于谦的石灰吟和郑燮的竹石背后的故事 《石灰吟》，《竹石》的创作背景
\u300a\u77f3\u7070\u541f\u300b\u548c\u300a\u7af9\u77f3\u300b\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u80cc\u666f\u7af9\u77f3
\u90d1\u71ee
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\u5343\u78e8\u4e07\u51fb\u8fd8\u575a\u52b2\uff0c\u4efb\u5c14\u4e1c\u897f\u5357\u5317\u98ce\u3002
[\u6ce8\u91ca]
1. \u300a\u7af9\u77f3\u300b\u662f\u4e00\u9996\u9898\u753b\u8bd7\u3002
2. \u54ac\u5b9a\uff1a\u6bd4\u55bb\u6839\u624e\u5f97\u7ed3\u5b9e\uff0c\u50cf\u54ac\u7740\u4e0d\u677e\u53e3\u4e00\u6837\u3002
3. \u78e8\uff1a\u6298\u78e8\u3002\u575a\u52b2\uff1a\u575a\u5b9a\u5f3a\u52b2\u3002
4. \u5c14\uff1a\u90a3\u3002\u8fd9\u53e5\u610f\u601d\u8bf4\uff1a\u968f\u90a3\u4e1c\u5357\u897f\u5317\u98ce\u731b\u522e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5439\u4e0d\u5012\u5b83\u3002
[\u89e3\u8bf4]
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[\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb]
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\u77f3\u7070\u541f
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\u70c8\u706b\u711a\u70e7\u82e5\u7b49\u95f2\u3002
\u7c89\u8eab\u788e\u9aa8\u6d51\u4e0d\u6015\uff0c
\u8981\u7559\u6e05\u767d\u5728\u4eba\u95f4\u3002
[\u6ce8\u91ca]
\u82e5\u7b49\u95f2\uff1a\u597d\u50cf\u5f88\u5e73\u5e38\u3002
[\u7b80\u6790]
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\u6216:
\u7af9\u77f3
\u90d1\u71ee
\u54ac\u5b9a\u9752\u5c71\u4e0d\u653e\u677e\uff0c\u7acb\u6839\u539f\u5728\u7834\u5ca9\u4e2d\u3002
\u5343\u78e8\u4e07\u51fb\u8fd8\u575a\u52b2\uff0c\u4efb\u5c14\u4e1c\u897f\u5357\u5317\u98ce\u3002
[\u6ce8\u91ca]
1. \u300a\u7af9\u77f3\u300b\u662f\u4e00\u9996\u9898\u753b\u8bd7\u3002
2. \u54ac\u5b9a\uff1a\u6bd4\u55bb\u6839\u624e\u5f97\u7ed3\u5b9e\uff0c\u50cf\u54ac\u7740\u4e0d\u677e\u53e3\u4e00\u6837\u3002
3. \u78e8\uff1a\u6298\u78e8\u3002\u575a\u52b2\uff1a\u575a\u5b9a\u5f3a\u52b2\u3002
4. \u5c14\uff1a\u90a3\u3002\u8fd9\u53e5\u610f\u601d\u8bf4\uff1a\u968f\u90a3\u4e1c\u5357\u897f\u5317\u98ce\u731b\u522e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5439\u4e0d\u5012\u5b83\u3002
[\u89e3\u8bf4]
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[\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb]
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\u7af9\u77f3
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[\u6ce8\u91ca]
1. \u300a\u7af9\u77f3\u300b\u662f\u4e00\u9996\u9898\u753b\u8bd7\u3002
2. \u54ac\u5b9a\uff1a\u6bd4\u55bb\u6839\u624e\u5f97\u7ed3\u5b9e\uff0c\u50cf\u54ac\u7740\u4e0d\u677e\u53e3\u4e00\u6837\u3002
3. \u78e8\uff1a\u6298\u78e8\u3002\u575a\u52b2\uff1a\u575a\u5b9a\u5f3a\u52b2\u3002
4. \u5c14\uff1a\u90a3\u3002\u8fd9\u53e5\u610f\u601d\u8bf4\uff1a\u968f\u90a3\u4e1c\u5357\u897f\u5317\u98ce\u731b\u522e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5439\u4e0d\u5012\u5b83\u3002
[\u89e3\u8bf4]
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[\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb]
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[\u6ce8\u91ca]
\u82e5\u7b49\u95f2\uff1a\u597d\u50cf\u5f88\u5e73\u5e38\u3002
[\u7b80\u6790]
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年轻时，郑板桥的家境贫穷，但他落拓不羁，每每“放言高谈，藏否人物，无所忌讳，坐得狂名”。（郑方坤《郑燮小传》）。四十三岁那年，他高中进士后，曾任山东范县、潍县知县，在他为官期间，做了不少益民利众的好事，深得人民爱戴，但他在荒年为百姓请求赈济，却得罪了知府和地方豪绅。他刚直不阿，心系民众和“出淤泥而不染”的清高性格，耻于折腰，便藐视权贵，解绶挂印，毅然辞官而归，回扬州卖画为生。正如他的流芳百世的铭句“作官不为民做工主，不如回家种红薯”。郑板桥晚年的一首题画诗《竹石》就是他这种傲岸和刚直人格的写照。
（石头）只有经过多次撞击才能从山上开采出来。它把烈火焚烧看成平平常常的事，即使粉身碎骨也毫不惧怕，甘愿把一身清白留在人世间。 注释（1）石灰吟：赞颂石灰。吟：吟颂。指古代诗歌体裁的一种名称（古代诗歌的一种形式）。 （2）千锤万凿：无数次的锤击开凿，形容开采石灰非常艰难。千、万...
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