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2\u3001\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84\uff1a\u75c5\u6bd2\u968f\u54b3\u55fd\u3001\u55b7\u568f\u3001\u8bf4\u8bdd\u6240\u81f4\u98de\u6cab\u4f20\u64ad\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u75c5\u6bd2\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u8336\u5177\u3001\u98df\u5177\u3001\u6bdb\u5dfe\u7b49\u95f4\u63a5\u4f20\u64ad\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4f20\u64ad\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u4eba\u53e3\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6709\u5173\u3002
3\u3001\u4eba\u7fa4\u6613\u611f\u6027\uff1a\u4eba\u7fa4\u666e\u904d\u6613\u611f\uff0c\u611f\u67d3\u540e\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u6297\u539f\u578b\u53ef\u83b7\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u529b\uff0c\u578b\u4e0e\u578b\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e0\u4ea4\u53c9\u514d\u75ab\u6027\u3002
4\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u7a81\u7136\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u9ad8\u548c\u6d41\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u77ed\u662f\u6d41\u611f\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6d41\u884c\u65e0\u660e\u663e\u5b63\u8282\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u51ac\u6625\u5b63\u8282\u4e3a\u591a\u3002\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u7532\u578b\u6d41\u611f\u75c5\u6bd2\u5f15\u8d77\uff0c\u5f53\u7532\u578b\u6d41\u611f\u75c5\u6bd2\u51fa\u73b0\u65b0\u4e9a\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u7fa4\u666e\u904d\u6613\u611f\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6bcf10\uff5e15\u5e74\u53ef\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u6027\u5927\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u6bcf2\uff5e3\u5e74\u53ef\u6709\u4e00 \u6b21\u5c0f\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u4e59\u578b\u6d41\u611f\u591a\u5448\u5c40\u90e8\u6d41\u884c\u6216\u6563\u53d1\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u4e19\u578b\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u5f15\u8d77\u6563\u53d1\u3002
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3\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u68c0\u67e5\uff1b\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u8ba1\u6570\u6b63\u5e38\u6216\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5206\u7c7b\u6b63\u5e38\u6216\u76f8\u5bf9\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ec6\u80de\u589e\u591a\u3002\u5982\u6709\u663e\u8457\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u5e38\u8bf4\u660e\u7ee7\u53d1\u7ec6\u83cc\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u3002
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\u6d41\u884c\u6027\u816e\u817a\u708e
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\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u75c5\u539f\u5b66
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\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66
1\u3001\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90 \u65e9\u671f\u75c5\u4eba\u548c\u9690\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u3002\u75c5\u6bd2\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u60a3\u8005\u553e\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u816e\u80bf\u524d6\u5929\u81f3\u816e\u80bf\u540e9\u5929\u5747\u53ef\u81ea\u75c5\u4eba\u553e\u6db2\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u5468\u5185\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\u3002\u611f\u67d3\u816e\u817a\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u540e\uff0c\u65e0\u816e\u817a\u708e\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u5668\u5b98\u5982\u8111\u6216\u777e\u4e38\u7b49\u75c7\u72b6\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u553e\u6db2\u53ca\u5c3f\u4ea6\u53ef\u68c0\u51fa\u75c5\u6bd2\u3002\u5728\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u65f6\u7ea630\uff5e40%\u60a3\u8005\u4ec5\u6709\u4e0a\u547c\u5438\u9053\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u4e9a\u4e34\u5e8a\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\u3002
2\u3001\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84 \u672c\u75c5\u6bd2\u5728\u553e\u6db2\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u98de\u6cab\u4f20\u64ad\uff08\u553e\u6db2\u53ca\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u8863\u670d\u4ea6\u53ef\u4f20\u67d3\uff09\u5176\u4f20\u67d3\u529b\u8f83\u9ebb\u75b9\u3001\u6c34\u75d8\u4e3a\u5f31\u3002\u5b55\u5987\u611f\u67d3\u672c\u75c5\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u80ce\u76d8\u4f20\u67d3\u80ce\u513f\uff0c\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u80ce\u513f\u7578\u5f62\u6216\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u6d41\u4ea7\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\u3002

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3\u3001\u6613\u611f\u6027 \u666e\u904d\u6613\u611f\uff0c\u5176\u6613\u611f\u6027\u968f\u5e74\u9f84\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u4e0b\u964d\u300290%\u75c5\u4f8b\u53d1\u751f\u4e8e1\uff5e15\u5c81\uff0c\u5c24\u51765\uff5e9\u5c81\u7684\u513f\u7ae5\u30021\u5c81\u4ee5\u5185\u5a74\u513f\u4f53\u5185\u53ef\u6709\u6bcd\u9012\u514d\u75ab\u529b\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u60a3\u75c5\u3002\u6210\u4eba\u4e2d80%\u66fe\u60a3\u8fc7\u663e\u6027\u6216\u9690\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u3002\u513f\u7ae5\u60a3\u8005\u65e0\u6027\u522b\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u9752\u6625\u671f\u540e\u53d1\u75c5\u7537\u591a\u4e8e\u5973\u3002\u75c5\u540e\u53ef\u6709\u6301\u4e45\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u3002
4\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u7279\u5f81 \u5168\u5e74\u5747\u53ef\u53d1\u75c5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u51ac\u3001\u6625\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u53ef\u5448\u6d41\u884c\u6216\u6563\u53d1\u3002\u5728\u513f\u7ae5\u96c6\u4f53\u673a\u6784\u3001\u90e8\u961f\u4ee5\u53ca\u536b\u751f\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u62e5\u6324\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6613\u9020\u6210\u66b4\u53d1\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u5176\u6d41\u884c\u89c4\u5f8b\u662f\u968f\u7740\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u6613\u611f\u8005\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5468\u671f\u6027\uff0c\u6d41\u884c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u6ce2\u52a8\u57282\uff5e7\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u672a\u884c\u75ab\u82d7\u63a5\u79cd\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6709\u6bcf7\uff5e8\u5e74\u5468\u671f\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0
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2\u3001\u8840\u6e05\u548c\u5c3f\u6dc0\u7c89\u9176\u6d4b\u5b9a 90%\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8840\u6e05\u6dc0\u7c89\u9176\u6709\u8f7b\u5ea6\u548c\u4e2d\u5ea6\u589e\u9ad8\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u8bca\u65ad\u3002
3\u3001\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u67e5 \u8865\u4f53\u7ed3\u5408\u4e0e\u8840\u51dd\u6291\u5236\u8bd5\u9a8c\u65e9\u671f\u53ca\u6062\u590d\u671f\u53cc\u4efd\u8840\u6e05\u6d4b\u5b9a\u8865\u4f53\u7ed3\u5408\u53ca\u8840\u51dd\u6291\u5236\u6297\u4f53\uff0c\u6709\u663e\u8457\u589e\u957f\u8005\u53ef\u786e\u8bca\uff08\u6548\u4ef74\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u3002\u56fd\u5916\u91c7\u7528\u9176\u8054\u514d\u75ab\u5438\u5490\u6cd5\u53ca\u95f4\u63a5\u8367\u5149\u514d\u75ab\u68c0\u6d4bIgM\u6297\u4f53\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u65e9\u671f\u8bca\u65ad\u3002
4\u3001\u75c5\u6bd2\u5206\u79bb \u65e9\u671f\u60a3\u8005\u53ef\u5728\u553e\u6db2\u3001\u5c3f\u3001\u8840\u3001\u8111\u810a\u6db2\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u5230\u75c5\u6bd2\u3002

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\u9274\u522b\u8bca\u65ad
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2\u3001\u9888\u90e8\u53ca\u8033\u524d\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ed3\u708e\u80bf\u5927\u4e0d\u4ee5\u8033\u5782\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u9888\u90e8\u6216\u8033\u524d\u533a\uff0c\u4e3a\u6838\u72b6\u4f53\u8f83\u786c\uff0c\u8fb9\u7f18\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u538b\u75db\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u8868\u6d45\u8005\u53ef\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u53ef\u53d1\u73b0\u9888\u90e8\u6216\u8033\u524d\u533a\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ed3\u76f8\u5173\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6709\u708e\u75c7\uff0c\u5982\u54bd\u5ce1\u708e\u3001\u8033\u90e8\u75ae\u7596\u7b49\u3002\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u603b\u6570\u53ca\u4e2d\u6027\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u660e\u663e\u589e\u9ad8\u3002

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1\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u62a4\u7406 \u9694\u79bb\u60a3\u8005\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5367\u5e8a\u4f11\u606f\u76f4\u81f3\u816e\u817a\u80bf\u80c0\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u9000\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u53e3\u8154\u6e05\u6d01\uff0c\u996e\u98df\u4ee5\u6d41\u8d28\u6216\u8f6f\u98df\u4e3a\u5b9c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9178\u6027\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6db2\u4f53\u6444\u5165\u91cf\u3002
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3\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u68c0\u67e5
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2\u3001\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84\uff1a\u75c5\u6bd2\u968f\u54b3\u55fd\u3001\u55b7\u568f\u3001\u8bf4\u8bdd\u6240\u81f4\u98de\u6cab\u4f20\u64ad\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u75c5\u6bd2\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u8336\u5177\u3001\u98df\u5177\u3001\u6bdb\u5dfe\u7b49\u95f4\u63a5\u4f20\u64ad\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4f20\u64ad\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u4eba\u53e3\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6709\u5173\u3002
3\u3001\u4eba\u7fa4\u6613\u611f\u6027\uff1a\u4eba\u7fa4\u666e\u904d\u6613\u611f\uff0c\u611f\u67d3\u540e\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u6297\u539f\u578b\u53ef\u83b7\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u529b\uff0c\u578b\u4e0e\u578b\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e0\u4ea4\u53c9\u514d\u75ab\u6027\u3002
4\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u7a81\u7136\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u9ad8\u548c\u6d41\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u77ed\u662f\u6d41\u611f\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6d41\u884c\u65e0\u660e\u663e\u5b63\u8282\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u51ac\u6625\u5b63\u8282\u4e3a\u591a\u3002\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u7532\u578b\u6d41\u611f\u75c5\u6bd2\u5f15\u8d77\uff0c\u5f53\u7532\u578b\u6d41\u611f\u75c5\u6bd2\u51fa\u73b0\u65b0\u4e9a\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u7fa4\u666e\u904d\u6613\u611f\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6bcf10\uff5e15\u5e74\u53ef\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u6027\u5927\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u6bcf2\uff5e3\u5e74\u53ef\u6709\u4e00 \u6b21\u5c0f\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u4e59\u578b\u6d41\u611f\u591a\u5448\u5c40\u90e8\u6d41\u884c\u6216\u6563\u53d1\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u4e19\u578b\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u5f15\u8d77\u6563\u53d1\u3002
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2\u3001\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0\uff1a\u8d77\u75c5\u6025\u9aa4\uff0c\u6709\u53d1\u70ed\u3001\u5934\u75db\u3001\u5168\u8eab\u9178\u75db\u3001\u4e4f\u529b\u7b49\u5168\u8eab\u4e2d\u6bd2\u75c7\u72b6\uff0c\u800c\u547c\u5438\u9053\u8868\u73b0\u8f83\u8f7b\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u67e5\u4f53\u53caX\u7ebf\u7167\u7247\u8fdb\u884c\u8bca\u65ad\u3002
3\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u68c0\u67e5\uff1b\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u8ba1\u6570\u6b63\u5e38\u6216\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5206\u7c7b\u6b63\u5e38\u6216\u76f8\u5bf9\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ec6\u80de\u589e\u591a\u3002\u5982\u6709\u663e\u8457\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u5e38\u8bf4\u660e\u7ee7\u53d1\u7ec6\u83cc\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u3002
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2\u3001\u80ba\u708e\u652f\u539f\u4f53\u80ba\u708e\uff1a\u8d77\u75c5\u8f83\u7f13\u3002\u54af\u5c11\u91cf\u7c98\u75f0\u6216\u8840\u4e1d\u75f0\uff0c\u75c5\u60c5\u548c\u7f13\uff0c\u9884\u540e\u826f\u597d\u3002\u51b7\u51dd\u96c6\u8bd5\u9a8c\u53caMG\u578b\u94fe\u7403\u83cc\u51dd\u96c6\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6548\u4ef7\u5347\u9ad8\u3002


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3\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u751f\u5e73\u65f6\u52a0\u5f3a\u8eab\u4f53\u953b\u70bc\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u996e\u98df\u548c\u4f11\u606f\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u81ea\u8eab\u6297\u75c5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u517b\u6210\u52e4\u6d17\u624b\uff0c\u4e0d\u9762\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eba\u54b3\u55fd\u3001\u5927\u58f0\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7b49\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u536b\u751f\u4e60\u60ef\u3002

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\u6d41\u884c\u6027\u816e\u817a\u708e
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\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u75c5\u539f\u5b66
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\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66
1\u3001\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90 \u65e9\u671f\u75c5\u4eba\u548c\u9690\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u3002\u75c5\u6bd2\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u60a3\u8005\u553e\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u816e\u80bf\u524d6\u5929\u81f3\u816e\u80bf\u540e9\u5929\u5747\u53ef\u81ea\u75c5\u4eba\u553e\u6db2\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u5468\u5185\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\u3002\u611f\u67d3\u816e\u817a\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u540e\uff0c\u65e0\u816e\u817a\u708e\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u5668\u5b98\u5982\u8111\u6216\u777e\u4e38\u7b49\u75c7\u72b6\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u553e\u6db2\u53ca\u5c3f\u4ea6\u53ef\u68c0\u51fa\u75c5\u6bd2\u3002\u5728\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u65f6\u7ea630\uff5e40%\u60a3\u8005\u4ec5\u6709\u4e0a\u547c\u5438\u9053\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u4e9a\u4e34\u5e8a\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\u3002
2\u3001\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84 \u672c\u75c5\u6bd2\u5728\u553e\u6db2\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u98de\u6cab\u4f20\u64ad\uff08\u553e\u6db2\u53ca\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u8863\u670d\u4ea6\u53ef\u4f20\u67d3\uff09\u5176\u4f20\u67d3\u529b\u8f83\u9ebb\u75b9\u3001\u6c34\u75d8\u4e3a\u5f31\u3002\u5b55\u5987\u611f\u67d3\u672c\u75c5\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u80ce\u76d8\u4f20\u67d3\u80ce\u513f\uff0c\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u80ce\u513f\u7578\u5f62\u6216\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u6d41\u4ea7\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\u3002

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3\u3001\u6613\u611f\u6027 \u666e\u904d\u6613\u611f\uff0c\u5176\u6613\u611f\u6027\u968f\u5e74\u9f84\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u4e0b\u964d\u300290%\u75c5\u4f8b\u53d1\u751f\u4e8e1\uff5e15\u5c81\uff0c\u5c24\u51765\uff5e9\u5c81\u7684\u513f\u7ae5\u30021\u5c81\u4ee5\u5185\u5a74\u513f\u4f53\u5185\u53ef\u6709\u6bcd\u9012\u514d\u75ab\u529b\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u60a3\u75c5\u3002\u6210\u4eba\u4e2d80%\u66fe\u60a3\u8fc7\u663e\u6027\u6216\u9690\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u3002\u513f\u7ae5\u60a3\u8005\u65e0\u6027\u522b\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u9752\u6625\u671f\u540e\u53d1\u75c5\u7537\u591a\u4e8e\u5973\u3002\u75c5\u540e\u53ef\u6709\u6301\u4e45\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u3002
4\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u7279\u5f81 \u5168\u5e74\u5747\u53ef\u53d1\u75c5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u51ac\u3001\u6625\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u53ef\u5448\u6d41\u884c\u6216\u6563\u53d1\u3002\u5728\u513f\u7ae5\u96c6\u4f53\u673a\u6784\u3001\u90e8\u961f\u4ee5\u53ca\u536b\u751f\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u62e5\u6324\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6613\u9020\u6210\u66b4\u53d1\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u5176\u6d41\u884c\u89c4\u5f8b\u662f\u968f\u7740\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u6613\u611f\u8005\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5468\u671f\u6027\uff0c\u6d41\u884c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u6ce2\u52a8\u57282\uff5e7\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u672a\u884c\u75ab\u82d7\u63a5\u79cd\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6709\u6bcf7\uff5e8\u5e74\u5468\u671f\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0
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2\u3001\u8840\u6e05\u548c\u5c3f\u6dc0\u7c89\u9176\u6d4b\u5b9a 90%\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8840\u6e05\u6dc0\u7c89\u9176\u6709\u8f7b\u5ea6\u548c\u4e2d\u5ea6\u589e\u9ad8\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u8bca\u65ad\u3002
3\u3001\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u67e5 \u8865\u4f53\u7ed3\u5408\u4e0e\u8840\u51dd\u6291\u5236\u8bd5\u9a8c\u65e9\u671f\u53ca\u6062\u590d\u671f\u53cc\u4efd\u8840\u6e05\u6d4b\u5b9a\u8865\u4f53\u7ed3\u5408\u53ca\u8840\u51dd\u6291\u5236\u6297\u4f53\uff0c\u6709\u663e\u8457\u589e\u957f\u8005\u53ef\u786e\u8bca\uff08\u6548\u4ef74\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u3002\u56fd\u5916\u91c7\u7528\u9176\u8054\u514d\u75ab\u5438\u5490\u6cd5\u53ca\u95f4\u63a5\u8367\u5149\u514d\u75ab\u68c0\u6d4bIgM\u6297\u4f53\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u65e9\u671f\u8bca\u65ad\u3002
4\u3001\u75c5\u6bd2\u5206\u79bb \u65e9\u671f\u60a3\u8005\u53ef\u5728\u553e\u6db2\u3001\u5c3f\u3001\u8840\u3001\u8111\u810a\u6db2\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u5230\u75c5\u6bd2\u3002

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\u9274\u522b\u8bca\u65ad
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2\u3001\u9888\u90e8\u53ca\u8033\u524d\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ed3\u708e\u80bf\u5927\u4e0d\u4ee5\u8033\u5782\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u9888\u90e8\u6216\u8033\u524d\u533a\uff0c\u4e3a\u6838\u72b6\u4f53\u8f83\u786c\uff0c\u8fb9\u7f18\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u538b\u75db\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u8868\u6d45\u8005\u53ef\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u53ef\u53d1\u73b0\u9888\u90e8\u6216\u8033\u524d\u533a\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ed3\u76f8\u5173\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6709\u708e\u75c7\uff0c\u5982\u54bd\u5ce1\u708e\u3001\u8033\u90e8\u75ae\u7596\u7b49\u3002\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u603b\u6570\u53ca\u4e2d\u6027\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u660e\u663e\u589e\u9ad8\u3002

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1\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u62a4\u7406 \u9694\u79bb\u60a3\u8005\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5367\u5e8a\u4f11\u606f\u76f4\u81f3\u816e\u817a\u80bf\u80c0\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u9000\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u53e3\u8154\u6e05\u6d01\uff0c\u996e\u98df\u4ee5\u6d41\u8d28\u6216\u8f6f\u98df\u4e3a\u5b9c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9178\u6027\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6db2\u4f53\u6444\u5165\u91cf\u3002
2\u3001\u5bf9\u75c7\u6cbb\u7597 \u5b9c\u6563\u98ce\u89e3\u8868\uff0c\u6e05\u70ed\u89e3\u6bd2\u3002\u7528\u677f\u5170\u683960\uff5e90\u514b\u6c34\u714e\u670d\u6216\u94f6\u7fc5\u6563\u52a0\u5927\u9752\u53f615\u514b\u6c34\u714e\u670d\uff1b\u5c40\u90e8\u5916\u6d82\u53ef\u7528\u7d2b\u91d1\u952d\u6216\u9752\u9edb\u6563\u7528\u918b\u8c03\uff0c\u5916\u6d82\u5c40\u90e8\uff0c\u4e00\u65e5\u6570\u6b21\uff1b\u6216\u7528\u8584\u516c\u82f1\u3001\uff1b\u9e2d\u8dd6\u8349\u3001\u6c34\u4ed9\u82b1\u6839\u3001\u9a6c\u9f7f\u82cb\u7b49\u6363\u70c2\u5916\u6577\uff0c\u53ef\u51cf\u8f7b\u5c40\u90e8\u80c0\u75db\u3002\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u5185\u670d\u53bb\u75db\u7247\u3001\u963f\u65af\u5339\u6797\u7b49\u89e3\u70ed\u9547\u75db\u836f\u3002

\uff08\u516d\uff09\u9884\u9632
1\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90 \u65e9\u671f\u9694\u79bb\u60a3\u8005\u76f4\u81f3\u816e\u817a\u80bf\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u9000\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u513f\u7ae5\u673a\u6784\u3001\u90e8\u961f\u7b49\u63a5\u89e6\u8005\u5e94\u7559\u9a8c3\u5468\uff0c\u5bf9\u53ef\u7591\u8005\u5e94\u7acb\u5373\u6682\u65f6\u9694\u79bb\u3002
2\u3001\u5207\u65ad\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84\uff1a\u5f00\u7a97\u901a\u98ce\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5ba4\u5185\u7a7a\u6c14\u65b0\u9c9c\uff0c\u7528\u8fc7\u6c27\u4e59\u9178\u6216\u542b\u6c2f\u6d88\u6bd2\u5242\u5bf9\u6c61\u67d3\u573a\u6240\u8fdb\u884c\u6d88\u6bd2\u3002\u6d41\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u6682\u505c\u96c6\u4f1a\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u6587\u4f53\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u75c5\u4eba\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u98df\u5177\u3001\u8863\u7269\u3001\u624b\u5e15\u3001\u73a9\u5177\u7b49\u5e94\u716e\u6cb8\u6d88\u6bd2\u6216\u9633\u5149\u66b4\u6652\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u751f\u517b\u6210\u52e4\u6d17\u624b\uff0c\u4e0d\u9762\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eba\u54b3\u55fd\u3001\u5927\u58f0\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7b49\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u536b\u751f\u4e60\u60ef\u3002
3\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u514d\u75ab\uff1a\u7528\u817a\u816e\u708e\u51cf\u6bd2\u6d3b\u75ab\u82d7\u6216\u9ebb\u75b9\u3001\u816e\u817a\u708e\u548c\u98ce\u75b9\u4e09\u8054\u75ab\u82d7\u3002
4\u3001\u836f\u7269\u9884\u9632 \u91c7\u7528\u677f\u5170\u683930\u514b\u6216\u91d1\u94f6\u82b19\u514b\u714e\u670d\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e51\u5242\uff0c\u8fde\u7eed6\u5929\u3002


\u6c34\u75d8
\u6c34\u75d8\u7531\u6c34\u75d8-\u5e26\u72b6\u75b1\u75b9\u75c5\u6bd2\u6240\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u6025\u6027\u547c\u5438\u9053\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u3002
\u6c34\u75d8\u662f\u539f\u53d1\u6027\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u591a\u89c1\u4e8e\u513f\u7ae5\uff0c
\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e0a\u4ee5\u8f7b\u5fae\u548c\u5168\u8eab\u75c7\u72b6\u548c\u76ae\u80a4\u3001\u7c98\u819c\u5206\u6279\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6591\u75b9\u3001\u4e18\u75b9\u3001\u75b1\u75b9\u4e0e\u7ed3\u75c2\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u3002

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u75c5\u539f\u5b66

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\u672c\u75c5\u6bd2\u4ec5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8840\u6e05\u578b\uff0c\u4eba\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5bbf\u4e3b\u3002
\u8be5\u75c5\u6bd2\u4e0d\u8010\u9ad8\u6e29\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u75c2\u76ae\u4e2d\u5b58\u6d3b\uff0c\u6613\u88ab\u6d88\u6bd2\u5242\u706d\u6d3b\u3002\u4f46\u80fd\u5728\u75b1\u75b9\u6db2\u4e2d-65\u2103\u4e0b\u5b58\u6d3b8\u5e74\u3002

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66
1\u3001\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90 \u6c34\u75d8\u60a3\u8005\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\uff0c\u81ea\u6c34\u75d8\u51fa\u75b9\u524d1\uff5e2\u5929\u81f3\u76ae\u75b9\u5e72\u71e5\u7ed3\u75c2\u65f6\uff0c\u5747\u6709\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\u3002\u6613\u611f\u513f\u7ae5\u63a5\u89e6\u5e26\u72b6\u75b1\u75b9\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u53d1\u751f\u6c34\u75d8\uff0c\u4f46\u5c11\u89c1\u3002
2\u3001\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84 \u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u98de\u6cab\u548c\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u5728\u8fd1\u8ddd\u79bb\u3001\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u4e5f\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u5065\u5eb7\u4eba\u95f4\u63a5\u4f20\u64ad\u3002
3\u3001\u6613\u611f\u4eba\u7fa4 \u666e\u904d\u6613\u611f\u3002\u4f46\u5b66\u9f84\u524d\u513f\u7ae5\u53d1\u75c5\u6700\u591a\u30026\u4e2a\u6708\u4ee5\u5185\u7684\u5a74\u513f\u7531\u4e8e\u83b7\u5f97\u6bcd\u4f53\u6297\u4f53\uff0c\u53d1\u75c5\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u598a\u5a20\u671f\u95f4\u60a3\u6c34\u75d8\u53ef\u611f\u67d3\u80ce\u513f\u3002\u75c5\u540e\u83b7\u5f97\u6301\u4e45\u514d\u75ab\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u53d1\u751f\u5e26\u72b6\u75b1\u75b9\u3002
4\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u7279\u5f81 \u5168\u5e74\u5747\u53ef\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u51ac\u6625\u5b63\u591a\u89c1\u3002\u672c\u75c5\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\u5f88\u5f3a\uff0c\u6613\u611f\u8005\u63a5\u89e6\u60a3\u8005\u540e\u7ea690%\u53d1\u75c5\uff0c\u6545\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u3001\u5c0f\u5b66\u7b49\u5e7c\u513f\u96c6\u4f53\u673a\u6784\u6613\u5f15\u8d77\u6d41\u884c\u3002

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0
\u6f5c\u4f0f\u671f14\uff5e16\u65e5\uff0810\uff5e24\u65e5\uff09
1\u3001\u524d\u9a71\u671f \u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\u5e38\u65e0\u524d\u9a71\u75c7\u72b6\u3002\u5e74\u957f\u513f\u6216\u6210\u4eba\u53ef\u6709\u53d1\u70ed\u5934\u75db\u3001\u5168\u8eab\u4e0d\u9002\u3001\u7eb3\u5dee\u53ca\u4e0a\u547c\u5438\u9053\u75c7\u72b6\uff0c1\uff5e2\u65e5\u540e\u624d\u51fa\u75b9\u3002

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0
2\u3001\u51fa\u75b9\u671f \u53d1\u70ed\u540c\u65f6\u62161\uff5e2\u5929\u540e\u51fa\u75b9\uff0c\u76ae\u75b9\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a
\uff081\uff09\u5148\u89c1\u4e8e\u8eaf\u5e72\u3001\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u540e\u5ef6\u53ca\u5168\u8eab\u3002\u76ae\u75b9\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc5\u901f\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3a\u7ea2\u6591\u75b9\uff0c\u6570\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e18\u75b9\uff0c\u518d\u5f62\u6210\u75b1\u75b9\uff0c\u75b1\u75b9\u65f6\u611f\u76ae\u80a4\u6414\u75d2\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5e72\u7ed3\u6210\u75c2\uff0c\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u65f6\u53ea\u97006\uff5e8\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u65e0\u611f\u67d3\uff0c1\uff5e2\u5468\u540e\u75c2\u76ae\u8131\u843d\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u7559\u7622\u75d5\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u76ae\u75b9\u5e38\u5448\u692d\u56ed\u5f62\uff0c3\uff5e5mm\uff0c\u5468\u56f4\u6709\u7ea2\u6655\uff0c\u75b1\u75b9\u6d45\u8868\u6613\u7834\u3002\u75b1\u6db2\u521d\u4e3a\u900f\u660e\uff0c\u540e\u6df7\u6d4a\uff0c\u7ee7\u53d1\u611f\u67d3\u53ef\u5448\u8113\u6027\uff0c\u7ed3\u75c2\u65f6\u95f4\u5ef6\u957f\u5e76\u53ef\u7559\u6709\u7622\u75d5\u3002
\uff083\uff09\u76ae\u75b9\u5448\u5411\u5fc3\u6027\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u8eaf\u5e72\u6700\u591a\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u4e3a\u5934\u9762\u90e8\u53ca\u56db\u80a2\u8fd1\u7aef\u3002\u6570\u76ee\u7531\u6570\u4e2a\u81f3\u6570\u5343\u4e2a\u4e0d\u7b49\u3002
\uff084\uff09\u76ae\u75b9\u5206\u6279\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u90e8\u4f4d\u53ef\u89c1\u6591\u75b9\u3001\u4e18\u75b9\u3001\u75b1\u75b9\u548c\u7ed3\u75c2\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u3002

\uff08\u56db\uff09\u8bca\u65ad
1\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66 \u5bf9\u51ac\u6625\u5b63\u6709\u8f7b\u5ea6\u53d1\u70ed\u53ca\u547c\u5438\u9053\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u5b66\u9f84\u524d\u513f\u7ae5\uff0c\u5e94\u6ce8\u610f\u4ed4\u7ec6\u67e5\u4f53\uff0c\u8be2\u95ee\u6709\u65e0\u4e0e\u6c34\u75d8\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u53f2\u3002
2\u3001\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0\u6839\u636e\u76ae\u75b9\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5448\u5411\u5fc3\u6027\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5206\u6279\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u75b9\u578b\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u7c98\u819c\u75b9\uff0c\u5168\u8eab\u75c7\u72b6\u8f7b\u5fae\u6216\u65e0\uff0c\u591a\u80fd\u786e\u7acb\u8bca\u65ad\u3002
3\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u68c0\u67e5
\uff081\uff09\u8840\u8c61\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u603b\u6570\u6b63\u5e38\u6216\u7a0d\u589e\u9ad8\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u75c5\u6bd2\u5206\u79bb \u5728\u8d77\u75c53\u5929\u5185\u53d6\u75b1\u75b9\u6db2\u505a\u7ec6\u80de\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u5176\u75c5\u6bd2\u5206\u79bb\u9633\u6027\u7387\u9ad8\u3002
\uff083\uff09\u8840\u6e05\u6297\u4f53\u68c0\u6d4b\u53ef\u7528\u8865\u4f53\u7ed3\u5408\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u6d4b\u5b9a\u3002

\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u6cbb\u7597
1\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u5bf9\u75c7\u6cbb\u7597
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2\u3001\u6297\u75c5\u6bd2\u7597\u6cd5
\u5e72\u6270\u7d20\uff0c10\uff5e20\u4e07\u03bc/\u65e5\uff0c\u8fde\u75283\uff5e5\u5929\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u5982\u963f\u7cd6\u817a\u82f7\u3001\u65e0\u73af\u9e1f\u82f7\u7b49\u4e5f\u53ef\u9009\u7528\u3002


\uff08\u516d\uff09\u9884\u9632
1\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\uff1a\u9694\u79bb\u60a3\u8005\u81f3\u5168\u90e8\u76ae\u75b9\u7ed3\u75c2\uff0c\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u513f\u7ae5\u673a\u6784\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u8005\u5e94\u7559\u9a8c3\u5468\uff0c\u5bf9\u53ef\u7591\u8005\u5e94\u7acb\u5373\u6682\u65f6\u9694\u79bb\u3002
2\u3001\u5207\u65ad\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84\uff1a\u5f00\u7a97\u901a\u98ce\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5ba4\u5185\u7a7a\u6c14\u65b0\u9c9c\uff0c\u7528\u8fc7\u6c27\u4e59\u9178\u6216\u542b\u6c2f\u6d88\u6bd2\u5242\u5bf9\u6c61\u67d3\u573a\u6240\u8fdb\u884c\u6d88\u6bd2\u3002\u6d41\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u6682\u505c\u96c6\u4f1a\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u6587\u4f53\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u75c5\u4eba\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u98df\u5177\u3001\u8863\u7269\u3001\u624b\u5e15\u3001\u73a9\u5177\u7b49\u5e94\u716e\u6cb8\u6d88\u6bd2\u6216\u9633\u5149\u66b4\u6652\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u751f\u517b\u6210\u52e4\u6d17\u624b\uff0c\u4e0d\u9762\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eba\u54b3\u55fd\u3001\u5927\u58f0\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7b49\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u536b\u751f\u4e60\u60ef\u3002
3\u3001\u63a5\u79cd\u6c34\u75d8\u75ab\u82d7\uff1a\u7528\u6c34\u75d8\u51cf\u6bd2\u6d3b\u75ab\u82d7\uff0c\u63a5\u79cd\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a1\u5468\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0a\u513f\u7ae5\u3002

\u9ebb\u75b9
\u9ebb\u75b9\u662f\u7531\u9ebb\u75b9\u75c5\u6bd2\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u6025\u6027\u547c\u5438\u9053\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u3002
\u4e34\u5e8a\u7279\u5f81\u4e3a\u53d1\u70ed\u3001\u6d41\u6d95\u3001\u54b3\u55fd\u3001\u773c\u7ed3\u5408\u819c\u708e\u3001\u53e3\u8154\u7c98\u819c\u6591\u53ca\u5168\u8eab\u76ae\u80a4\u6591\u4e18\u75b9\u3002

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u75c5\u539f\u5b66
\u9ebb\u75b9\u75c5\u6bd2\u5c5e\u526f\u7c98\u6db2\u75c5\u6bd2\u3002
\u8be5\u75c5\u6bd2\u5916\u754c\u62b5\u6297\u529b\u4e0d\u5f3a\uff0c\u6613\u88ab\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u53ca\u4e00\u822c\u6d88\u6bd2\u5242\u706d\u6d3b\uff1b\u8010\u5bd2\u4e0d\u8010\u70ed\uff0c4\u2103\u53ef\u5b58\u6d3b5\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c-15\u2103\u5b58\u6d3b5\u5e74\uff1b\u800c20\uff5e37\u2103\u4ec5\u5b58\u6d3b2\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c56\u210330\u5206\u949f\u5373\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u3002

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66
1\u3001\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\uff1a\u60a3\u8005\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u51fa\u75b9\u524d\u540e5\u5929\u5747\u6709\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\u3002\u8be5\u75c5\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\u5f3a\uff0c\u6613\u611f\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\u540e90%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u53ef\u5f97\u75c5

2\u3001\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84\uff1a\u60a3\u8005\u54b3\u55fd\u3001\u55b7\u568f\u65f6\uff0c\u75c5\u6bd2\u968f\u98de\u6cab\u6392\u51fa\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5230\u8fbe\u6613\u611f\u8005\u7684\u547c\u5438\u9053\u6216\u773c\u7ed3\u5408\u819c\u800c\u81f4\u611f\u67d3\u3002\u95f4\u63a5\u4f20\u64ad\u5f88\u5c11\u3002

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66
3\u3001\u6613\u611f\u4eba\u7fa4 \u672a\u60a3\u8fc7\u9ebb\u75b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u672a\u63a5\u79cd\u9ebb\u75b9\u75ab\u82d7\u8005\u5747\u4e3a\u6613\u611f\u8005\u3002\u75c5\u540e\u6709\u8f83\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u3002\u901a\u5e386\u4e2a\u6708\u81f35\u5c81\u5c0f\u513f\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c6\u4e2a\u6708\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5a74\u513f\u5177\u6709\u6bcd\u9012\u514d\u75ab\u529b\uff0c\u6781\u5c11\u53d1\u75c5\u3002\u9ebb\u75b9\u6d3b\u75ab\u82d7\u9884\u9632\u63a5\u79cd\u540e\u53ef\u83b7\u6709\u6548\u514d\u75ab\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u6297\u4f53\u6c34\u5e73\u53ef\u9010\u5e74\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u518d\u63a5\u89e6\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\u8fd8\u53ef\u53d1\u75c5\u3002\u5f00\u5c55\u5e7f\u6cdb\u9884\u9632\u63a5\u79cd\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u75c5\u5e74\u9f84\u6709\u589e\u5927\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002
4\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u7279\u5f81 \u672c\u75c5\u76ee\u524d\u591a\u4e3a\u6563\u53d1\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\u8fdb\u5165\u6613\u611f\u8005\u5c45\u4f4f\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u81f4\u66b4\u53d1\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u6d41\u884c\u591a\u53d1\u751f\u4e8e\u51ac\u6625\u4e24\u5b63\u3002

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0
\u6f5c\u4f0f\u671f\u4e3a10\uff5e14\u5929\u3002\u4e25\u91cd\u611f\u67d3\u6216\u8f93\u8840\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u53ef\u77ed\u81f36\u5929\uff1b\u88ab\u52a8\u514d\u75ab\u6216\u63a5\u79cd\u75ab\u82d7\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u957f\u8fbe3\uff5e4\u5468\u3002
\u672c\u75c5\u5178\u578b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5206\u4e09\u671f\u3002
\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0 --- 1\u3001\u524d\u9a71\u671f

\u53c8\u79f0\u51fa\u75b9\u524d\u9a71\u671f\uff0c\u6301\u7eed2\uff5e4\u5929\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u547c\u5438\u9053\u708e\u75c7\uff0c\u6025\u8d77\u53d1\u70ed\uff0c\u54b3\u55fd\u3001\u6d41\u6d95\u3001\u55b7\u568f\u3001\u754f\u5149\u6d41\u6cea\uff0c\u7ed3\u819c\u5145\u8840\u3001\u773c\u7751\u6d6e\u80bf\u3002\u54b3\u55fd\u9010\u65e5\u52a0\u91cd\u3002\u5a74\u513f\u53ef\u4f34\u6709\u5455\u5410\u8179\u6cfb\u3002\u8d77\u75c52\uff5e3\u5929\u7b2c\u4e00\u81fc\u9f7f\u5bf9\u9762\u7684\u988a\u7c98\u819c\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u9488\u5c16\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u7ec6\u76d0\u7c92\u6837\u7070\u767d\u8272\u6591\u70b9\uff0c\u5fae\u9686\u8d77\uff0c\u5468\u56f4\u7ea2\u6655\u79f0\u4e3a\u9ebb\u75b9\u7c98\u819c\u6591\uff08Koplik\u2019s spots\uff09\uff1b\u6b64\u5f81\u6709\u65e9\u671f\u8bca\u65ad\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u521d\u5c11\u8bb8\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u6269\u6563\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u988a\u7c98\u819c\u53ca\u5507\u9f88\u7b49\u5904\u3002\u7c98\u819c\u6591\u591a\u6570\u5728\u51fa\u75b9\u540e1\uff5e2\u5929\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u4e0b\u8138\u7f18\u53ef\u89c1\u5145\u8840\u7684\u7ea2\u7ebf(stimson's line)\u3002

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0-- 2\u3001\u51fa\u75b9\u671f
\u4e8e\u7b2c4\u75c5\u65e5\u5de6\u53f3\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u75b9\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6301\u7eed3\uff5e5\u5929\u3002\u76ae\u75b9\u9996\u5148\u5f00\u59cb\u8033\u540e\u53d1\u9645\uff0c\u6e10\u53ca\u524d\u989d\u3001\u9762\u9888\u3001\u8eaf\u5e72\u4e0e\u56db\u80a2\uff0c\u5f85\u624b\u811a\u5fc3\u89c1\u75b9\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u201c\u51fa\u9f50\u201d\u6216\u201c\u51fa\u900f\u201d\u3002\u76ae\u75b9\u521d\u4e3a\u7a00\u758f\u6de1\u7ea2\u8272\u6591\u4e18\u75b9\uff0c\u76f4\u5f842--4mm\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u76ae\u75b9\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u878d\u5408\u5448\u5375\u56ed\u5f62\u6216\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\u5f62\uff0c\u75b9\u95f4\u53ef\u89c1\u6b63\u5e38\u76ae\u80a4\uff0c\u76ae\u75b9\u51fa\u900f\u540e\u8f6c\u4e3a\u6697\u68d5\u8272\u3002
\u672c\u671f\u5168\u8eab\u4e2d\u6bd2\u75c7\u52a0\u91cd\uff0c\u4f53\u6e29\u9ad8\u8fbe40\u2103\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u840e\u7cdc\u3001\u55dc\u7761\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u8c35\u5984\u62bd\u6410\u3002\u9762\u90e8\u6d6e\u80bf\uff0c\u76ae\u8bca\uff0c\u773c\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7c98\u8fde\u773c\u7751\u4e0d\u6613\u7741\u5f00\uff0c\u6d41\u6d53\u6d95\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8868\u73b0\u4e4b\u9762\u8c8c\u79f0\u4e3a\u9ebb\u75b9\u9762\u5bb9\u3002\u820c\u4e73\u5934\u7ea2\u80bf\uff0c\u54bd\u90e8\u80bf\u75db\uff0c\u54b3\u55fd\u52a0\u91cd\uff0c\u58f0\u97f3\u5636\u54d1\uff0c\u547c\u5438\u9053\u6025\u4fc3\uff0c\u80f8\u90e8X\u7ebf\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u8f7b\u91cd\u4e0d\u7b49\u7684\u8f83\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u80ba\u90e8\u6d78\u6da6\u75c5\u53d8\u3002\u80ba\u90e8\u4f53\u5f81\uff0c\u9664\u91cd\u75c7\u75c5\u4eba\u80ba\u90e8\u95fb\u6709\u7ec6\u6e7f\u7f57\u97f3\u5916\uff0c\u591a\u4e3a\u9634\u6027\u3002\u8be5\u671f\u75c5\u4eba\u809d\u813e\u53ef\u80bf\u5927\uff0c\u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\u6613\u4f34\u8179\u6cfb\u7a00\u6c34\u6837\u4fbf\uff0c\u7caa\u68c0\u542b\u6709\u5c11\u8bb8\u8113\u7ec6\u80de\u3002

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0-- 3\u3001\u6062\u590d\u671f
\u76ae\u75b9\u51fa\u9f50\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u6bd2\u75c7\u72b6\u660e\u663e\u7f13\u89e3\uff0c\u4f53\u6e29\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u7ea61\uff5e2\u65e5\u964d\u81f3\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u7cbe\u795e\u98df\u6b32\u597d\u8f6c\uff0c\u547c\u5438\u9053\u708e\u75c7\u8fc5\u901f\u51cf\u8f7b\uff0c\u76ae\u75b9\u6309\u51fa\u75b9\u987a\u5e8f\u6d88\u9000\u5e76\u7559\u6709\u7ce0\u9eb8\u6837\u7ec6\u5c0f\u8131\u5c51\u53ca\u6de1\u8910\u8272\u8272\u7d20\u6c89\u7740\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a71\u5e72\u4e3a\u591a\uff0c1\uff5e2\u5468\u9000\u51c0\u3002\u82e5\u65e0\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u7684\u5178\u578b\u9ebb\u75b9\u5168\u7a0b10\uff5e14\u5929\u3002
\uff08\u56db\uff09\u8bca\u65ad
1\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66 \u6613\u611f\u8005\uff08\u672a\u51fa\u8fc7\u9ebb\u75b9\uff0c\u4ea6\u672a\u7ecf\u81ea\u52a8\u514d\u75ab\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u75c5\u524d3\uff5e4\u5468\u5185\u6709\u4e0e\u9ebb\u75b9\u60a3\u8005\u63a5\u89e6\u53f2\u3002
2\u3001\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0 \u51e1\u6709\u53d1\u70ed\uff0c\u4e0a\u547c\u5438\u9053\u708e\u75c7\u3001\u7ed3\u819c\u5145\u8840\u3001\u6d41\u6cea\u7b49\u75c7\u72b6\u5e94\u7591\u4e3a\u9ebb\u75b9\uff0c\u5982\u53e3\u8154\u67e5\u89c1\u9ebb\u75b9\u7c98\u819c\u6591\uff0c\u53ef\u57fa\u672c\u786e\u8bca\u3002\u82e5\u6709\u5178\u578b\u76ae\u75b9\uff0c\u9000\u75b9\u540e\u7559\u6709\u8272\u7d20\u6c89\u7740\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u75c7\u72b6\u76f8\u5e94\u51cf\u8f7b\uff0c\u5219\u8bca\u65ad\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u786e\u3002

\uff08\u56db\uff09\u8bca\u65ad
3\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u68c0\u67e5 \u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7591\u96be\u75c5\u4f8b\u6216\u4e45\u65e0\u9ebb\u75b9\u5730\u533a\u7684\u9996\u53d1\u75c5\u4f8b\u7684\u786e\u8bca\u3002
\uff081\uff09\u75c5\u6bd2\u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b\u6216\u75c5\u6bd2\u57f9\u517b\uff1a\u91c7\u65e9\u671f\u75c5\u4eba\u6f31\u53e3\u6db2\u6216\u9f3b\u3001\u54bd\u62ed\u5b50\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u67e5\uff1a\u7528\u9176\u8054\u514d\u75ab\u5438\u9644\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6216\u514d\u75ab\u8367\u5149\u6280\u672f\u68c0\u6d4b\u75c5\u4eba\u8840\u6e05\u6297\u9ebb\u75b9IgM\uff1b\u4ee5\u8840\u51dd\u6291\u5236\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e2d\u548c\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u8865\u4f53\u7ed3\u5408\u8bd5\u9a8c\u68c0\u6d4b\u9ebb\u75b9\u6297\u4f53IgG\uff0c\u6025\u6027\u671f\u548c\u6062\u590d\u671f\u8840\u6e05\u54484\u500d\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u5747\u6709\u8bca\u65ad\u4ef7\u503c\u3002

\u9274\u522b\u8bca\u65ad
1\u3001\u98ce\u75b9(rubella)\uff1a\u591a\u89c1\u4e8e\u5e7c\u513f\uff0c\u4e2d\u6bd2\u75c7\u72b6\u53ca\u547c\u5438\u9053\u708e\u75c7\u8f7b\uff0c\u8d77\u75c51\uff5e2\u5929\u5373\u51fa\u75b9\uff0c\u4e3a\u7ec6\u5c0f\u7a00\u758f\u6de1\u7ea2\u8272\u6591\u4e18\u75b9\uff0c1\uff5e2\u5929\u9000\u75b9\uff0c\u65e0\u8272\u7d20\u6c89\u7740\u53ca\u8131\u5c51\u3002\u8033\u540e\u3001\u6795\u540e\u3001\u9888\u90e8\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ed3\u80bf\u5927\u662f\u5176\u663e\u8457\u7279\u70b9\u3002
2\u3001\u5e7c\u513f\u6025\u75b9(exanthema subitum,roseda infantum)\uff1a\u591a\u89c1\u4e8e2\u5c81\u4ee5\u5185\u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\uff0c\u9aa4\u53d1\u9ad8\u70ed\uff0c\u4e0a\u547c\u5438\u9053\u75c7\u72b6\u8f7b\u5fae\uff0c\u60a3\u513f\u7cbe\u795e\u597d\uff0c\u9ad8\u70ed\u6301\u7eed3\uff5e5\u5929\u9aa4\u9000\uff0c\u70ed\u9000\u65f6\u6216\u9000\u540e\u51fa\u75b9\uff0c\u65e0\u8272\u7d20\u6c89\u7740\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u8131\u5c51\uff0c\u662f\u672c\u75c5\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002

\u9274\u522b\u8bca\u65ad
3\u3001\u7329\u7ea2\u70ed\uff1a\u524d\u9a71\u671f\u53d1\u70ed\uff0c\u54bd\u75db\uff0c\u8d77\u75c51\uff5e2\u5929\u5185\u51fa\u75b9\uff0c\u76ae\u75b9\u4e3a\u9488\u5934\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u6591\u70b9\u72b6\u6591\u75b9\u6216\u7c9f\u7c92\u75b9\uff0c\u75b9\u95f4\u76ae\u80a4\u5145\u8840\uff0c\u76ae\u80a4\u5f25\u6f2b\u6027\u6f6e\u7ea2\uff0c\u538b\u4e4b\u9000\u8272\uff0c\u9000\u75b9\u65f6\u8131\u5c51\u8131\u76ae\uff0c\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u603b\u6570\u53ca\u4e2d\u6027\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u660e\u663e\u5347\u9ad8\u3002
4\u3001\u80a0\u9053\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\uff1a\u67ef\u8428\u5947\u75c5\u6bd2\u53ca\u57c3\u53ef\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u76ae\u75b9\u3002\u591a\u89c1\u4e8e\u590f\u79cb\u5b63\uff0c\u51fa\u75b9\u524d\u6709\u53d1\u70ed\uff0c\u54b3\u55fd\u3001\u8179\u6cfb\uff0c\u5076\u89c1\u7c98\u819c\u6591\uff0c\u5e38\u4f34\u5168\u8eab\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ed3\u80bf\u5927\uff0c\u76ae\u75b9\u5f62\u6001\u4e0d\u4e00\uff0c\u53ef\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u75b9\u9000\u4e0d\u8131\u5c51\uff0c\u65e0\u8272\u7d20\u6c89\u7740\u3002

\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u6cbb\u7597
1\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u6cbb\u7597\u53ca\u62a4\u7406\uff1a
\uff081\uff09\u547c\u5438\u9053\u9694\u79bb \u60a3\u8005\u5e94\u5728\u5bb6\u9694\u79bb\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\u81f3\u51fa\u75b9\u540e5\u5929\u3002\u6709\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u5e94\u4f4f\u9662\u9694\u79bb\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u9694\u79bb\u671f\u5ef6\u957f5\u5929\u3002
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水痘皮疹的特点 水痘皮疹数量较多，数百至数千个不等。一般首先出现于面部、头皮和躯干，其分布呈向心性，以发际、胸背较多，四肢面部较少，手掌足底偶见。鼻、咽、口腔、外阴等部位的黏膜亦可发疹。皮疹出现时仍伴有不同程度的全身症状，但往往较出疹前减轻。发热一般随着出疹的停止逐渐下降至正常。皮疹有痒感，有时因剧痒使患者烦躁不安。黏膜处皮疹易破溃成溃疡，常伴有疼痛。皮疹数量多者全身症状较重。水痘发疹经历斑疹、丘疹、疱疹及结痂四个阶段。初为红斑疹、数小时后变为深红色丘疹，再经数小时后变为疱疹。典型疱疹呈卵圆形，壁薄易破，周围绕以红晕，疱疹之间有正常皮肤。疱液初透明后渐转混浊，甚至于呈脓疱样外观;也可因患者搔抓致继发化脓性感染而形成典型的脓疱，并因此导致全身症状加重。若未发生化脓性感染，自疱疹形成后1～2天，就开始从疱疹中心部位枯干结痂;再经数天，痂壳即行脱落，约2周脱尽。由于疱疹损害表浅，故愈后大都不留瘢痕，即使局部遗有暂时性色素沉着，也能逐步消退。水痘皮疹分批发生，在前一批皮疹损害逐步演变愈合的过程中，新的一批疱疹又次第出现，导致红斑、丘疹、疱疹和结痂等各阶段损害可在同一时间内并存于同一患者。尤其是在发疹第2～3天，同一部位常常可见到各阶段的皮疹，此为水痘皮疹的另一重要特征。随着患者体内免疫力的逐渐增强，皮疹逐渐减少。最后一批出现的皮疹、可在斑丘疹期即停止发展，并就此消退，患者痊愈。　　典型水痘具有如下特点：①患者多为婴幼儿，发热后1～2天内分批出现全身性皮疹，其分布呈向心性;②皮疹在1～2天内经历由斑疹、丘疹、疱疹，继以枯干结痂的阶段。各阶段不同的形态皮疹可同时并存于患者身体的同一部位;③典型疱疹呈卵圆形，壁薄易破，疱疹中央部无脐凹;只要没有继发性感染，疱疹不化脓，愈后不留瘢痕;④除内脏型水痘及进行性播散型水痘的罹患者之外，患者全身症状一般不重;⑤流行病学史可询及所接触的人群中有类似患者。水痘脑炎若发生于出疹的病程中或病程后，诊断不难。若脑炎的临床表现见于出疹前，由于其临床特征和脑脊液检查特点与其他病毒性脑炎相似，则诊断殊为困难;临床上往往只能在见到典型疱疹后，才能做出水痘脑炎的诊断。

水痘皮疹首先出现在头皮和躯干，然后播散四肢。皮疹以躯干最多，头面、四肢较少，掌和足底可见，部分病人可有口腔、结膜、阴道粘膜疱疹。皮疹初呈红色斑疹，伴瘙痒，然后迅速发展为丘疹，丘疹基底部呈环形红斑，表面形成水疱，直径1～4mm，疱液先呈透明，数小时后变浑浊，疱疹易破溃，约1天左右开始结痂，底部红斑消失，约1周痂皮脱落，一般不留痕迹，若皮疹破溃继发感染，且侵及真皮，脱痂处可留有瘢痕。

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