英语时态的四种句式 英语四种时态基本句型
\u82f1\u8bed\u65f6\u6001\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\uff1f\u53e5\u5f0f\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f\u5728\u201c
it
/this/that
+
be
+\u5e8f\u6570\u8bcd+time
+that
\u4ece\u53e5
\u201d\u7684\u53e5\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e3b\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u6216\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\u5e38\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\u5219\u5e38\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u3002
\u671b\u91c7\u7eb3\uff01
\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65f6\u6001\u662f16\u79cd\u800c\u975e4\u79cd\u30024\u65f6\u7ed3\u54084\u6001\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u82f1\u8bed\u768416\u79cd\u6838\u5fc3\u65f6\u6001\u3002
\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u578b\u6709\u4e24\u5927\u79cd\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u4e3b\u7cfb\u8868\u53e5\u578b\uff1b\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e72\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u4e3b\u8c13\u5bbe\u53e5\u578b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8c13\u5bbe\u53e5\u578b\u53c8\u7ec6\u5206\u4e864\u79cd\u3002
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8f7b\u677e\u7684\u5b66\u4f1a\uff0chttps://ke.qq.com/course/105711
\u4e5f\u53ef\u53c2\u8003\u300a\u82f1\u8bed\u601d\u7ef4\uff1a\u89e3\u5bc6\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u539f\u7406\u300b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u770b\u5b8c\u5c31\u660e\u767d\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e86\u3002
1）表示经常性，习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态，特征 和真理。句中常用often, usually, every day等时间状语，例如：
He goes to school every day. （经常性动作）
He is very happy.（现在的状态）
The earth moves around the sun. （真理）
2）在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用现在时表示将来，例如：
If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.
When I graduate, I’ll go to the countryside.
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.
3）有时这个时态表示按计划，规定要发生的动作。（句中都带有时间状语词）但仅限于少数动词，如：begin come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等，例如：
The meeting begins at seven.
The train starts at nine in the morning.
4）表示状态和感觉的动词。如be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound等常用一般现在时。例如：
I like English very much.
The story sounds interesting.
5）书报的标题，小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。
2. 一般过去时的用法
1）表示过去某时发生的事，存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作。
He saw Mr.Wang yesterday.
He worked in a factory in 1986.
2）表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to”和“would+动词原形”。例如：
I used to smoke.
During the vacation I would swim in the sea.
注意：used to表示过去常发生而现在不发生的动作或 存在的状态。另外“be used to+名词（动名词）”表示 “习惯于…… ”。例如：
I am used to the climate here.
He is used to swimming in winter.
3. 一般将来时的用法
一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态，其表达形式除了“will或shall+动词原形”外，还有以下几种形式。
1）“to be going to+动词原形”, 表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。例如：
It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
2）go, come, start, move, sail, leave等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作。例如：
I’m leaving for Beijing.
3)be to+动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。例如：
Are we to go on with this work?
The boy is to go to school tomorrow.
4）“be about to+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作。例如：
We are about to leave.
4. 现在进行时的用法
1）现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，由“to be+现在分词”构成。例如：
What are you doing?
2）表示感觉，愿望和状态的某些动词，如have, be, hear, see, like等词一般不用进行时。
5. 过去进行时的用法
1）过去进行时表示过去某一时刻，某一阶段正进行的动作，由“was (were)+现在分词”构成。例如：
In 1980 he was studying in a university.
He was reading a novel when I came in.
6. 现在完成时的用法
现在完成时由“have+过去分词”构成。其使用有两种情况：
1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响。句中没有明显时间状语。例如：
He has gone to Fuyang . (说话人认为他不在该地)
He has been to Fuyang. （说话人认为他在该地）
）现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。常用for和since表示一段时间的状语或so far, now, today, this week (month, year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。例如：
He has studied English for 5 years.
He has studied English since 1985.
Now I have finished the work.
注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come, go, die, marry, buy等的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的词连用。
3）现在完成时还可用在时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时完成的动作。例如：
I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.
If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we will go to the park.
7. 过去完成时的用法
）过去完成时由“had+过去分词” 构成，过去完成时的动作表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作状态。句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导的时间状语。例如：
By the end of last year we had built five new houses.
I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.
2）过去完成时的动词还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去。例如：
Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.
8）过去将来时的用法
过去将来时表示从过去的某时间看将要发生的动作或状态。过去将来时由“should或would+动词原形”构成。第一人称用should,其他人称用would.例如：
They were sure that they would succeed.
9）现在完成进行时的用法
现在完成进行时由“have (has)+been+现在分词”构成，表示现在以前一直在进行的动作。有些词，如work, study, live, teach等用现在完成进行时与用现在完成时意思差不多。例如：
I have worked here for three years.
I have been working here for three years.
但多数动词在这两种时态中表示不同意思。例如：
I have written a letter（已写完）
I have been writing a letter（还在写）
注意：表示短暂动作的动词，如finish, marry, get up, come go等不能用这种时态。
练习 选择最佳答案填空：
1.We _____ a party next weekend. I hope you can come.
A. have B. will have C. had D. would have
2. I _____ a book at home when I heard a loud noise outside the building.
A. have read B. was reading C. read D. had read
3. -- ____ my glasses?
-- Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.
A. Do you see B. Had you seen
C. Would you see D. Have you seen
4. Helen _____ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _____ home.
A. had left; comes B. left; had come
C. had left; came D. had left; would come
5. – Hi, Tracy, you look tired.
-- I am tired. I _____ the living room all day.
A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted
6. – You have left the light on.
-- Oh, so I have. _____ and turn it off.
A. I’ll go B. I’ve gone C. I go D. I’m going
7. The reporter said that the UFO _____ east to west when he saw it.
A. was traveling B. traveled
C. had been traveling D. was to travel
8. I _____ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.
A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
9. – You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it?
-- I’m sorry I _____ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you.
A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t D. didn’t say
10. I wonder why Jenny _____ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write C. won’t write D. hadn’t write
Key:1-5 BBDCC 6-10 AADDA
参考资料：知道
追问
可以把四种时态的陈述句，疑问句，否定句句型吗？如（主语+动词过去式+其他）谢谢了
回答
过去时一 构成
⑴ be→was— ( am, is 的过去式 )
were— ( are 的过去式 )
⑵ V. →V-ed ( 动词过去式 )
二 用法
⑴表示过去发生的动作或状态，通常会有明确的表示过去的时间状语。
I went to the zoo yesterday.
I stayed up last night ..
⑵叙述过去连续发生的动作或状态。
This morning , I got up early , went out for a walk , then came back and cooked for my family .
⑶表示过去某一段不确定的时间内发生的动作或状态。
He worked in the store for 5 years.
⑷讲故事时用一般过去时，但描述故事发生的背景时用过去进行时。
⑸ used to do sth. 过去常常(习惯)做某事
be used to doing sth 一直习惯做某事
I used to get up early. 我过去常常早起.
I am used to getting up early.我一直都习惯于早起.
三 公式
⑴be→was / were
肯：S.+ was∕were+…
否：S.+ wasn’t / weren’t +…
肯疑：Was∕Were + S. +…?
Yes, S.+ was∕were.
No, S.+ wasn’t∕weren’t.
否疑：Wasn’t∕Weren’t + S. +…?
Yes, S. + was∕were.
No, S.+ wasn’t∕weren’t.
⑵V. →V-ed
肯：S. + V-ed+…
否：S. + did not (didn’t )+ V原+…
肯疑：Did + S. + V原+…?
Yes, S.+ did.
No, S.+ didn’t.
否疑：Didn’t + S. + V原+…?
Yes, S.+ did.
No, S.+ didn’t.
现在时：当主语是第三人称单数时： 一般现在时
肯定句 主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句 主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句 Does+主语+动词原形+其他 肯定回答 Yes，主语+does 否定回答 No，主语+doesn't 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 当主语不是第三人称单数时： 肯定句 主语+动词原形+其他 否定句 主语+don't+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句 Do+主语+动词原形+其他 要注意，句式结构错则全局都错。
时态 - 一、 一般现在时
1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况.
2.时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,
3.基本结构：动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）
4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词.
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词.
6.例句：. It seldom snows here.
He is always ready to help others.
Action speaks louder than words..
时态 - 二、 一般过去时
1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为.
2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词 的过去式
4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词.
5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词.
6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.
I didn't know you were so busy.
时态 - 三、 现在进行时
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为.
2.时间状语：now, at this time, days, etc. look . listen
3.基本结构：be+doing
4.否定形式：be+not+doing.
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首.
6.例句： How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons.
时态 - 四、 过去进行时
1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作.
2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等.
3.基本结构 s+was/were+doing
4.否定形式：s+was/were + not + doing.
5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首.(第一个字母大写）
6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
一般现在时，一般过去时，现在进行时，过去进行时
绛旓細1銆鍙ュ紡 浠庡彞clause 浠庡睘鍙 subordinate clause 骞跺垪鍙 coordinate clause 鍚嶈瘝浠庡彞 nominal clause 瀹氳浠庡彞 attributive clause 鐘惰浠庡彞adverbial clause 瀹捐浠庡彞 object clause 涓昏浠庡彞 subject lause 鍚屼綅璇粠鍙ppositive clause 鏃堕棿鐘惰浠庡彞 adverbial clause of time 鍦扮偣鐘惰浠庡彞 adverbial clause of place...
绛旓細2)go, come, start, move, sail, leave绛夊彲鐢ㄨ繘琛屾椂鎬佽〃绀烘寜璁″垝鍗冲皢鍙戠敓鐨勫姩浣銆備緥濡: I鈥檓 leaving for Beijing. 3)be to+鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰鈥濊〃绀烘寜璁″垝瑕佸彂鐢熺殑浜嬫垨寰佹眰瀵规柟鎰忚銆備緥濡: Are we to go on with this work? The boy is to go to school tomorrow. 4)鈥渂e about to+鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰鈥濊〃绀哄嵆灏嗗彂鐢熺殑...
绛旓細1銆佷竴鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂锛欻e always gets up late on Sunday.浠栨槦鏈熷ぉ鎬绘槸璧峰緱寰堟櫄銆2銆佺幇鍦ㄨ繘琛屾椂锛歋teve is learning Chinese inBeijing.鍙茶拏澶鍦ㄥ寳浜涔犳眽璇3銆佺幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂锛歍he conference has lasted for five days.浼氳宸叉寔缁簡5澶┿4銆佷竴鑸繃鍘绘椂锛欼 has a word with Julia this morning.鎴戜粖鏃...
绛旓細涓昏+瀹炰箟鍔ㄨ瘝+鍏跺畠,濡:He gets up at six every day .涓鑸繃鍘绘椂:涓昏+Be鍔ㄨ瘝杩囧幓寮/瀹炰箟鍔ㄨ瘝杩囧幓寮+鍏跺畠,濡:She was at school just now . / She went to a movie last night .涓鑸皢鏉ユ椂:涓昏+will/are going to+Be鍔ㄨ瘝/瀹炰箟鍔ㄨ瘝+鍏跺畠,濡:I will have a good time tomorrow ...
绛旓細鏃舵 - 涓銆 涓鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂 1.姒傚康锛氱粡甯搞佸弽澶嶅彂鐢熺殑鍔ㄤ綔鎴栬涓哄強鐜板湪鐨勬煇绉嶇姸鍐.2.鏃堕棿鐘惰锛 always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month鈥), once a week, on Sundays,3.鍩烘湰缁撴瀯锛氬姩璇 鍘熷舰 锛堝涓昏涓虹涓変汉绉板崟鏁,鍔ㄨ瘝涓婅鏀逛负绗笁浜虹О鍗曟暟褰㈠紡锛4.鍚﹀畾褰㈠紡锛歛m/...
绛旓細鍙ュ紡:i am talking(鏍囧織璇嶅悗鍔犲姩璇嶈鐢ㄥ姩鍚嶈瘝褰㈠紡+ing)鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃惰〃绀哄埌璇磋瘽鏃朵负姝(鎴栧埌鐜板湪涓烘)宸茬粡鍙戠敓鎴栧畬鎴愪簡(涓嶄竴瀹氱粨鏉)鐨勫姩浣滄垨鐘舵併俒缂栬緫鏈]鍙ュ瀷 鍩烘湰缁撴瀯:涓昏+have/has+杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝(done) 鈶犺偗瀹氬彞:涓昏+have/has+杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝+鍏朵粬 鈶″惁瀹氬彞:涓昏+have/has+not+杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝+鍏朵粬 鈶竴鑸...
绛旓細1. 鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁敱鍔╁姩璇"have/has+鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勮繃鍘诲垎璇"鏋勬垚銆傝嫢涓昏涓轰笁浜虹О鍗曟暟锛屽垯鐢"has+杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝"锛涜嫢涓昏涓洪潪鍗曚笁锛屽垯鐢"have+杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝"銆俬ave, has鍦ㄥ悕璇嶆垨浠ｈ瘝鍚庣殑缂╁啓涓"'ve"鍜"'s"銆傚锛欼 have=I've, she has=she's锛 have not鍜宧as not鐨勭缉鍐欏舰寮忓垎鍒槸haven't, hasn't銆2. 鐜...
绛旓細鍒嗚瘝鐨勬椂鎬 鍒嗚瘝鐨勮鎬 鐙珛涓绘牸 鐙珛涓绘牸 With鐨勫鍚堢粨鏋 鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬 涓鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂鐨勭敤娉 涓鑸繃鍘绘椂鐨勭敤娉 used to/be used to 涓鑸皢鏉ユ椂 be going to/will be to鍜宐e going to 涓鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂琛ㄥ皢鏉 鐢ㄧ幇鍦ㄨ繘琛屾椂琛ㄧず灏嗘潵 鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃 姣旇緝杩囧幓鏃朵笌鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃 鐢ㄤ簬鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁殑鍙ュ瀷 姣旇緝since鍜宖or since鐨勫洓绉...
绛旓細鑻辫閲岄潰涓鍏辨湁鍗佸叚绉嶆椂鎬侊紝鏄洓涓滄椂鈥濓紙鐜板湪鏃躲佽繃鍘绘椂銆佸皢鏉ユ椂銆佽繃鍘诲皢鏉ユ椂锛変笌鍥涗釜鈥滄佲濓紙涓鑸紡銆佽繘琛屽紡銆佸畬鎴愬紡銆佸畬鎴愯繘琛屽紡锛夊搴旂粍鍚堣屾垚锛屽涓嬫墍绀猴細涓鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂 I do 鐜板湪杩涜鏃 I'm doing 鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃 I have done 鐜板湪瀹屾垚杩涜鏃 I have been doing 涓鑸繃鍘绘椂 I did...
绛旓細鑻辫鏃舵佸彞鍨嬬粨鏋勫涓嬶細1銆佹椂鎬佺殑瀹氫箟鍜屽垎绫 鏃舵佹槸鐢ㄦ潵琛ㄧず鍔ㄤ綔鎴栫姸鎬佸湪鏃堕棿涓婄殑鎯呭喌鍜屽彉鍖栫殑涓绉嶈娉曞舰寮忋傚湪鑻辫涓紝甯歌鐨勬椂鎬佹湁涓鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂銆佷竴鑸繃鍘绘椂銆佷竴鑸皢鏉ユ椂銆佺幇鍦ㄨ繘琛屾椂銆佽繃鍘昏繘琛屾椂銆佽繃鍘诲皢鏉ユ椂绛銆2銆佷竴鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂 涓鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂鐢ㄤ簬琛ㄨ堪缁忓父鍙戠敓鐨勫姩浣溿佸瑙備簨瀹炴垨鐪熺悊锛岄氬父浣跨敤鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勫師褰傚彞寮...
