跪求法律英语的高手帮忙翻译一段文摘
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New varieties of plants is after artificial cultivation or to find wild plants, novelty, specificity is developed, consistency and stability and a proper naming varieties of plants. For the legal protection of new varieties of plants, international convention and mode of national differences exist, there is only grant of new varieties of plants varieties, awarding patents, plant variety and plant variety protection patent right double three modes. Based on the current situation and the protection of new varieties of plants in the community plant variety protection mode analysis for the future of plant variety protection legislation can adopt the mode and related measures put forward their own views.
The main paper is divided into four parts.
The first part is the new varieties of plants and the basic theory of new plant varieties, mainly introduced plants, plant variety and new varieties of plants, analyses the concept and characteristic of plant variety protection, and points out the significance of new varieties of plants to protect existing problems and difficulties.
The second part of the legal protection of new varieties of plants in China and the problems in China is reviewed, mainly introduced new varieties of plants to protect the social background and the implementation of the new plant species protection system. Although the legal protection of new varieties of plants in China is expanding the scope of protection, and applications, industrial marketization trend rise sharply, but still exist in the protection of the law is not comprehensive legal system, content low levels, protection, new catalogue application field development, innovation ability is insufficient, varieties of people of high cost rights.
The third part of the international community plant variety protection mode of the comparison and analysis, reviews the development of international protection of new varieties of plants, for\u300anew plant species protection convention\u300b(upovc convention)Compares the two texts.Introduce and analyze the Japan, Europe and America on protection of new plant varieties of legal protection, the main characteristics of mode in future perfect legislation has strong new varieties of plants.
The fourth part of new plant varieties of perfecting the legal protection legislation mode and related measures put forward countermeasures. Based on our country and the world community plant variety protection law of the development of research and analysis, the conclusion: the proposal as soon as possible\u300anew plant species protection convention\u300b(upovc convention)91 text. Expanding the scope of protection, enhance of varieties of right protection, To protect the biological technology, especially the international trend of new varieties of plants more genetically, should be appropriate for the occasion of new varieties of plants in the patent protection system, improve the protection of new varieties,Even consider implement American "double choice" mode, Promotion of plant variety protection laws levels, As soon as possible formulate\u300anew plant species protection convention\u300b. At the same time, puts forward new plant species protection publicity and education, science and technology innovation, supporting system construction, etc, the relevant measures to promote new plant species protection work to provide reliable guarantee.
Non-legal lawsuit is one of the three causes of action stipulated by the WTO mechanism of dispute settlement, whose importance has been increasingly obvious. However, its application has been full of the various defects, such as ambiguity and limitedness. And due to these downsides, there has been disagreements about its application. It is highly likely to bring about negative effects on the mechanism of dispute settlement and even the WTO system. This paper will offer a brief introduction about the history and establishment of non-legal lawsuits. And finally, the advantages and the disadvantages of non-legal suits will be discussed and analyzed and meanwhile remedies are proposed. In this way, the system of non-legal lawsuit can play a more important role in the mechanism of international disputes settlement.
Key words: non-legal lawsuit discussion and analysis of systems
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The victim is in the criminal prosecution important main body and isthe crime consequence directly accepting, the victim has one kind ofintense revenge desire performance for "tits for fat" to the crimeperson the homomorphism revenge, the traditional criminal relief thenis the establishment above this foundation. However, the victim thiskind of non- rational homomorphism retaliation desire obtainssatisfied at the same time it the psychological balance which destroysactually more and more not to can obtain satisfies. Accurate saying isvictim's psychological desire is unable through the criminalprosecution to obtain satisfies, then also is what reason has causedthis kind of phenomenon? How meets victim's psychological need? Inorder to explain these questions, realizes has the necessity tovictim's effective relief conducts the research to victim'spsychological demand as well as the psychological change.
绛旓細涓涓壒璁哥殑鍏崇郴鐨勪汉涓嶉渶瑕佹樉闇插彂鐢熷湪浠栦滑涔嬮棿鐨勪换浣曢氫俊銆 娉曞緥鍦ㄤ繚瀛樺畨缃竴涓緢澶х殑浠峰奸偅浜涘叧绯荤殑绁炲湥姣斿湪闇瑕佸彂鐜扮湡鐩告牴鎹墍鏈夊彲鑳界殑璇佹嵁銆 灏忛亾娑堟伅琚畾涔変綔涓鸿鎻愪緵鐨勪竴涓硶搴澹版槑璇佹槑闄堣堪鐨勯棶棰樼殑浜嬪疄鎴栫湡鐩搞 瀹氫箟灏忛亾娑堟伅鐨勮鍒欓潪闅炬湁渚嬪銆侷n general, the prohibition against the use of hears...
绛旓細閲忓垜鑷敱瑁侀噺鏉:The freedom of measurement of penalty cuts quantity right 閲忓垜鑷敱瑁侀噺鑼冨洿:The freedom of measurement of penalty cuts quantity scope 鑷敱瑁侀噺鐨勮浣:Cuting freely quantity exercise 閲忓垜鏄垜娉曠悊璁虹殑缂╁奖锛岄噺鍒戣嚜鐢辫閲忔潈鏄垜娉曞湪瀹炶返涓殑鍏蜂綋搴旂敤锛岀敱浜庢垜鍥界殑鈥滅姜鍒戞硶瀹氣濆師鍒欎娇鎴...
绛旓細1. on account of 鍙互缈昏瘧鎴愬洜涓猴紝鍦ㄦ Secured Indebtedness 搴旂湅鎴愭槸涓涓笓鏈夊悕璇嶏紝缈昏瘧鎴愬凡缁忚鎷呬繚鐨勫哄姟锛岃繖鏍峰氨瀹规槗鐞嗚В浜嗐傜涓鍙ヤ腑Secured Indebtedness 鍜 any settlement of accounts 鏄苟鍒楀叧绯汇2. purpose 鍜 effect 涔熸槸骞跺垪鍏崇郴锛屾牴鎹笂涓嬫枃鍙炕璇戜负鍥犱负鐩镐技鐨勫師鍥犳垨浜х敓鐩镐技鐨勭粨鏋溿傝繖閲岃竟...
绛旓細Terminal includes any place, whether covered or not, such as a quay, warehouse, container yard or road, rail or air cargo terminal."缁堢偣绔欌濆寘鎷换浣曞湴鐐癸紝鏄惁鏈変笂鐩栵紝濡傜爜澶淬佷粨搴撱侀泦瑁呯鍦虹珯鎴 鍏矾銆侀搧璺紝鎴栬埅绌鸿揣杩愮珯銆俆he Seller bears all risks involved in bringing the goods ...
绛旓細1, 鈥滀唬浣嶆眰鍋库漚nd鈥滄竻鍋夸唬浣嶁漜an be translated into English as 鈥渟ubrogation鈥 ,originated from Latin 鈥渟ubrogare鈥, which originally means鈥滀娇涓浜哄浜庡彟涓浜虹殑浣嶇疆涓娾(to put one person in the place of another). It illustrates that the two words has the same origination.2, ...
绛旓細Victims of such irrational desire to retaliate with state met at the same time they are destroyed psychological balance has increasingly unmet . The exact victims is the psychological desire can not be met through criminal proceedings, So, what are the reasons causing this phenomenon? H...
绛旓細Italy also obtains the development, becomes in the world one kind of important lawsuit system.Regarding explains the transaction system, our country educational world existence loudly disputed that, mainly has definitely said, the denial said, goes slowly says three major points.But from ...
绛旓細锛2锛夊鏋滀笂璇夋硶搴涓烘秹鍙婄殑娉曞緥闂瀵瑰叕浼楁槸閲嶈鐨勶紝鍙牴鎹紙1锛夊皬鑺傜粰浜堟壒鍑嗕笂璇夈(3) An application for leave to appeal under this section shall be-- (a) in the form specified by the Registrar of the Supreme Court, setting out the question of law; and (b) lodged with the ...
绛旓細The second is incorrect as to some systems and, as to others overlooks overlooks the fact that lay judges who participate on mixed courts with professional judges are a functional analog to the jury 绗簩椤规槸涓嶆纭殑瀵逛簬涓浜涚郴缁燂紝鍜屽叾浠栦汉蹇借蹇界暐浜嗕竴涓簨瀹炰笌涓撲笟娉曞畼瀵规贩鍚堟硶闄㈠弬涓庣殑闈...
绛旓細criminal law of causality does not necessarily lead to criminal commitment, as to whether we allow of criminal responsibility must also be combined with the subjective aspects of human behavior, subjects factor, according to criminal charges related to the case constitutes a qualitative....
