉ噴銆佺畝绛旈銆佽瘯楠岄銆佽杩伴;鍔ㄧ墿鐢熺墿鍖栧:濉┖棰樸侀夋嫨棰樸佺畝绛旈銆佽瘯楠岄(閫傛儏鍐靛彲鑳戒細鏈夊垽鏂)銆 鎴8鏈堜唤寮濮嬪噯澶,绗竴杞妸涔︾畝鍗曠湅涓閬嶄互浜嗚В鍐呭,蹇埌10鏈堟椂鎵嶅紑濮嬭儗璇(濡傛灉鍙互,灏藉彲鑳芥棭浜涘紑濮嬭儗璇),澶嶄範鍓嶄竴瀹氳鐪嬩竴涓嬬湡棰樿冧粈涔,鎴戦氳繃鐪熼浜嗚В鍒,鑷懡棰樿冪殑寰堝鐭ヨ瘑...
绛旓細鑰冭瘯棰樼洰绫诲瀷涓,鍔ㄧ墿鐢熺悊瀛:鍚嶈瘝瑙ｉ噴銆佺畝绛旈銆佽瘯楠岄銆佽杩伴;鍔ㄧ墿鐢熺墿鍖栧:濉┖棰樸侀夋嫨棰樸佺畝绛旈銆佽瘯楠岄(閫傛儏鍐靛彲鑳戒細鏈夊垽鏂)銆 鎴8鏈堜唤寮濮嬪噯澶,绗竴杞妸涔︾畝鍗曠湅涓閬嶄互浜嗚В鍐呭,蹇埌10鏈堟椂鎵嶅紑濮嬭儗璇(濡傛灉鍙互,灏藉彲鑳芥棭浜涘紑濮嬭儗璇),澶嶄範鍓嶄竴瀹氳鐪嬩竴涓嬬湡棰樿冧粈涔,鎴戦氳繃鐪熼浜嗚В鍒,鑷懡棰樿冪殑寰堝鐭ヨ瘑...
绛旓細姣忓瀹屼竴绔犱細瀹屾垚銆鍔ㄧ墿瀛﹁緟瀵间笌涔犻瑙ｇ瓟(鐜嬪浗绉 涓荤紪)銆嬬殑濉┖棰樺苟鍋氭垚鍗＄墖澶嶄範,绋嶅井鐪嬩竴閬鍚嶈瘝瑙ｉ噴鍜岃В绛旇杩般傚洜涓烘槸閲囧彇婊氶洩鐞冨紡澶嶄範鏂规硶,姣忓ぉ瀛︿簡浠涔堝氨鎶婅璁扮殑鍐呭鍒朵綔浜唜xx鍗＄墖,鎸夌収杞欢鐨勮鍒掓瘡澶╁涔,鎵浠ユ垜娌℃湁鍑犺疆鍑犺疆澶嶄範,灏辨槸涓杞 鍔ㄧ墿瀛﹀弬鑰冧功鐩 鍖栧: 銆婃櫘閫氬寲瀛︺(绗笁鐗)璧靛＋閾庝富缂,涓浗...
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绛旓細鍔ㄧ墿钀ュ吇瀛︿富瑕佺爺绌躲佹彁绀哄拰闃愭槑鍔ㄧ墿鐢熷瓨銆佺敓浜ф垨鍋氬姛鎵闇瑕佺殑钀ュ吇鐗╄川锛涚爺绌剁‘瀹氫笉鍚岀敓浜ф潯浠跺舰鍔夸笅鍔ㄧ墿瀵瑰悇绉嶈惀鍏荤墿璐ㄧ殑閫傚疁闇瑕侀噺锛涜瘎瀹氬悇绫诲姩鐗╁楗叉枡涓殑钀ュ吇鐗╄川鐨勫埄鐢ㄧ巼锛涚爺绌跺拰闃愭槑鍚勭钀ュ吇鐗╄川鍦ㄥ姩鐗╀綋鍐呯殑娑堝寲銆佸惛鏀躲佷唬璋㈢壒鐐广佸姩鎬佸钩琛°佸姩鐗╃敓浜х壒鎬т箣闂寸殑鍏崇郴锛涚爺绌跺姩鐗╄惀鍏讳笌鍐呭鐜涔嬮棿鐨勫叧绯伙紱...
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