谁能给我总结一下虚拟语气的用法（包括一般的规律以及表语、主语、宾语和特殊的虚拟语气） 虚拟语气的用法归纳
\u8c01\u80fd\u6559\u6559\u6211\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1f\u4e0a\u5b66\u671f\u78b0\u5de7\u7ed9\u4eba\u8bb2\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u3002
\u4f8b\u53e5\u6765\u6e90\u662f\u300a\u5f20\u9053\u771f\u8bed\u6cd5\u300b
1\uff09\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a
\u5728\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u79cd\u5047\u76f8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u4e3b\u89c2\u613f\u671b\u65f6\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcd\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u8981\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u3002
\u6d89\u53ca\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1a\u539f\u578b\u3001\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u3001\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u3001\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6
\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\uff1a\u7528\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u578b\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u9700\u8981\u505a\u6216\u8005\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e00\u822c
It is important that he work hard.
They propose that Dr. wood be elected.
Our decision is that the school remain closed.
\u8fc7\u53bb\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\uff0cwere\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u4eba\u79f0\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4f30\u8ba1\u3001\u671f\u671b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6bd4\u4e0a\u4e00\u79cd\u4f4e
If here were leaving, you would have heard about it.
If she were here, she would speak on my behalf.
I wish she were not married.
\u5176\u4ed6\u865a\u62df\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\uff1a
I wish the bus went to the university.
He acts as if he knew me.
If he found a patient listener, he would pour out his trouble.
\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd
If only I had listened to my parents!
If I had seen her, I would have told her.
I wish I hadn\u2019t wasted so much money
\u6709\u4e9b\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e5f\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14
I wish I could speak your language.
If only she would go with me!
\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u5e38\u7528should+\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u578b
I demand that the committee reconsider/should reconsider its decision.
2\uff09\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6cd5
\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u60c5\u51b5
It doesn\u2019t matter if you can\u2019t find her.
If you can do it, so can I.
Don\u2019t come unless I telephone.
Suppose you disagree with anything he suggests, you can come to me.
\u8fd9\u7c7b\u53e5\u5b50\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531if\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u6761\u4ef6\u4ece\u53e5\u7531unless, suppose\u5f15\u8d77\u3002\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u771f\u5b9e\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u3002
I must leave if that\u2019s the case.
You will forgive me if I have given you pain.
If she said so, she\u2019s a liar.
If Colin is in London, he is undoubtedly staying at the Hilton.
She\u2019s taking a stick with her in case she has any trouble on the way.
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u3002\u53e5\u4e2d\u8c13\u8bed\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u9648\u8ff0\u8bed\u6c14\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u7eaf\u7136\u662f\u5047\u60f3\uff0c\u662f\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u6216\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e0d\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53e5\u5b50\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5
If I were you, I\u2019d go to night school.
If he changed his opinions, he\u2019d be a more likeable person.
If she were younger, she would study computer science.
If anything had happened, he would have let her know.
If they had invited her, she would have attended it. \u6b64\u7c7b\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u3002
\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u5728\u6216\u8005\u5c06\u6765\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\uff1a\u4e3b\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\uff0cwould + \u539f\u578b\uff1b\u6761\u4ef6\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f
If we had enough money, we would buy a computer.
If they invited me, I would certainly attend it.
If you didn\u2019t stay up so late every evening, you wouldn\u2019t feel so sleepy in the morning.
\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u662fbe\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528were
If there were anything to tell, I would tell it to you.
If she were trying harder, her parents wouldn\u2019t be so anxious.
\u5728\u53e3\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u3001\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528was
If I was rich, I would buy you anything you wanted.
\u8fd9\u7c7b\u53e5\u5b50\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f
\u5728\u4e3b\u53e5\u4e2d\u6709\u65f6\u7528could\u6216might\u6784\u6210\u8c13\u8bed
If he knew the facts, he could tell us what to do.
If he were here, he could help us.
If we had more police, there might be less crime.
\u7528were to / was to\u6784\u6210\u8c13\u8bed\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\u4e07\u4e00\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5
If you were to speak to him, it would carry more weight.
If I were to ask, would you help me?
\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u6709\u65f6\u7528would\u8868\u793a\u613f\u610f
If Ann would admit this I shouldn\u2019t quarrel with her.
I should be glad if you would give me an account of it.
If \u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u7528\u5012\u88c5
Were she in charge (if she were in charge), she would do things differently.
Were she here, she would support the motion.
Were the government to cut VAT, prices would fall.
Were it to reveal its secret, that house would collapse in shame.
Should I be free tomorrow, I will come.
Should you change your mind, no one would blame you.
Should she be interested, I\u2019ll phone her.
\u4ece\u53e5\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u7528if it were not for\u8868\u793a\u82e5\u4e0d\u662f
If it weren\u2019t for your help, I would still be homeless.
You wouldn't be anywhere if it weren\u2019t for Ruth.
Were it not for your help, I wouldn\u2019t be doing so well.
\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u7528\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u578b
If any person be found guilty, he shall have the right of appeal.
If that be the official view, it cannot be accepted.
\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14
Suppose we told her the truth.
Imagine your child played truant.
Suppose he were lost.
Without me to supplement your income, you wouldn\u2019t be able to mange.
Just suppose everyone were to give up smoking and drinking.
\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\uff1a\u6761\u4ef6\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\uff0chad+\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff1b\u4e3b\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\uff0cwould have+\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd
\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4ece\u53e5\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u60c5\u51b5
If anything had happened, he would have let her know.
If I had worked harder at school, I\u2019d have got a better job.
If you hadn\u2019t studied hard, you\u2019d have failed the exam.
\u5728\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528had been\u6784\u6210\u8c13\u8bed
If I had been you, I\u2019d have taken the job.
\u8fd9\u7c7b\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u7279\u4f8b\uff1a
\u4e3b\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528could\u6216might should\u6784\u6210\u8c13\u8bed
If he had known the facts, he could have told us what to do.
If she had been here, she could have met my sister.
If he had received the present, he should have thanked her.
\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u7528if it had not been for\u4ee5\u53ca\u5012\u88c5\u5f0f\u7684had it not been for\u505a\u8c13\u8bed\uff0c\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u8981\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u201d
If it hadn\u2019t been for Margaret, I might not have understood.
If it hadn\u2019t been for the rain, we would have had a good harvest.
If it hadn\u2019t been for the doctor\u2019s care, I wouldn\u2019t have recovered so soon.
\u53ef\u628a\u4ece\u53e5\u5012\u88c5\uff0c\u7701\u7565if
Had I known your address, I would have written before.
Had I not seen with my own eyes, I would not have believed it.
Had Mark been in charge, it wouldn\u2019t have happened.
\u5728\u4e3b\u53e5\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\u540e\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u7528should
I should have talked to mother if I had thought of it.
I should never have done it if I hadn\u2019t been so hard up.
\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5
\u4e3b\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\u548c\u4ece\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u540c
If you\u2019d listened to me, you wouldn\u2019t be in such trouble now.
If it hadn\u2019t been for her care, I should not be speaking to you now.
\u542b\u84c4\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\uff1a\u53e5\u5b50\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u6761\u4ef6\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u5374\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a
To hear him talk, you\u2019d think he was Prime Minister.
But for his pension, he would starve.
Without your help, I couldn\u2019t have achieved all this.
In different circumstances, I might have agreed.
Any person who had behave in that way would have been dismissed.
Don\u2019t bother to read all these papers. It would take too long.
I\u2019d hate to lose this pen.
\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5
\u9519\u7efc\u65f6\u95f4\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\uff1a
If I had not got married, I would still have been living abroad.
If she were trying harder, her parents wouldn\u2019t be so anxious
If it had been raining this morning, we would have stayed home
3\uff09\u5728\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528
\u6709\u65f6\u4e3b\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\u548c\u4ece\u53e5\u8c13\u8bed\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u540c
If you\u2019d listened to me, you wouldn\u2019t be in such trouble now.
If it hadn\u2019t been for her care, I should not be speaking to you now.
\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff1awish \u540e\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6307\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5
I wish we had more money.
I wish I knew the answer to your question.
I wish I were a bird.
I wish the sun was shining at this moment.
\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u610f\u601d\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u6709\u61ca\u6094\u7684\u610f\u601d
I wish that I had never met him.
He wished he hadn\u2019t done it.
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u6307\u5c06\u6765\uff0c\u7528would\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u8f83\u4f4e\uff09\uff0c\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e00\u79cd\u5ba2\u6c14\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42
I wish you wouldn\u2019t smoke any more.
I wish you wouldn\u2019t be so noisy.
\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u7528could\u6784\u6210\u8c13\u8bed\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u7528might
I wish he could come tomorrow
I wish I could be of some use.
She sincerely wished that she might do something to comfort him
Would rather\u540e\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u8c13\u8bed\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u5728\u6216\u5c06\u6765
I would rather they left on an early train.
I would much rather it was forgotten.
I\u2019d rather she didn\u2019t sit next to me.
\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb
I\u2019d rather you had been present.
Kate went by car and I\u2019d rather she hadn\u2019t.
I\u2019ve told her about it. \u2013 I\u2019d rather you hadn\u2019t.
\u53e6\u5916had rather\u548cprefer\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14
I had rather you did it
She preferred that he should do it in the kitchen.
I prefer that she drive.
\u6b64\u5916\u5728if only, suppose\u540e\u4e5f\u5e38\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u8868\u793a\u60cb\u60dc
If only I had listened to your advice!
If only I were not so nervous now.
Suppose I were to lend him five pounds
Demand, insist, ask\u7b49\u52a8\u8bcd\u540e\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5
He urges that the restrictions be lifted.
They demanded that the right to vote be given to every adult man.
Rose insisted that he be present.
I ask that he leave.
The doctor advised that he change his job.
They recommend that this tax be abolished.
The committee proposed Mr. Big be elected.
We requested that the meeting be cancelled.
They intended that the news be suppressed.
\u82f1\u56fd\u8fc7\u53bb\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u578b\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0ashould\u3002\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f1a\u52a0\u4e0ashould\u8868\u793a\u201c\u7adf\u7136\u4f1a\u201d
I regret that she should worry about it.
I can\u2019t think why he should have been so angry.
\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u5728\u4e3b\u8bed\u3001\u8868\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd0\u7528
\u4e0d\u5c11\u4e3b\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\u539f\u578b
It\u2019s vital that we be present.
It was intended that you be the candidate.
It is important that this mission not fail.
It is appropriate that this tax be abolished.
\u6709\u65f6\u7528should\uff0b\u539f\u578b\uff0c\u6709\u201c\u7adf\u7136\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d
It\u2019s a pity that he should be so obstinate.
It\u2019s amazing that she should have said nothing about it.
That they should refuse to sign the petition required great courage.
\u8868\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff1a
Sophia\u2019s idea was that they should lock up the house.
Her suggestion was that they carry on their conversation in French.
\u540c\u4f4d\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5
They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished.
They expressed the wish that she accept the award.
The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried.
\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5
I\u2019m surprised that he should feel lonely.
I\u2019m anxious that I shouldn\u2019t be in the way.
They were insist that we be ready.
I\u2019m afraid the journey would be expensive.
As if/though\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u8f83\u591a
He acts as if he knew you.
The stuffed dog barked as if it were a real one.
She closed here eyes as though she too were tired.
\u6709\u65f6\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u4e0d\u660e\u663e
She looked a bit queer, as if she knew something.
He paused as though he found a difficulty.
\u67d0\u4e9b\u8ba9\u6b65\u4ece\u53e5\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u4ece\u53e5
Come what may, we will go ahead with our plan.
Though he be the President himself, he shall hear us.
Whether she be right or wrong, she will have my support.
Be that as it may, we have nothing to lose.
Eloquent though she was, she could not persuade him.
Whatever be the reasons for their action, we cannot tolerate such disloyalty.
Poor though you might be, you cannot live all your life on charity.
\u76ee\u7684\u4ece\u53e5\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u4f5c\u8c13\u8bed
They removed the prisoner in order that he would not disturb the proceedings any further.
They\u2019ve arranged that I should absent myself for part of the meeting.
They left early for fear they sould meet him.
The president must reject the proposal, lest it cause strife and violence.
\u5728\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6709\u65f6\u7528\u539f\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u591a\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002\u4ee5so that \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u53e5\u591a\u7528can, may\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u53e5\u7528 should, would, will.
A. I hired a boat so that I could go fishing.
B. Speaking clearly so that they may understand you.
A. He looked down so that he should not see your eyes.
B. He wore a mask so that on one should recognize him.
A. I wanted her to take this job so that she would be occupied.
B. You must explain the situation plainly so that they will understand.
\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6cd5
\u8868\u793a\u795d\u613f\uff1a
God bless you!
God save the Queen!
Heaven forbid that I should let my own parents suffer.
God be praised.
(God) Damn it.
Long live the Republic!
Heaven help us!
So be it.
Please God, there hasn\u2019t been an accident.
So help me God.
4\uff09
\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fa\u5b9a\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff1a
Suffice it to say that we won.
Far be it from me to spoil the fun.
So be it then!
\u6709\u4e9b\u795d\u613f\u7684\u8bdd\u7528may\u5f00\u5934
May you always be happy!
May you have a long and happy life!
May all your dreams come true.
\u7528\u5728it\u2019s time\u540e\u7684\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14
It\u2019 time\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14
I think it\u2019s time you went to bed.
It\u2019s time we ordered dinner.
I think it\u2019s time they were taught a lesson.
It\u2019s high time they began to take you seriously.
I think it\u2019s high time that she made up her mind.
It\u2019s high time you bought a new car.
\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u53e5\u578b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14
\u7531that\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u53e5\u5b50
That he should dare to speak in that tone of voice to me!
Oh, that you would be quite.
Oh, that I could fly.
Would
Would that the end might never come!
Would that we had seen her before she died.
Would that I were with her now.
To think
To think he would come to anything like that.
To think that she should have died such a tragic death.
\u7528\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6210\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14
As it were
He is a grown-up baby, as it were.
He became, as it were a kind of hero from a strand land.
He was, as if were, intoxicated by the soft air and sunshine of spring
Would think
Anyone would think you were in love with the girl.
Anyone would think he owns the place, the way he talks!
He would never think of letting his daughter marry a fellow like you.
Would have thought
Who would have thought to see you here!
You would have thought the school would do more to help a child like Craig.
Should\u2026but \u539f\u6765\u662f\u2026\u2026
Who should come in but his first wife!
When I got off the boat whom should I see but you!
What should I find but an enormous spider.
Would rather + \u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f
I would rather be a miner than a bank clerk.
He\u2019d rather not go by car.
If I\u2019d lived in 1400, I\u2019d rather have been a knight than a monk.
I\u2019d much sooner be happy than rich.
If need be (\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981)
If need be, help him to do it.
I will come if need be.
I\u2019ll work at night if need be.
\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u52a8\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8bf4\u8bdd\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u613f\u671b\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u731c\u6d4b\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u7b49\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002 If I were you, I'd take them away. \u5982\u679c\u6211\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u4f1a\u5e26\u8d70\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002 If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him. \u5982\u679c\u6211\u78b0\u89c1\u4e86\u674e\u534e\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\u4e86\u3002 If I had time. I could come to help you. \u5982\u679c\u6211\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u7684\u3002 He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. \u4ed6\u5efa\u8bae\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u73ed\u5e94\u8be5\u5206\u6210\u4e94\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7ec4\u3002 He speaks to us as if he had been there. \u4ed6\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u7684\u597d\u8c61\u4ed6\u53bb\u8fc7\u90a3\u513f\u3002
\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7684\u7528\u6cd5
1) \u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7528\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u795d\u613f\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002 May you be happy. \u795d\u4f60\u5e78\u798f\u3002 May you have a good time. \u795d\u613f\u4f60\u73a9\u7684\u75db\u5feb\u3002 May the friendship between us last long. \u795d\u613f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u53cb\u60c5\u5929\u957f\u5730\u4e45\u3002 Have a good journey! \u795d\u613f\u4f60\u65c5\u9014\u6109\u5feb\uff01 You go out\uff01 \u4f60\u51fa\u53bb\uff01
2) \u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7528\u5728\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u3002\u52a8\u8bcd wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,\u7b49\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\uff0c\u5bbe\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u52a8\u4f5c\u8868\u793a\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u613f\u671b\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u3002 I wish she would be on my side. \u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u5979\u80fd\u7ad9\u5728\u6211\u4e00\u8fb9\u3002 I wish I could help him. \u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u3002 He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means. \u4ed6\u575a\u6301\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u5927\u5bb6\u60f3\u5c3d\u529e\u6cd5\u6309\u65f6\u53bb\u90a3\u513f\u3002 \u52a8\u8bcd demand, suggest, order, insist, propose \u540e\u9762\u7684\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c"should" \u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u3002 The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class. \u8001\u5e08\u5efa\u8bae\u6211\u4eec\u8bfe\u540e\u628a\u9ed1\u677f\u64e6\u4e86\u3002 He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves. \u4ed6\u8981\u6c42\u5b66\u751f\u6bcf\u5468\u90fd\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u6d17\u8863\u670d\u3002
3) \u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7528\u5728\u4e3b\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u3002 \u5728\u53e5\u578b "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " \u4e2d\uff0cthat \u540e\u9762\u7684\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7528\uff1a should + \u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62 It's necessary that we should have a walk now. \u6211\u4eec\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u51fa\u53bb\u6563\u6563\u6b65\u3002 It's natural that she should do so. \u5979\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u3002 It's important that we should take good care of the patient. \u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u7167\u987e\u597d\u75c5\u4eba\u3002
4) \u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7528\u5728\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u3002 \u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u6700\u591a\u5730\u7528\u5728\u8868\u793a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u548c\u8868\u793a\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u65f6\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcd\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u73b0\u5728\u3001\u8fc7\u53bb\u548c\u5c06\u6765\u3002 A\uff0e\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff1a If I (we,you,he,they)+ \u52a8\u8bcd\u8fc7\u53bb\u5f0f.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + \u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u3002 He (you,they) would + \u52a8\u8bcd\u539f\u5f62\u3002 B\uff0e\u4e0e\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff1a If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + \u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd I(we)should + have+ \u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u3002He (you,they) would + have + \u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u3002 If I were you, I should buy it. \u5982\u679c\u6211\u662f\u4f60\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u4e70\u4e86\u5b83\u3002 If I had time, I would study French. \u5982\u679c\u6211\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5b66\u4e60\u6cd5\u8bed\u7684\u3002 If she knew English,she would not ask me for help. \u5982\u679c\u5979\u61c2\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5979\u4e0d\u4f1a\u627e\u6211\u5e2e\u5fd9\u7684\u3002 If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u65e9\u4e00\u70b9\u8d77\u5e8a\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d76\u4e0a\u706b\u8f66\u7684\u3002 If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping. \u5982\u679c\u660e\u5929\u5929\u6c14\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u53bb\u4e70\u4e1c\u897f\u3002
***\u6709\u5173\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898***
1) \u6709\u65f6if\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565 if\uff0c\u800c\u628a\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd were, had \u6216 should \u79fb\u5230\u4e3b\u8bed\u524d\u9762\u3002 Were she younger, she would do it . \u5982\u679c\u5979\u5e74\u9752\u70b9\uff0c \u5979\u5c31\u4f1a\u5e72\u7684\u3002 Had he known her address, he would had gone to visit her. \u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u5979\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u53bb\u770b\u5979\u7684\u3002
2) \u6709\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4ece\u53e5\u6216\u8005\u4e3b\u53e5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u53e5\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u4ece\u53e5\u3002 I could help you. \u6211\u672c\u6765\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u3002 If I had time. \u6211\u8981\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u8be5\u591a\u597d\u554a\uff01 She should have come to the party. \u5979\u5e94\u8be5\u6765\u53c2\u52a0\u805a\u4f1a\u3002 If he had much more money. \u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u94b1\u5c31\u80fd...\u3002
3) \u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u4e2d\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u52a8\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u4e3b\u53e5\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6\u6001\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002 If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. \u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u524d\u52aa\u529b\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5e72\u7684\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bb9\u6613\u4e9b\u3002 If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this. \u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u542c\u53d6\u6211\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e72\u5f97\u8fd9\u6837\u597d\u3002
条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生：
If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间，我就同他们去。(陈述语气)
If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你，我就同他们去。(虚拟语气)
▲ 与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：
If I knew her number ，I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道)
▲与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”：
If I’d left sooner，I’d have been on time. 要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了)
▲与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：
If I asked him，I’m sure he’d help us. 如果我向他提出要求，肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做)
注：几点特别说明
① 主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后。would, might, could的大致区别是：would表示结果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较：
If you tried again ，you would succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。(would表结果)
If you tried again， you might succeed. 要是你再试一试，你可能会成功的。(might表可能)
If you tried again ，you could succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就能成功了。(could表能力)
④ 对于与将来事实相反的情形，请注意以下几点：一是这里说的与将来事实相反，实为对将来情况的推测；二是此用法中的条件从句谓语除用过去式外，有时也用“should+动词原形”(表示可能性极小，常译为“万一”)或“were to+动词原形”(表示与将来事实相反的假设)；三是当条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语时，主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气外，也可用直陈语气或祈使语气：
If it should rain tomorrow, don’t expect me. 万一明天下雨，就不要等我了。（祈使语气）
If I should see him, I’ll tell him. 万一我见到他，我就告诉他。（直陈语气）
2、错综时间虚拟条件句
所谓错综时间虚拟条件句即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整：
If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now. 要是昨晚下过雨的话，现在地面就会是湿的。
You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. 假若你当时听我的话，你现在就会好多了。
3、两个常考虚拟语气句型
▲ 句型介绍
这两个句型是If it weren’t for…和If it hadn’t been for…，这是两个很常用的虚拟语气句型，也经常受到命题人的青睐，其意为“若不是(有)”“要不是有”。如：
If it weren’t for water, no plant could grow. 要是没有水植物就无法生长。
If it hadn’t been for your assistance ，we wouldn’t have succeeded.
=But for your assistance ，we wouldn’t have succeeded.
=Without your assistance ，we wouldn’t have succeeded.
5、wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气
▲ 用法说明
动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；若表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词；若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would (could)＋动词原形。如：
注：特别注意
从句的时态只与从句所指的时间有关，而与wish的时态无关，比较：
I wish I were rich. 要是我现在有钱就好了。
I wish I had been rich. 要是那时我有钱就好了。
I wished I were rich. 当时我后悔自己没有钱。
I wished I had been rich. 当时我后悔自己曾经没有钱。
6、if only后的句子用虚拟语气
if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish后所接时态的情况相同：
If only she had had more courage! 她再勇敢一些就好了。
If only I had listened to my parents! 我要是当时听了父母的话就好了。
If only she would go with me! 她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!
注：if only 通常独立使用，没有主句。
7、as if (though) 从句用虚拟语气
▲ 基本用法
以as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气，若表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；若表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；表示将来的可能性不大，用would (might, could)+动词原形：
He acts as if he knew me. 他显得认识我似的。
They treat me as though I were a stranger. 他们待我如陌生人。
He talks as if he had been abroad. 他说起话来好像曾经出过国。
注：两点说明
(1) 从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实，也可用陈述语气：
It looks as if we’ll be late. 我们似乎要迟到了。
(2) 注意 It isn’t as if…的翻译：
It isn’t as if he were poor. 他不像穷的样子(或他又不穷)。
8、It’s time后的从句用虚拟语气
▲ 基本用法
从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见，且should不能省略)，其意为“(早)该干某事了”：
It’s time we went [were going, should go]. 我们该走了。
It’s time I was in bed. 我该上床睡了。(不用were)
9、would rather后句子用虚拟语气
在would rather, would sooner, would just as soon 后的that从句中, 句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气， 表示”宁愿做什么” ，具体用法为：
▲ 一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望
I’d rather you went tomorrow (now). 我宁愿你明天(现在)去。
▲ 用过去完成时表过去的愿望
I’d rather you hadn’t said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。
10、宾语从句用虚拟语气的10种类型
▲ I wish后的宾语从句
动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；若表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词；若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would (could)＋动词原形。如：
I wish I could be of some use. 我希望我能有什么用处。
We wish he didn’t smoke. 我们希望他不吸烟。
I wish prices would come down. 我希望物价能降下来。
▲ 表示“坚持”后的宾语从句
主要是指insist的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：
I insisted that he (should) stay. 我坚持要他留下。
注：动词insist后接宾语从句时，除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气，两者的区别是：若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。比较：
He insisted that I had read his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信。
He insisted that I should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信。
▲ 表示“命令”后的宾语从句
主要是指order, command的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：
He ordered that it (should) be sent back. 他命令把它送回去。
▲ 表示“建议”后的宾语从句
主要是指advise, suggest, propose, recommend等的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：
He suggested that we should leave early. 他建议我们早点动身。
注：与动词insist相似，动词suggest后接宾语从句时，除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气，两者的区别也是：若谓语动词所表示的情况尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气，此时suggest通常译为“建议”；若谓语动词所表示的情况为既成事实，则要用陈述语气，此时的suggest通常译为“表明”、“认为”。比较并体会：
He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. 他建议我们留下吃饭。
I suggested that you had a secret understanding with him. 我觉得你与他心照不宣。
▲ 表示“要求”后的宾语从句
主要是指ask, demand, require, request等后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：
I ask that he leave. 我要求他走开。
He requires that I (should) appear. 他要求我出场。
▲ 表示“提议”“投票”后的宾语从句
主要是指move, vote等后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：
I move that we accept the proposal. 我提议通过这项提案。
▲ 表示“敦促”后的宾语从句
主要是指动词urge后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：
He urged that they go to Europe. 他敦促他们到欧洲去。
▲ 表示“安排”后的宾语从句
主要是指动词arrange后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：
He arranged that I should go abroad. 他安排我去国外。
▲ 表示“希望”“打算”后的宾语从句
主要是指动词desire, intend后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：
She desires that he do it. 她希望他做此事。
▲ 表示“指示”后的宾语从句
主要是指动词direct后的宾语从句，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如：
The general directed that the prisoners should be set free. 将军指示释放那些俘虏。
11、主语从句中的虚拟语气
在It is necessary，important，strange，natural， advisable, anxious, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative(绝对必要), impossible, improper, obligatory, possible, preferable, probable, recommended, urgent, vital etc. ；it is a pity；It is requested/suggested/desired/proposed等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形。如：
▲ It’s important…类
这一类型主要包括It is (was) important (necessary, desirable, imperative, advisable)that. . .句型。如：
It is impossible that he should go home. 他不可能会回家去。
▲ It’s a pity…类
It is a pity that she should fare so badly. 她竟吃得这么差，真可怜。
▲ It’s desired…类
这种主语从句还常用在It is (was) desired (suggested, settled, proposed, requested, decided, etc. ) that...句型。如：
It is requested that a vote be taken. 建议付诸表决。
12、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在advice, agreement, command, decision, decree, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement, stipulation ，suggestion， idea，plan，order等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形或只用动词原形。如：
Our suggestion is that you（ should）be the first to go． 我们的建议是你应该第一个去。
13、 在 lest ，for fear that( 以免) , in case (以防)引导的目的状语从句中的虚拟语气
在 lest ，for fear that( 以免) , in case (以防)从句中用should＋动词原形, should 可以省略.
She walked quietly lest she (should) wake up her roommates. 她走得很轻以免吵醒她的室友。
为方便记忆，表格对比
使用虚拟语气的主要句型 谓语动词的虚拟形式 例句
表现在的虚拟条件句 从句：用动词过去（be 多用were ） 1. If I were you, I should study English.
2. I would certainly go if I had time.
主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形
表过去的虚拟条件句 从句：had + PP 1. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the test.
2. If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the train.
主句：would/should/could/might +have + PP
表将来的虚拟条件句 从句：①用动词过去②should +V原③（were +to do ） 1. If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
2. If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
主句：would/should/could/might +have + PP
省略 if 的条件句 从句：用倒装形式，即把were,had等置于句首。(并只限were/ had)
主句：根据虚拟的情况采取与从句相应的形式。 1. Were I in school again(= If I were in school again, I would work harder.)
2. Were it not for the rain, (不能说Weren’t it for the rain, ) I would go swimming.
错综时间条件句（从句与主句所表示时间不一致） 根据从句与主句表示的不同时进行调整。 1.If you had worked hard yesterday, you would be tired now
2. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things woud be going so smoothly.
含蓄条件句（虚拟条件暗含在短语或上下文之中，从句不表现出来）(常见有but for“要不是” without等) 根据句子表达的实际情况选用相应的虚拟条件句中的主句的动词形式 1.Without air, there would be no living things.
2.I would have given you more help, but I was busy now.
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
wish, “可惜……”“……就好了”，“悔不该……”“但愿……” wish后从句：与表各种时间的虚拟条件句中的从句动词形式基本相同。
具体：1，表与现在不能实现的愿望，从句用“过去时，be 用were”
2.表与过去不能实现的愿望，从句用“had+PP 或 could/would +have +PP“
3. .表与将来不能实现的愿望，从句用“could/would +动词原形”
1.I wish I were a bird.
2. I wish I had known the answer..
would rather 后的宾语从句 would rather后从句：动词常用过去式 1. I would rather they came tomorrow
demand, insist,suggest, command, order, require, request, desire等一类动词后的宾语从句
（suggest表“暗示、隐含等”insist表“强调，力言等”不用虚拟语气。） 从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省。 1. I suggest you (should)go at once.
2. He suggested that he patient’s leg should be cut and this suggested that he was not good at the case.(注意两个suggest的准确翻译)
“It is (was)+上述demand/suggest等动词过去分词（或important,natural,strange ,necessary等形容词）”后的主语从句 从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省。 1. It ordered that the army (should) get there by 4 a.m.
2. It is necessary that she (should) be sent there at once.
order,suggestion,idea,plan, proposal, advice, demand等名词后的表语从句或同位语从句 从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省。 His demand is that we (should )finish the work in 3 hours.
特殊形式的虚拟语气
as if 引导的从句（表示非真实时）但表真实时，不用虚拟语气。 与虚拟语气条件中从句动词形式基本相同。 1.Tom speaks as if he were a girl.
2.He looks as if he had been to Beijing.
so that, in order that引导的目的状语从句 May/might/should +V原 I live so that others may live better.
It is (the very/high)time that后的定语从句 从句谓语动词常用过去式，有时也可用should+动词原形 It is (high)time that we went (should go) to bed.
It is time that I were leaving.
省去主句的If only(要是……就好了)虚拟条件句 与wish后的宾语从句谓语形式相同。 If only I hadn’t lost the chance!
(= I wish I hadn’t lost the chance)
某些表祝愿的句子 常用原形或“May+动词原形” Long live world peace!
May you be happy1
表委婉客气的是常语句 情态动词的过去式+动词原形 Could I borrow your bike?
Would you please give me a hand?
虚拟语气的用法
虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种：
一、与现在事实相反
连接词 条件从句 结果从句
If 1.动词过去式(或were)
2.助动词（过去式）+动词原形 Should
Would +动词原形
could
might
If had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall.
If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.
二.与将来事实相反
连接词 条件从句 结果从句
If 1. should+动词原形
2. 动词过去式
3、were to+动词原形 Should
Would +动词原形
could
might
If you should lose, what would you do?
If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her thetruth.
If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.
三、与过去事实相反
连接词 条件从句 结果从句
If had+过去分词 Should
Would + have+过去分词
could
might
If I’d dnown that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.
四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法
省掉if的条件从句结构：
Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…)
2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：
A true friend would not do such a thing.
(=If he were a true friend, he...)
(=If there were no water,…)
(=If you hadn’t helped me,…)
3. 有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：
If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.
If I were you, I would have gone home.
五、虚拟语气的其他用法
1、Suggest, advise 等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：
suggest, advise, recommend, demand,
require, insist, urge, request, order, +that…(should )+动词原形
devide, ask, move, propose等
注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。
He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking.
上述动词的名词形式出现时，that 引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。
He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking.
如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。
He insists that he is right.
2、It is (was )+necessary, a pity 等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：
imperative, advisable, 动词完成式
It is (was) + important,natural, necessary, +that…(should) +
essential, strange,等 动词原形
It is important that you (should) follow the doctor’s orders.
It is right that you should have done your homework.
3、wish的用法
动词过去式或were—与现在事实相反
主语+wish(that)+主语 + 动词过去完成式—与过去事实相反
助动词过去试+动词原形—与将来事实相反
I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer..)
I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)
I wish they’d let us get some sleep.
注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：
（1） We hope they will come,(We don’t know if they can come.)
（2） We wish they could come,(We know they are not coming.)
4、as if, as though, would(had) rather(that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气，如：
He acts as if nothing had happened.
I would rather you didn’t tell him.
5、It’s (high) time that…+动词过去式或should+动词原形，如：
It’s time (that) you had a hair cut.
It’s high time (that) we took some action
虚拟语气常在表示条件和结果的状语从句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时动词有三种时
[虚拟语气]
虚拟语气
态：现在时，过去时，将来时。
在条件句中的应用：条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
在什么情况下用虚拟语气
在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时，用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法
1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句
eg .
If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。( 真实条件状语)（不是虚拟语气）
If he was free, he would ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气）
If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。 （非真实条件状语从句）
If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。（非真实条件状语从句）2、在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式 ① 表示与现在事实相反的情况：
主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他
if+主语+did/be(were)+其他
例：
1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）
2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）
3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)
4.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没带钱）
5.If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：学习不用功）
2、表示与过去事实相反的情况
主语+should/would/could/might+have done+其他+
if+主语+had done +其他
例：
1. If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）
2.If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话）
3、表示对将来情况的主观推测
（可能相反或可能性很小）
主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他
if+主语+did/should/were to do+其他
例：
1.If he should come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。 （事实：来的可能性很小）
2.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：不知能否下雪）
3.If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。
在表示建议、命令、要求等含义的宾语从句，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，"should＋动词原形"构成，should 可省略。
虚拟语气的其他用法
①、虚拟语气用在wish 后的宾语从句
a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式
eg. I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。(事实：我根本比不上你)
b、表示过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+done(动词过去分词）
eg:.I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希望我原来知道这件事的真相。（事实：原来不知道）
c、表示将来难以实现的愿望
谓语动词：should/would + 动词原形
eg. I wish I should have a chance again.我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。（事实：很难再有这样的机会了）
(注：if only和even if也有相同用法）
② 虚拟语气用在
一想要(desire)一宁愿(prefer)二命令(order. command) 三建议(advise. suggest. propose) 五要求(demand. require. request. desire.insist)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：“should + 动词原形”或只用“动词原形”。
如 He suggested that we (should) take the teacher’s advice
He insisted that we (should) take the teacher’s advice
He demand that we (should) take the teacher’s advice
He ordered that we (should) take the teacher’s advice
注：insist如果翻译成坚持某种动作才用虚拟语气翻译成坚持某种观点就不用虚拟语气。
如：He insist he is a student. 他坚持说他是个学生。
这个语句表示的是事实，因此在这个语句中不能使用虚拟语气。
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”则不用虚拟语气。
如： His face suggests that he looks worried .他的表情暗含着他很担心。
这个句子本身是事实，因此它就没有用到虚拟语气。
③表情绪.观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气.如:necessary. important. impossible. natural. strange. surprising.
funny. right. wrong. better. a pity等。
句型：It is.......that 结构后的主语从句，从句的谓语动词都要用 should+原型 或只用动词原型。
④虚拟语气在方式状语从句的应用。详百度百科之方式状语从句词条。
绛旓細2銆佹潯浠朵粠鍙ョ殑鍔ㄨ瘝濡傛灉鏄痓e,鍏惰繃鍘诲紡鎵鏈変汉绉版棤璁哄崟銆佸鏁伴兘鐢╳ere 涓夈佸惈钃勮櫄鎷熻姘:鏈夋椂铏氭嫙鏉′欢涓嶉氳繃鏉′欢浠庡彞,鑰屾槸閫氳繃涓婁笅鏂囨垨鐢ㄤ粙璇嶇煭璇瓑琛ㄧず鍑烘潵,杩欑鍙ュ瓙鍙惈钃勮姘斿彞.濡:鈶 The gifts to him would have filled a railway car. 鈶 I could not have lived through Christmas without giving you a pre...
绛旓細鍦ㄨ〃绀哄缓璁佸懡浠ゃ佷富寮犮佺洰鐨勫拰鎰挎湜绛夊悕璇嶅悗闈㈢殑琛ㄨ浠庡彞鍜屽悓浣嶈浠庡彞涓皳璇姩璇嶈姹備娇鐢ㄨ櫄鎷熻姘銆傚叾褰㈠紡涓猴細(should)+鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰銆3銆佸璇粠鍙ヤ腑鐨勮櫄鎷熻姘 鏌愪簺鍔ㄨ瘝鍚庢墍鎺ュ璇粠鍙ヤ腑鐨勮皳璇姩璇嶈姹傜敤铏氭嫙璇皵锛岀敤鏉ヨ〃绀哄缓璁佸懡浠ゅ拰瑕佹眰绛夈傚叾褰㈠紡涓猴細(should)+鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰銆4銆侀敊缁笺佹贩鍚堣櫄鎷熻姘 閫氬父锛屽湪...
绛旓細3. 铏氭嫙璇皵鐢ㄤ簬鍏朵粬鎯呭喌 棣栧厛,铏氭嫙璇皵甯哥敤浜庤〃绀哄姘斻佸濠夌殑璇存硶銆傚畠涔嬫墍浠ヨ兘琛ㄧず瀹㈡皵銆佸濠夌殑鎰忔,灏辨槸鍥犱负瀹冪殑璇皵鏄櫄鎷熺殑;涔熷氨鏄,璁茶瘽鐨勪汉鏈夋剰璇嗗湴灏嗗叾鎵璇寸殑鍐呭铏氭嫙鍖,浠庤岀粰鍚瘽浜哄湪鏄惁鎺ュ彈鎵鍚埌鐨勫唴瀹规柟闈㈢暀鏈夎緝澶х┖闂淬佷綑鍦;鑰岃嚦浜庝娇鍚瘽浜哄湪鏄惁鎺ュ彈鎵鍚埌鐨勫唴瀹规柟闈㈡劅鍒版湁鍘嬪姏鎴栨槸寮鸿揩鎰熴備粠杩...
绛旓細7. 浠嬭瘝鐭鍙浉褰撲竴涓潯浠朵粠鍙ユ椂瑕佺敤铏氭嫙璇皵锛屾瘮濡傦細without, but, but for, otherwise 绛銆侭ut for the heavy rain we would have been there in time.
绛旓細铏氭嫙璇皵鐨鍏朵粬鍙ュ瀷鍜鐢ㄦ硶 1銆佺敤鍦ㄢ渨ish+瀹捐浠庡彞鈥濅腑锛岃〃绀哄緢闅惧疄鐜版垨涓嶈兘瀹炵幇鐨勬効鏈涳紝鍙互缈昏瘧涓衡滀絾鎰库︹, 鈥滄倲涓嶈鈥︹濈瓑銆傝〃绀虹幇鍦ㄤ笉鑳藉疄鐜扮殑鎰挎湜锛屼粠鍙ョ殑璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐢ㄨ繃鍘诲紡锛涜〃绀哄皢鏉ョ殑鎰挎湜锛屼粠鍙ョ殑璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐢ㄢ渨ould(could)+鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰鈥濓紱瀵硅繃鍘荤殑浜嬫儏琛ㄧず鎰挎湜锛屼粠鍙ョ殑璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐢ㄢ渉ad+杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝...
绛旓細濡傛灉鎴戠殑绁栨瘝涓庢垜鍦ㄤ竴璧峰濂藉晩!(浜嬪疄鏄:绁栨瘝宸蹭笉鍦ㄤ笘銆);If only she had not left! 濡傛灉濂规病璧板氨濂戒簡!(浜嬪疄鏄:濂瑰凡缁忚蛋浜嗐)涓夈铏氭嫙璇皵鐨鍏朵粬鐢ㄦ硶l銆佽櫄鎷熻姘斿湪涓昏浠庡彞涓鐨勭敤娉:鍦"It is important (strange,natural,necessary)that鈥"杩欑被鍙ュ瀷閲,that鎵寮曞鐨勪富璇粠鍙ヤ腑鐨勮皳璇姩璇嶅父鐢 鈥渟hould+鍔ㄨ瘝...
绛旓細鈶 浣嗘槸,濡傛灉鍚庢灉鐢ㄤ簡铏氭嫙璇皵,鑰屾潯浠跺嵈鐢ㄩ檲杩拌姘,杩欑鐢ㄦ硶鏄敊鐨.鈷 闄や簡琛ㄧず铏氬亣鏉′欢澶,if浠庡彞杩樺彲浠ヨ〃绀哄灏嗘潵鐨勬帹娴,鐢变簬鏄皢鏉ヨ繕娌℃湁鍙戠敓鐨,鎵浠ヨ皥涓嶄笂鏄湡瀹炵殑杩樻槸铏氬亣鐨,鍙兘璇磋繖涓簨鎯呭彂鐢熺殑鍙兘鎬ф湁澶氬ぇ.涓鑸儏鍐典笅,鍙互鐢ㄩ檲杩璇皵鐨if浠庡彞鏉ヨ〃绀哄涓涓湭鏉ヤ簨瀹炵殑鎺ㄦ祴,杩欎釜浜嬪疄鏄畬鍏ㄥ彲鑳藉彂鐢...
绛旓細浠栬蛋杩戣璇濈殑浜轰互渚胯兘鎸哄緱鏇存竻妤氥 He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 浠栨妸淇¤寰楀緢浠旂粏浠ヤ究涓嶆紡鎺変竴涓崟璇嶃3銆铏氭嫙璇皵鐨鍏朵粬鐢ㄦ硶 1銆佷竴鎯宠(desire)浜屽畞鎰(prefer)涓夊懡浠(order. command)鍥涘缓璁(advise. suggest. propose)浜旇姹(demand. require. request. desire....
绛旓細濡傛灉濂逛笅鍛ㄤ竴鏉ヨ繖鍎跨殑璇,鎴戝氨浼氬憡璇夊ス杩欎欢浜嬬殑濮嬫湯銆(浜嬪疄:鏉ョ殑鍙兘鎬у緢灏,涓嶅彲鑳)4銆侀敊缁兼潯浠跺彞 鏈夋椂,铏氭嫙鏉′欢鍙ヤ腑, 濡傛灉涓诲彞鍜屼粠鍙ョ殑璋撹鍔ㄤ綔鑻ヤ笉鏄悓鏃跺彂鐢熸椂, 铏氭嫙璇皵鐨褰㈠紡搴斾綔鐩稿簲鐨勮皟鏁淬傝繖绉嶆潯浠跺彞鍙敊缁兼潯浠跺彞銆傗憼浠庡彞鐨勫姩浣滀笌杩囧幓浜嬪疄鐩稿弽,鑰屼富鍙ョ殑鍔ㄤ綔涓庢鍦ㄥ彂鐢熺殑浜嬪疄涓嶇銆備緥:If I...
绛旓細鎴戝笇鏈涙垜杩樿兘鏈変竴娆¤繖鏍风殑鏈轰細銆(浜嬪疄:寰堥毦鍐嶆湁杩欐牱鐨勬満浼氫簡) (娉:if only鍜宎s if/as though涔熸湁鐩稿悓鐢ㄦ硶)鐩殑鐘惰浠庡彞 1銆佸湪for fear that, in case, lest寮曞鐨勪粠鍙ヤ腑,鑻ョ敤铏氭嫙璇皵鏃,浠庡彞璋撹涓:should + do銆傚苟涓 should涓嶈兘鐪佺暐 She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in...
