现在分词作定语时表示正在进行的动作或表示一个习惯性、连续性的动作或状态： 现在分词作定语什么时候表示主动动作，什么时候表示正在进行？
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2. \u4f5c\u5b9a\u8bed\u65f6\uff0c-ING\u8868\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u7528-ING\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\uff1b\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u751f
3. \u5f53\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u800c\u4e0d\u7528-ING\u5206\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed
4. \u5728remember,forget\u7b49\u8bcd\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8ddf-ING\u5206\u8bcd\uff0c\u8868\u793a-ING\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u8c13\u8bed\u4e4b\u524d\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8ddf\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u5219\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e
5. stop, go on\u548cleave off\u4e4b\u540e\u8ddf\u63a5\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d
6.
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to\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7528\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u7ecf\u5e38\u5e72\u2026\u2026\u201d\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u662fuse\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u8bcd\u6001\u201cbe used\u201d\u540e\u8ddf\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff1b\u540e\u8ddf-ING\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5f53used
to\u4e2d\u7684used\u662f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0cto\u540e\u8ddf\u540d\u8bcd\u6216-ING\u5206\u8bcd\u5b9a\u5f0f\u548c-ING\u5206\u8bcd\u6240\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c
\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e3a\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u505a\u5b9a\u8bed\u65f6\u4e0e\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u4e3b\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u5927\u591a\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u52a8\u8bcd\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u5f62\u5bb9\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u591a\uff0c\u5982\uff1aintereting,exciting\u7b49\uff0c\u5982\u4f8b\uff1aThis is a surpring story.\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002
\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u505a\u5b9a\u8bed\u65f6\u662f\u8868\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u884c\u8fdb\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u5982\uff1a1)The sleeping boy is Tom.=The boy who is sleeping is Tom.(\u6ce8\uff1a\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u653e\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u4e4b\u524d\uff09
2)The boy sleeping in that bed is Tom.=The boy who is sleeping in that bed is Tom.\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u540e\u9762\u6709\u8ddf\u4ecb\u8bcd\u7b49\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u653e\u4e8e\u6240\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u4e4b\u540e\uff09
分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种,是一种非谓语动词形式
现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于：现在分词表示"主动和进行"，过去分词表示"被动和完成"(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成)。分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。
1、 分词作状语分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。
分词在句子中作状语，使用何种分词，要取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主谓关系用现在分词，动宾或被动关系用过去分词。
（1）现在分词The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking.
（2）过去分词Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. Given better attention, the plants could grow better.
2、"while ( when, once, until, if , though等连词)＋分词"结构现在分词或过去分词作状语时，有时可以在分词前加while，when, once, although, until, if等连词。
When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work……
Once recovered, he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.
Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam. If translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.
3、分词作定语分词作定语时，单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系)，过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。
We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund.
This is really an exhausting day to all of us!
We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight.
After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.
More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries
4、分词作宾语补足语现在分词在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官动词和look at, listen to等短语动词以及have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start, send等使役动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语，作宾语补语的成分。
5、分词作表语分词作表语通常看作形容词来用。现在分词表示主语的性质，而且主语多为物；过去分词表示主语的感受或状态，主语多为人。
一.现在分词的用法：
1) 做表语：
He was very amusing.
That book was rather boring.
很多动词的现在分词都可以作表语：
exciting, interesting, encouraging, disappointing, confusing, touching, puzzling.
2) 作定语：
上面所出现的现在分词都可以用作定语, 修饰一个名词：
That must have been a terrifying experience.
I found him a charming person.
现在分词短语还可以放在名词的后面修饰名词, 相当于一个定语从句：
There are a few boys swimming in the river.
There is a car waiting outside.
3) 作状语：
现在分词短语可以表示一个同时发生的次要的或伴随的动作：
Following Tom, we started to climb the mountain.
Opening the drawer, he took out a box.
Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.
现在分词短语还可以表示原因, 相当于一个原因状语从句：
Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
Being unemployed, he hasn’t got much money.
现在分词短语还可以表示时间, 相当于一个时间状语从句：
Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
Returning home, he began to do his homework.
Jim hurt his arm while playing tennis.
Be careful when crossing the road.
Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.
Having finished her work, she went home.
4)作宾补：
现在分词在一些动词之后可以做宾语的补语：
例如, see, hear, catch, find, keep , have 等.
I see him passing my house every day.
I caught him stealing things in that shop.
I smelt something burning.
She kept him working all day.
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