英语的倒装语序 英语倒装句
\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u5012\u88c5\u8bed\u5e8f\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u53e5\u578b\u662f\u4e3b\u8bed
+
\u8c13\u8bed\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e0e\u8c13\u8bed\u8c03\u6362,
\u79f0\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u3002
\u88c5\u53e5\u5206\u5168\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u548c\u534a\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u3002
\u4e00\u3001
\u5168\u5012\u88c5:
\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e0e\u8c13\u8bed\u4ea4\u6362\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u9700\u4efb\u4f55\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd,
\u53eb\u5168\u5012\u88c5\u3002\u5168\u5012\u88c5\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5:
1\u3001\u5f53here,
there,
out,
in,
up,
down\u7b49\u526f\u8bcd\u653e\u5728\u53e5\u9996\u65f6,
\u53e5\u5b50\u9700\u5168\u5012\u88c5:
There
goes
the
bell!
\u94c3\u54cd\u4e86\uff01
There
lived
an
old
man.
Here
comes
the
bus.\u6ce8\u610f:
\u2460\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5012\u88c5\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216be\u52a8\u8bcd,
\u50cfgo,
come,
mush\u7b49\u3002
\u2461\u4e3b\u8bed\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4ee3\u8bcd\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u5012\u88c5\u5982Away
he
went.
\u4ed6\u8d70\u8fdc\u4e86\u3002
2\u3001\u65b9\u4f4d\u72b6\u8bed\u5728\u53e5\u9996,
\u5982:
In
front
of
the
house
stopped
a
police
car.
Nearby
were
two
canoes
in
which
they
had
come
to
the
island.
Under
the
tree
sat
a
boy.
3
\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u8bed\u5728\u53e5\u9996,
\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u5012\u88c5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4e0d\u5012\u88c5
"What
does
it
mean?"
asked
the
boy\u6216the
boy
asked.
\u4e8c\u3001\u534a\u5012\u88c5:
\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e0e\u8c13\u8bed\u7684\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd\u4ea4\u6362\u4f4d\u7f6e\u79f0\u534a\u5012\u88c5,
\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6570\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5:
1,\u5426\u5b9a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8bcd\u5728\u53e5\u9996,
\u53e5\u5b50\u534a\u5012\u88c5,
\u4f8b\u5982:
little,
never,
not,
no,
hardly,
rarely,seldom
Never
shall
I
forget
you.
At
no
time
was
the
man
aware
of
what
was
happening.
Little
did
I
understand
what
he
said
to
me
at
that
time.
2\u3001
\u51e0\u5bf9\u5e76\u5217\u8fde\u8bcd\u5982not
only\u2026but
also,
hardly\u2026
when\u7b49\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e76\u5217\u53e5,
\u8fde\u8bcd\u5728\u53e5\u9996,
\u524d\u53e5\u534a\u5012\u88c5,
\u540e\u53e5\u4e0d\u5012\u88c5:
Not
only
was
everything
he
had
taker
away
from
him,
but
also
his
German
citizenship
was
taken
away.
No
sooner
had
I
got
to
the
bus
stop
than
the
bus
started.
\u6ce8\u610f:
\u2460not
only\u2026but
also\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e76\u5217\u4e3b\u8bed\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u5012\u88c5,\u5982:Not
only
you
but
also
I
like
playing
chess.
\u2461neither\u2026nor\u5728\u53e5\u9996\u65f6,
\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u53e5\u90fd\u9700\u5012\u88c5,Neither
do
I
have
a
sister
nor
does
my
husband.
3\u3001only\u5728\u53e5\u9996\u5f3a\u8c03\u72b6\u8bed,
\u4e3b\u53e5\u534a\u5012\u88c5:
Only
then
did
I
realize
that
I
was
wrong.Only
in
this
way
can
I
learn
from
my
fault.
Only
when
the
war
was
over
in
1918,
was
he
able
to
get
back
to
work.
\u6ce8\u610f:
only\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e0d\u5012\u88c5:Only
the
teachers
can
use
the
room.
4\u3001so\u2026that\u53e5\u578b,
so\u5728\u53e5\u9996\u65f6,
\u4e3b\u53e5\u5012\u88c5,
that\u4ece\u53e5\u4e0d\u5012\u88c5:
So
easy
is
it
that
a
clild
can
learn
it.So
hard
did
he
work
that
he
finally
won
the
fame.
I
saw
the
film,
so
did
he.
5.\u7701\u7565\u4e86if\u7684\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5
Had
I
been
informed
earlier,
I
could
have
done
something.Were
she
here,
she
would
support
the
motion.
\u73b0\u5728\u600e\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u4e71\u56de\u7b54\u8e6d\u5206\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u6765\u66ff\u4f60\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a
\u5012\u88c5\u7684\u662frich\uff0crich\u662f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u8981\u653e\u7cfb\u52a8\u8bcdbe\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u53e5\u5b50\u91cc\u5b83\u63d0\u524d\u4e86\u8d8a\u8fc7\u4e86is\uff0c\u653e\u5230\u4e86\u53e5\u9996\u3002
\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5012\u88c5\uff0c\u8bed\u5e8f\u5e94\u8be5\u662fas our country is rich
倒装语序分为全部倒装和部分倒装，全部倒装结构是谓语动词提前至主语之前，部分倒装结构是助动词或情态动词提至主语之前，而谓语动词位置不变。
一、全部倒装：谓语动词提前至主语之前为全部倒装。
当首句为方位或时间副词，谓语动词为go，come等时通常用全部倒装。
例：Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don't talk about that anymore.
几年前的一天，我说了一句话并最终成为我对任何和全部挑衅的回答：关于那个问题我再也不讨论了。
二、部分倒装：助动词或情态动词提至主语之前，谓语动词位置不变，即为部分倒装。
当句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，这个句子就需要部分倒装。
例：Little do they know about her alternative career. 他们对她的另一个职业一无所知。
答案是复制的，但本人负责讲解。欢迎提问。
倒装句就是将正常的陈述语序加以变化，主要作用是强调被提前的部分倒装句可分为全部倒装和部分倒装两种：一、全部倒装谓语动词提前至主语之前为全部倒装，如：Out came his guest.On the hill stood a little cottage that contained heaps of hay.There lived an elderly lady whose husband died long ago.二、部分倒装助动词或情态动词提至主语之前，谓语动词位置不变，即为部分倒装，如：Neither could he see through your plan.So little did I know about him that I was easily taken in by his words.Doesn't her invitation appeal to you?第一节 否定词提前倒装否定词用于句首时，句子应进行部分倒装否定词常用的有：Not only…(but also), Not until(直到…..才), No sooner….(than)(一…..就) Never/ Rarely/SeldomHardly/Scarcely… (when) Few/LittleNeither/Nor (也不) NwhereAt no time Under no circumstances(决不)On no account (决不) In no way其中not only, no sooner, hardly, scarcely 分别和but (also), than, when搭配使用，需注意：后一组词之后的部分不进行倒装，只有否定词之后的部分倒装如：Hardly had I arrived home when it began to rain.Not only was he able to enter the final round of the contest, but he came out first as well.No sooner had I got any chance to speak than the clerk slammed the door in my face.Seldom does he travel about.Under no circumstances should you betray your own country.此类倒装句一般出现在填空题中，需填入的是倒装部分，只要在句首见到上述的词，就应条件反射的想到用倒装句 例题：(1) ---- was the first fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid. (A) Not until 1866 (B) Until 1866, just (C) Until 1866 (D) In 1866, not until 答案：A解释：由被动式was laid被名词短语分割开可知, 此句是个部分倒装句, 选项中只有A否定词提前可引导倒装句, 1866应是until的宾语, 故D不对; 此句正常语序应为: The first fully successful transatlantic cable was not finally laid until 1866. (2) Not until 1931 ---- the official anthem of the United States.(A) “The Star-spangled Banner” did become(B) when “The Star-spangled Banner” became (C) did “The Star-spangled Banner” become (D) became “The Star-spangled Banner” 答案：C解释：否定词not放在句首引起部分倒装，只有C符合倒装语序 第二节 介词、分词词组提前倒装当句子没有宾语，且主语偏长时，往往将句中作状语的介词短语或作表语的形容词短语或作表语的分词短语提至句首，引起主谓的全部倒装如：In the middle of the river floated the cluster of plants that she had cast. Characteristic of an anarchist was her strong opposition to the government, which she had blamed for all the social injustices. Lying on the grassland is a pretty girl in her early twenties. 例题：(1) Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent ----, or pronghorn. (A) it is the American antelope (B) the American antelope is (C) is the American antelope (D) the American antelope 答案：C 解释：此句为形容词短语be typical of作表语前置引起的完全倒装句, 空白处缺少的实为倒装的主语和谓语动词, A B未倒装, 可首先排除; D无动词, 也可排除. 此句正常语序应为: The American antelope, or pronghorn, is typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent. (2) The glaciers that reached the Pacific Coast were valley glaciers, and between those tongues of ice ----that allowed the original forests to survive. (A) that many sanctuaries were (B) were many sanctuaries (C) were there many sanctuaries (D) there the many sanctuaries 答案：B解释：and是并列句的连接词，逗号前是分句一，and后是分句二. 因分句二中between引导的介词短语提前，空格处需要分句二倒装的主谓语，D无谓语，可先排除；A使原句只有从句无主句; C中there是多余的，只能选B第三节 副词提前倒装副词提至句首引起倒装，可分以下几种情况：1. only + 副词(when, before, if, after等)或only+介词状语(由in, under, by, on, after等引导)提前，必须部分倒装如：Only then did he realize how stupid he had been. Only after entering the store did Arthur realize that there was danger. Only in the library can she concentrate on her study. 2. often, such, so等副词提前，部分倒装 如: So diligently did he work that he got hight scores on the final exam. =He worked so diligently that he got hight scores on the final exam. Such was his wish that the world would stay away from war forever.Often did we go on a holiday in hot summer. 注意，so的另一种倒装是表示“也…” California relies heavily on income from crops, and so does Florida. 加利福尼亚过多的依赖于来自农作物的收入，佛罗里达也是这样 同理，体会一下neither, nor的倒装 He can't dance, neither/nor can I.= I can't, either. 他不会跳舞，我也不会。 3. in, out, down, up, away, off, here, there, over等副词提前，全部倒装 如：Off got the staggering gentlemen.Here are the photos I took at the seaside. 例题：(1) As inevitably as human culture has changed with the passing of time, so does the A B C D environment. 答案：D应改为：has解释：逗号后是副词so引起的倒装句，表示同前者相同，倒装的助动词应与前一句一致，也用has (2) Only outside the Earth's atmosphere ---- to attain extremely high velocities. (A) to be safe for a space vessel (B) is it safe for a space vessel (C) for a space vessel to be safe (D) a space vessel to be safe 答案：B解释：副词only引导状语放在句首时，句子需要部分倒装，只有B符合题意第四节 疑问倒装疑问句需部分倒装语序，由于经常用到不会成为考试的难点。如：What part did he play in Hamlet? Do you prefer tea or coffee? 例题：(1) Of the millions who saw Haley's comet in 1986, how many people----long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century.(A) will they live(B) they will be living(C) will live(D) living 答案：C 解释：此句是how many 引导的疑问句, 缺少倒装的谓语部分, 但因主语people已出现在句首疑问词之后, 不需要再进行主谓倒装. A B 中的they是people的重复, 没有必要; D 不能单独作谓语
英语的基本句型是主语 + 谓语。如果将主语与谓语调换, 称倒装句。
装句分全倒装句和半倒装句。
一、 全倒装: 主语与谓语交换位置不需任何助动词, 叫全倒装。全倒装有以下三种情况:
1、当here, there, out, in, up, down等副词放在句首时, 句子需全倒装:
There goes the bell! 铃响了！ There lived an old man. Here comes the bus.注意: ①在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词, 像go, come, mush等。 ②主语如果是代词时不需倒装如Away he went. 他走远了。
2、方位状语在句首, 如:
In front of the house stopped a police car.
Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.
Under the tree sat a boy.
3 、直接引语在句首, 这种情况可倒装也可不倒装
"What does it mean?" asked the boy或the boy asked.
二、半倒装: 主语与谓语的助动词交换位置称半倒装, 有以下数种情况:
1,否定意义的词在句首, 句子半倒装, 例如: little, never, not, no, hardly, rarely,seldom
Never shall I forget you. At no time was the man aware of what was happening.
Little did I understand what he said to me at that time.
2、 几对并列连词如not only…but also, hardly… when等连接两个并列句, 连词在句首, 前句半倒装, 后句不倒装:
Not only was everything he had taker away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away.
No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.
注意: ①not only…but also连接两个并列主语时不需倒装,如:Not only you but also I like playing chess.
②neither…nor在句首时, 前后两句都需倒装,Neither do I have a sister nor does my husband.
3、only在句首强调状语, 主句半倒装:
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.Only in this way can I learn from my fault.
Only when the war was over in 1918, was he able to get back to work.
注意: only强调主语不倒装:Only the teachers can use the room.
4、so…that句型, so在句首时, 主句倒装, that从句不倒装:
So easy is it that a clild can learn it.So hard did he work that he finally won the fame.
I saw the film, so did he.
5.省略了if的虚拟条件句
Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something.Were she here, she would support the motion.
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绛旓細鑻辫鐨勫熀鏈彞鍨嬫槸涓昏 + 璋撹銆傚鏋滃皢涓昏涓庤皳璇皟鎹,绉板掕鍙ャ傝鍙ュ垎鍏ㄥ掕鍙ュ拰鍗婂掕鍙銆備竴銆佸叏鍊掕:涓昏涓庤皳璇氦鎹綅缃笉闇浠讳綍鍔╁姩璇,鍙叏鍊掕銆傚叏鍊掕鏈変互涓嬩笁绉嶆儏鍐:1銆佸綋here,there,out,in,up,down绛夊壇璇嶆斁鍦ㄥ彞棣栨椂,鍙ュ瓙闇鍏ㄥ掕:There goes the bell!閾冨搷浜嗭紒There lived an old man....
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绛旓細姝ｅ父璇簭锛氫富璇紜be锛媠o锛媋dj.锛 鍙ュ瓙 鍊掕璇簭锛歋o锛媋dj.锛媌e锛 涓昏锛媡hat锛嬪彞瀛 涓句緥 a. She was injured so badly that he had to be sent to the hospital.So badly was she injured that she had to be sent to the hospital.b. The novel was so boring that he gave up reading...
绛旓細鑻辫鍙ュ瓙涓鑸槸涓昏鍦ㄥ墠,璋撹鍦ㄥ悗,杩欑璇簭绉颁负鑷劧璇簭.鐒惰,鏈夋椂鏍规嵁璇硶鎴栦慨杈炵殑闇瑕,鎶婃暣涓皳璇姩璇嶆垨璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎锛堝姪鍔ㄨ瘝锛忔儏鎬佸姩璇嶏級鏀惧湪涓昏涔嬪墠,杩欑璇簭鍙仛鍊掕璇簭.鎶婃暣涓皳璇姩璇嶆斁鍦ㄤ富璇箣鍓嶇О涓哄叏閮ㄥ掕锛涙妸璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎锛堝姪鍔ㄨ瘝锛忔儏鎬佸姩璇嶏級鏀惧湪涓昏涔嬪墠绉颁负閮ㄥ垎鍊掕.鍊掕璇簭甯歌浜...
绛旓細鑻辫鍙ュ瓙涓瓨鍦ㄤ袱绉嶈搴忥細涓绉嶆槸姝ｅ父璇簭锛屼竴绉嶆槸鍊掕璇簭銆傚掕璇簭鍒嗕袱绉嶆儏鍐碉細璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鍏ㄩ儴缃簬涓昏鍓嶉潰鐨勫彨瀹屽叏鍊掕銆傝皳璇姩璇嶅彧鏈変竴閮ㄥ垎锛堝鍔╁姩璇嶃佹儏鎬佸姩璇嶆垨be 鍔ㄨ瘝锛夌疆浜庝富璇墠闈㈢殑鍙儴鍒嗗掕銆傚畬鍏ㄥ掕 鑰冪偣涓鈻宠〃绀烘柟浣嶇殑鍓瘝锛坔ere, there, down, in, up, off, out, ahead銆乤way锛夋垨浠嬭瘝...
绛旓細鑻辫鍙ュ瓙琛ㄨ揪鐨勫熀鏈璇簭鏄滀富璇+璋撹鈥濄備絾鍦ㄥ疄闄呭簲鐢ㄤ腑锛屽洜璇硶缁撴瀯鐨勯渶瑕侊紝鎴栨槸涓轰簡寮鸿皟锛屽父鎶婅皳璇Щ鍒颁富璇箣鍓嶏紝绉颁负鍊掕銆鑻辫鐨勫掕缁撴瀯鏈変袱绉嶏紝鍏朵腑杈冧负甯歌鐨勬槸閮ㄥ垎鍊掕锛屽嵆璋撹鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎绉诲埌涓昏涔嬪墠銆傚锛歄nly when the war was over could he begin to work again锛庡彧鏈夊湪鎴樹簤缁撴潫鍚庝粬鎵嶈兘...
绛旓細浜屻侀儴鍒鍊掕 閮ㄥ垎鍊掕鏄寚鎶婅皳璇殑涓閮ㄥ垎,鍗冲姪鍔ㄨ瘝銆佹儏鎬佸姩璇嶇疆浜庝富璇箣鍓,涔熷氨鏄鎶婂彞瀛愬彉鎴愪竴鑸枒闂彞璇簭.1.濡傛灉鍙ュ瓙寮澶存槸涓浜涘惈鏈夊惁瀹氭剰涔夌殑璇嶆垨鐭,濡俷ever, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, little, not, at no time, in vain, no sooner...than, on no account, in no case, ...
