高二苏教版语文必修五必背的古诗有哪些 高二语文必修五必背古诗文有哪些？
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\u90b9\u5fcc\u4fee\u516b\u5c3a\u6709\u4f59\uff0c\u800c\u5f62\u8c8c\u6633\u4e3d\u3002\u671d\u670d\u8863\u51a0\uff0c\u7aa5\u955c\uff0c\u8c13\u5176\u59bb\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5b70\u4e0e\u57ce\u5317\u5f90\u516c\u7f8e\uff1f\u201d\u5176\u59bb\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u541b\u7f8e\u751a\uff0c\u5f90\u516c\u4f55\u80fd\u53ca\u516c\u4e5f\uff01\u201d\u57ce\u5317\u5f90\u516c\uff0c\u9f50\u56fd\u4e4b\u7f8e\u4e3d\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\u5fcc\u4e0d\u81ea\u4fe1\uff0c\u800c\u590d\u95ee\u5176\u59be\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u543e\u5b70\u4e0e\u5f90\u516c\u7f8e\uff1f\u201d\u59be\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u5f90\u516c\u4f55\u80fd\u53ca\u541b\u4e5f\uff1f\u201d\u65e6\u65e5\uff0c\u5ba2\u4ece\u5916\u6765\uff0c\u4e0e\u5750\u8c08\uff0c\u95ee\u4e4b\u5ba2\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u543e\u4e0e\u5f90\u516c\u5b70\u7f8e\uff1f\u201d\u5ba2\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u5f90\u516c\u4e0d\u82e5\u541b\u4e4b\u7f8e\u4e5f\uff01\u201d\u660e\u65e5\uff0c\u5f90\u516c\u6765\uff0c\u5b70\u89c6\u4e4b\uff0c\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5982\uff1b\u7aa5\u955c\u800c\u81ea\u89c6\uff0c\u53c8\u5f17\u5982\u8fdc\u751a\u3002\u66ae\u5bdd\u800c\u601d\u4e4b\uff0c\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u543e\u59bb\u4e4b\u7f8e\u6211\u8005\uff0c\u79c1\u6211\u4e5f\uff1b\u59be\u4e4b\u7f8e\u6211\u8005\uff0c\u754f\u6211\u4e5f\uff1b\u5ba2\u4e4b\u7f8e\u6211\u8005\uff0c\u6b32\u6709\u6c42\u4e8e\u6211\u4e5f\u3002\u201d
\u4e8e\u662f\u5165\u671d\u89c1\u5a01\u738b\uff0c\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u81e3\u8bda\u77e5\u4e0d\u5982\u5f90\u516c\u7f8e\u3002\u81e3\u4e4b\u59bb\u79c1\u81e3\uff0c\u81e3\u4e4b\u59be\u754f\u81e3\uff0c\u81e3\u4e4b\u5ba2\u6b32\u6709\u6c42\u4e8e\u81e3\uff0c\u7686\u4ee5\u7f8e\u4e8e\u5f90\u516c\u3002\u4eca\u9f50\u5730\u65b9\u5343\u91cc\uff0c\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u57ce\uff0c\u5bab\u5987\u5de6\u53f3\u83ab\u4e0d\u79c1\u738b\uff0c\u671d\u5ef7\u4e4b\u81e3\u83ab\u4e0d\u754f\u738b\uff0c\u56db\u5883\u4e4b\u5185\u83ab\u4e0d\u6709\u6c42\u4e8e\u738b\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u89c2\u4e4b\uff0c\u738b\u4e4b\u853d\u751a\u77e3\uff01\u201d
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臣密言：臣以险衅,夙遭闵凶,生孩六月,慈父见背,行年四岁,舅夺母志.祖母刘愍臣孤弱,躬亲抚养.臣少多疾病,九岁不行,零丁孤苦,至于成立.既无叔伯,终鲜兄弟,门衰祚薄,晚有儿息.外无期功强近之亲,内无应门五尺之僮,茕茕孑立,形影相吊.而刘夙婴疾病,常在床蓐,臣侍汤药,未曾废离.
逮奉圣朝,沐浴清化.前太守臣逵,察臣孝廉；后刺史臣荣,举臣秀才.臣以供养无主,辞不赴命.诏书特下,拜臣郎中,寻蒙国恩,除臣洗马.猥以微贱,当侍东宫,非臣陨首所能上报.臣具以表闻,辞不就职.诏书切峻,责臣逋慢；郡县逼迫,催臣上道；州司临门,急于星火.臣欲奉诏奔驰,则刘病日笃,欲苟顺私情,则告诉不许.臣之进退,实为狼狈.
伏惟圣朝以孝治天下,凡在故老,犹蒙矜育,况臣孤苦,特为尤甚.且臣少仕伪朝,历职郎署,本图宦达,不矜名节.今臣亡国贱俘,至微至陋,过蒙拔擢,宠命优渥,岂敢盘桓,有所希冀!但以刘日薄西山,气息奄奄,人命危浅,朝不虑夕.臣无祖母,无以至今日,祖母无臣,无以终余年,祖孙二人,更相为命,是以区区不能废远.臣密今年四十有四,祖母刘今年九十有六,是臣尽节于陛下之日长,报刘之日短也.乌鸟私情,愿乞终养.
臣之辛苦,非独蜀之人士及二州牧伯所见明知,皇天后土,实所共鉴.愿陛下矜愍愚诚,听臣微志.庶刘侥幸,保卒余年.臣生当陨首,死当结草.臣不胜犬马怖惧之情,谨拜表以闻.
《逍遥游》
北冥有鱼,其名为鲲.鲲之大,不知其几千里也.化而为鸟,其名为鹏.鹏之背,不知其几千里也,怒而飞,其翼若垂天之云.是鸟也,海运则将徙于南冥.南冥者,天池也.《齐谐》者,志怪者也.《谐》之言曰：“鹏之徙于南冥也,水击三千里,抟扶摇而上者九万里,去以六月息者也.”野马也,尘埃也,生物之以息相吹也.天之苍苍,其正色邪?其远而无所至极邪?其视下也,亦若是则已矣.且夫水之积也不厚,则其负大舟也无力.覆杯水于坳堂之上,则芥为之舟；置杯焉则胶,水浅而舟大也.风之积也不厚,则其负大翼也无力.故九万里,则风斯在下矣,面后乃今培风；背负青天而莫之夭阏者,而后乃今将图南.
蜩与学鸠笑之曰：“我决起而飞,抢榆枋而止,时则不至,而控于地而已矣,奚以之九万里而南为?”适莽苍者,三餐而反,腹犹果然；适百里者宿舂粮,适千里者,三月聚粮.之二虫又何知?
小知不及大知,小年不及大年.奚以知其然也?朝菌不知晦朔,蟪蛄不知春秋,此小年也.楚之南有冥灵者,以五百岁为春,五百岁为秋.上占有大椿者,以八千岁为春,八千岁为秋.而彭祖乃今以久特闻,众人匹之.不亦悲平!
汤之问棘也是已：“穷发之北有冥海者,天池也.有鱼焉,其广数千里,未有知其修者,其名为鲲.有鸟焉,其名为鹏.背若泰山,翼若垂天之云.抟扶摇羊角而上者九万里,绝云气,负青天,然后图南,且适南冥也.斥鹅笑之曰：‘彼且奚适也?我腾跃而上,不过数仞而下,翱翔蓬蒿之间,此亦飞之至也.面彼且奚适也?’”此小大之辩也.
故夫知效一官,行比一乡,德合一君而征一国者,其自视也,亦若此矣.而宋荣子犹然笑之.且举世而誉之而不加劝,举世而非之而不加沮,定乎内外之分,辩乎荣辱之境,斯已矣.彼其于世,未数数然也.虽然,犹有未树也.夫列子御风而行,泠然善也.旬有五日而后反.彼于致福者,未数数然也.此虽免乎行,犹有所待者也.若夫乘天地之正,而御六气之辩,以游无穷者,彼且恶乎待哉?故曰：至人无己,神人无功,圣人无名.
原文：
少卿足下：曩者辱赐书,教以慎于接物,推贤进士为务,意气勤勤恳恳,若望仆不相师用,而流俗人之言.仆非敢如是也.虽罢驽,亦尝侧闻长者遗风矣.顾自以为身残处秽,动而见尤,欲益反损,是以抑郁而无谁语.谚曰：“谁为为之?孰令听之?”盖钟子期死,伯牙终身不复鼓琴.何则?士为知己用,女为说己容.若仆大质已亏缺,虽材怀随、和,行若由、夷,终不可以为荣,适足以发笑而自点耳.
书辞宜答,会东从上来,又迫贱事,相见日浅,卒卒无须臾之间得竭指意.今少卿抱不测之罪,涉旬月,迫季冬,仆又薄从上上雍,恐卒然不可讳.是仆终已不得舒愤懑以晓左右,则长逝者魂魄私恨无穷.请略陈固陋.阙然不报,幸勿过.
仆闻之,修身者智之府也,爱施者仁之端也,取予者义之符也,耻辱者勇之决也,立名者行之极也.士有此五者,然后可以讬于世,列于君子之林矣.故祸莫僭于欲利,悲莫痛于伤心,行莫丑于辱先,而诟莫大于宫刑.刑余之人,无所比数,非一世也,所从来远矣.昔卫灵公与雍渠载,孔子适陈；商鞅因景监见,赵良寒心；同子参乘,爰丝变色；自古而耻之.夫中材之人,事关于宦竖,莫不伤气,况伉慨之士乎!如今朝虽乏人,奈何令刀锯之余荐天下豪隽哉!仆赖先人绪业,得待罪辇毂下,二十余年矣.所以自惟：上之,不能纳忠效信,有奇策材力之誉,自结明主；次之,又不能拾遗补阙,招贤进能,显岩穴之士；外之,不能备行伍,攻城〔野战〕,有斩将搴旗之功；下之,不能累日积劳,取尊官厚禄,以为宗族交游光宠.四者无一遂,苟合取容,无所短长之效,可见于此矣.乡者,仆亦尝厕下大夫之列,陪外廷末议.不以此时引维纲,尽思虑,今已亏形为埽除之隶,在阘茸之中,乃欲印首信眉,论列是非,不亦轻朝廷,羞当世之士邪!嗟乎!嗟乎!如仆,尚何言哉!尚何言哉!
且事本末未易明也.仆少负不羁之才,长无乡曲之誉,主上幸以先人之故,使得奉薄技,出入周卫之中.仆以为戴盆何以望天,故绝宾客之知,忘室家之业,日夜思竭其不肖之材力,务壹心营职,以求亲媚于主上.而事乃有大谬不然者.夫仆与李陵俱居门下,素非相善也,趣舍异路,未尝衔歪酒接殷勤之欢.然仆观其为人自奇士,事亲孝,与士信,临财廉,取予义,分别有让,恭俭下人,常思奋不顾身以徇国家之急.其素所畜积也,仆以为有国士之风.夫人臣出万死不顾一生之计,赴公家之难,斯已奇矣.今举事壹不当,而全躯保妻子之臣随而媒孽其短,仆诚私心痛之.且李陵提步卒不满五千,深践戎马之地,足历王庭,垂饵虎口,横挑强胡,昂亿万之师,与单于连战十余日,所杀过当.虏救死扶伤不给,旃裘之君长咸震怖,乃悉徵左右贤王,举引弓之民,一国共攻而围之,转斗千里,矢尽道穷,救兵不至,士卒死伤如积.然李陵一呼劳军,士无不起,躬流涕,沫血饮泣,张空弮,冒白刃,北首争死敌.陵未没时,使有来报,汉公卿王侯皆奉觞上寿.后数日,陵败书闻,主上为之食不甘味,听朝不怡.大臣忧惧,不知所出.仆窃不自料其卑贱,见主上惨凄怛悼,诚欲效其款款之愚.以为李陵素与士大夫绝甘分少,能得人之死力,虽古名将不过也.身虽陷败,彼观其意,且欲得其当而报汉.事已无可奈何,其所摧败,功亦足以暴于天下.仆怀欲陈之,而未有路.适会召问,即以此指推言陵功,欲以广主上之意,塞睚眦之辞.未能尽明,明主不深晓,以为仆沮贰师,而为李陵游说,遂下于理.拳拳之忠,终不能自列,因为诬上,卒从吏议.家贫,财赂不足以自赎,交游莫救,左右亲近不为壹言.身非木石,独与法吏为伍,深幽囹圄之中,谁可告愬者!此正少卿所亲见,仆行事岂不然邪?李陵既生降,聩其家声,而仆又茸以蚕室,重为天下观笑.悲夫!悲夫!
《兰亭序》
永和九年,岁在癸丑,暮春之初,会于会稽山阴之兰亭,修禊事也.群贤毕至,少长咸集.此地有崇山峻岭,茂林修竹；又有清流激湍,映带左右,引以为流觞曲水,列坐其次.虽无丝竹管弦之盛,一觞一咏,亦足以畅叙幽情.是日也,天朗气清,惠风和畅,仰观宇宙之大,俯察品类之盛,所以游目骋怀,足以极视听之娱,信可乐也.
夫人之相与,俯仰一世,或取诸怀抱,悟言一室之内；或因寄所托,放浪形骸之外.虽趣舍万殊,静躁不同,当其欣于所遇,暂得于己,快然自足,曾不知老之将至.及其所之既倦,情随事迁,感慨系之矣.向之所欣,俯仰之间,已为陈迹,犹不能不以之兴怀.况修短随化,终期于尽.古人云：“死生亦大矣.”岂不痛哉!
每览昔人兴感之由,若合一契,未尝不临文嗟悼,不能喻之于怀.固知一死生为虚诞,齐彭殇为妄作.后之视今,亦犹今之视昔.悲夫!故列叙时人,录其所述,虽世殊事异,所以兴怀,其致一也.后之览者,亦将有感于斯文.
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