C5H12有3种不同结构：甲、CH3 （ CH2 ）3CH3，乙、CH3CH （CH3 ） CH2CH3 丙、c（CH3... C5H12有3种不同结构：甲、CH3（CH2）3CH3，乙、...
C5H12\u67093\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u7532\u3001CH3\uff08 CH2 \uff093CH3\uff0c\u4e59\u3001CH3CH \uff08CH3 \uff09 CH2CH3\uff0c\u4e19\u3001C\uff08CH3\uff094\uff0e\u4e0b\u5217\u76f8\u5173\u53d9\u8ff0\u6b63A\uff0eCH3\uff08CH2\uff093CH3\u3001CH3CH\uff08CH3\uff09CH2CH3\u3001C\uff08CH3\uff094\u662f\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\uff0c\u6545A\u9519\u8bef\uff1bB\uff0e\u7532\u70f7\u4e3a\u6b63\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5219\u7532\u6b63\u620a\u70f7\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u6700\u591a2\u4e2aC\u539f\u5b50\u5171\u76f4\u7ebf\uff0c\u6807\u51b5\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u539f\u5b50\u5171\u76f4\u7ebf\uff0c\u6545B\u9519\u8bef\uff1bC\uff0e\u6cb8\u70b9\uff1a\u6b63\u620a\u70f7\uff1e\u5f02\u620a\u70f7\uff1e\u65b0\u620a\u70f7\uff0c\u5373\u7532\u3001\u4e59\u3001\u4e19\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e19\u7684\u6cb8\u70b9\u6700\u4f4e\uff0c\u6545C\u6b63\u786e\uff1bD\uff0e\uff08CH3\uff094\u7684\u4e8c\u6c2f\u53d6\u4ee3\u7269\u67092\u79cdCHCl2C\uff08CH3\uff093\u3001\uff08CH2Cl\uff092C\uff08CH3\uff092\uff0c\u5373\u67092\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u6cb8\u70b9\u7684\u4e8c\u6c2f\u53d6\u4ee3\u7269\uff0c\u6545D\u9519\u8bef\uff1b\u6545\u9009C\uff0e
A\uff0eCH3\uff08CH2\uff093CH3\u3001CH3CH\uff08CH3\uff09CH2CH3\u3001C\uff08CH3\uff094\u662f\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\uff0c\u5747\u53ef\u4e0e\u6c2f\u6c14\u3001\u6eb4\u84b8\u6c14\u53d1\u751f\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6545A\u9519\u8bef\uff1bB\uff0eC5H12\u5b58\u57283\u79cd\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\uff1aCH3\uff08CH2\uff093CH3\u3001CH3CH\uff08CH3\uff09CH2CH3\u3001C\uff08CH3\uff094\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8868\u793a\u7eaf\u51c0\u7269\uff0c\u6545B\u9519\u8bef\uff1bC\uff0e\u6cb8\u70b9\uff1a\u6b63\u620a\u70f7\uff1e\u5f02\u620a\u70f7\uff1e\u65b0\u620a\u70f7\uff0c\u5373\u7532\u3001\u4e59\u3001\u4e19\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e19\u7684\u6cb8\u70b9\u6700\u4f4e\uff0c\u6545C\u6b63\u786e\uff1bD\uff0e\uff08CH3\uff094\u7684\u4e8c\u6c2f\u53d6\u4ee3\u7269\u67092\u79cdCHCl2C\uff08CH3\uff093\u3001\uff08CH2Cl\uff092C\uff08CH3\uff092\uff0c\u5373\u67092\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u6cb8\u70b9\u7684\u4e8c\u6c2f\u53d6\u4ee3\u7269\uff0c\u6545D\u9519\u8bef\uff1b\u6545\u9009C\uff0e
A．C（CH3）4的一氯代物只有一种CH2ClC（CH3）3，二氯代物有两种：CHCl2C（CH3）3、（CH2Cl）2C（CH3）2，即有2种不同沸点的二氯取代物，故A错误；B．C5，H12存在3种同分异构体：CH3（CH2）3CH3、CH3CH（CH3）CH2CH3、C（CH3）4，不能表示纯净物，故B错误；
C．CH3（CH2）3CH3、CH3CH（CH3）CH2CH3、C（CH3）4是分子式相同，结构不同，是同分异构体，不是同系物，均可与氯气、溴蒸气发生取代反应，故C错误；
D．酯类越多，沸点越低，则沸点：正戊烷＞异戊烷＞新戊烷，即甲、乙、丙中，丙的沸点最低，故D正确；
故选D．
绛旓細A锛嶤锛圕H3锛4鐨勪竴姘唬鐗╁彧鏈変竴绉岰H2ClC锛圕H3锛3锛屼簩姘唬鐗╂湁涓ょ锛欳HCl2C锛圕H3锛3銆侊紙CH2Cl锛2C锛圕H3锛2锛屽嵆鏈2绉嶄笉鍚娌哥偣鐨勪簩姘彇浠ｇ墿锛屾晠A閿欒锛汢锛C5锛孒12瀛樺湪3绉鍚屽垎寮傛瀯浣擄細CH3锛圕H2锛3CH3銆丆H3CH锛圕H3锛塁H2CH3銆丆锛圕H3锛4锛屼笉鑳借〃绀虹函鍑鐗╋紝鏁匓閿欒锛汣锛嶤H3锛圕H2锛3CH3銆丆H3CH...
绛旓細C₅H₁₂鐨勫悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋涓鍏鏈変笁绉銆傚垎鍒负姝ｆ垔鐑(鏃犳敮閾,涓婚摼涓5涓狢)銆佸紓鎴婄兎(涓婚摼4涓狢锛屾湁涓涓敳鍩猴紝浣嶄簬绗簩涓狢涓)鍜屾柊鎴婄兎(灏辨槸绫讳技鍗佸瓧鏋剁殑閭ｇ,涓婚摼涓変釜C,涓棿鐨凜涓鍏辫繛浜4涓敳鍩)銆傚叿浣撶殑缁撴瀯寮忓涓嬨1銆佹鎴婄兎鐨勭粨鏋勫紡 2銆佸紓鎴婄兎鐨勭粨鏋勫紡 3銆佹柊鎴婄兎鐨勭粨鏋勫紡 ...
绛旓細c5h12涓鍏辨槸瀛樺湪杩涓夌鍚鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋锛岃繖涓夌鍒嗗埆鏄鎴婄兎銆佸紓鎴婄兎杩樻湁鏂版垔鐑枫傚叾涓鎴婄兎灏辨槸涓嶅瓨鍦ㄧ潃鏀摼锛屽彧鏈変富閾句笂瀛樺湪鐫5涓猚锛岃屽紓鎴婄兎鍒欐槸涓婚摼涓婂瓨鍦4涓猚锛屾湁涓涓敳鍩烘槸鍦ㄧ2涓猚涓婇潰銆傝繕鏈夋柊鎴婄兎璺熷崄瀛楁灦鏄瘮杈冪被浼肩殑锛岃繖绉嶅畠鐨勪富閾句笂瀛樺湪鐫涓変釜c锛屼腑闂寸殑c涓鍏辨槸杩炴帴浜4涓敳鍩恒傛垔鐑峰湪姘ф皵涓...
绛旓細C5H12鏄垔鐑锛屾湁涓夌鍚鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋銆1銆佹鎴婄兎鐨勪簩姘唬鐗╂湁9绉嶃2銆佸紓鎴婄兎鐨勪簩姘唬鐗11绉嶃3銆佹柊鎴婄兎鐨勪簩姘唬鐗2绉嶃傛墍浠ヤ簩姘唬鐗╂湁22绉嶃侰5H12鐨勪竴姘唬鐗╂湁8绉嶏紝浜屾隘浠ｇ墿鏈16绉岰6H14鐨勪竴姘唬鐗╂湁17绉嶏紝浜屾隘浠ｇ墿鏈34绉C5 H12鐨勪竴姘唬鐗╋細姝ｆ垔鐑鏈3绉嶏紝寮傛垔鐑4绉嶏紝鏂版垔鐑1绉嶃備竴姘唬鐗╀篃...
绛旓細C5H12 鏄垔鐑凤紝鏈変笁绉嶅悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋锛屾鎴婄兎鐨勪簩姘唬鐗╂湁9绉嶏紝 寮傛垔鐑风殑浜屾隘浠ｇ墿11绉嶏紝 鏂版垔鐑风殑浜屾隘浠ｇ墿2绉嶏紝鎵浠ヤ簩姘唬鐗╂湁22绉嶏紝C5H12鐨勪簩姘唬鐗╂湁22绉嶅叿浣撶偣C5H12鏈3绉嶅悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋锛5涓狢杩炰竴鐩寸嚎锛4涓狢鐩寸嚎涓涓狢杩炰腑闂达紝3涓狢鐩寸嚎2涓狢杩炰腑闂 鎶婁袱涓狢l鍔犺繘鍘汇傛瘡绉嶉兘鏁帮紝5涓狢杩炰竴鐩寸嚎鐨...
绛旓細C5H12 涓夌,鍒嗗埆鏄鎴婄兎,寮傛垔鐑,鏂版垔鐑 C5H12O CH涓暟婊¤冻n:n+2 璇存槑鏄ケ鍜岀殑閱囩被鎴栭啔绫 閱囩被鐩撮摼閱鏈変笁涓,1-鎴婇唶,2-鎴婇唶,3-鎴婇唶 鐒跺悗,鏀摼閱囩殑璇 涓婚摼鏄竵閱 2/3-鐢插熀-1-涓侀唶 2/3-鐢插熀-2-涓侀唶 涓婚摼鏄笝閱 2,2-浜岀敳鍩-1-涓侀唶 閱氱被 鐩撮摼閱氭湁涓ょ,CH3-O-C4H9锛堢敳鍩烘涓佸熀閱氾級...
绛旓細鎴婄兎鐨勫垎瀛愬紡鏄C5H10 鍚屽垎寮傛瀯浣3绉 浜斾釜纰冲湪涓鏉￠摼涓婂洓涓⒊鍦ㄤ竴鏉￠摼涓婁笁涓⒊鍦ㄤ竴鏉￠摼涓婂叿浣撹鍥 涓夌鍚鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋
绛旓細1. C5H12 (涓夌)CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 鎴婄兎锛堜篃鍙彨姝ｆ垔鐑凤級CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH3 2-鐢插熀涓佺兎(鎴栧紓鎴婄兎)CH3-C(CH3)2-CH3 2,2-浜岀敳鍩轰笝鐑(鎴栨柊鎴婄兎)2. C6H14(浜旂)CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 宸茬兎 CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3 3-鐢插熀鎴婄兎 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH3 ...
绛旓細C5H12鐨勫悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋鏈夛細CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3銆丆H3CH锛圕H3锛塁H2CH3銆丆锛圕H3锛4锛孋H3CH2CH2CH2CH3涓紝鐢-OH鍙栦唬H鍘熷瓙鏈3绉嶇粨鏋勶紝鍏朵腑1绉嶆哀鍖栧緱鍒伴啗锛2绉嶆哀鍖栧緱鍒伴叜锛涳紙CH3锛2CHCH2CH3涓紝鐢-OH鍙栦唬H鍘熷瓙鏈4绉嶇粨鏋勶紝鍏朵腑2绉嶆哀鍖栧緱鍒伴啗锛1绉嶆哀鍖栧緱鍒伴叜锛屽彟1绉嶄笉鑳借姘у寲锛汣锛圕H3锛4涓紝鐢-OH鍙栦唬H...
绛旓細鎴婄兎鏈3绉鍚屽垎寮傛瀯浣擄紝鍒嗗埆鏄鎴婄兎銆佸紓鎴婄兎銆佹柊鎴婄兎銆傛鎴婄兎锛屽寲瀛﹀紡C5H12锛鐑风儍涓殑绗簲涓垚鍛樸傛鎴婄兎鏈2绉嶅悓鍒嗗紓鏋勪綋锛氬紓鎴婄兎锛堟哺鐐28掳C锛夊拰鏂版垔鐑凤紙娌哥偣10掳C锛夛紝鈥滄垔鐑封濅竴璇嶉氬父鎸囨鎴婄兎锛屽嵆鍏剁洿閾惧紓鏋勪綋銆傛垔鐑峰彲鐢卞ぉ鐒舵皵鎴栫煶娌瑰偓鍖栬瑙ｃ佺儹鍒嗚В杩囩▼涓幏寰椼傜敱浜庣簿鍒剁▼搴涓嶅悓锛甯稿惈鏈塁5...
