最简单的化学公式 化学最基本的公式有哪些？
\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f1.\u76d0\u9178 =\u6c27\u5316\u94c1
6HCl + Fe2O3 = 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
2.\u786b\u9178+\u6c27\u5316\u94c1
3H2SO4 + Fe2O3 = Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
3.\u76d0\u9178+\u6c27\u5316\u94dc
2HCl + CuO = CuCl2 + H2O
4.\u786b\u9178+\u6c27\u5316\u94dc
H2SO4 + CuO = CuSO4 + H2O
5.\u9541+\u76d0\u9178
Mg + 2HCl = MgCl2 + H2\u2191
6.\u94dd+\u786b\u9178
2Al + 3H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 + H2\u2191
7.\u94c1+\u786b\u9178
2Fe + 3H2SO4 = Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2\u2191
8.\u76d0\u9178+\u785d\u9178\u6839
AgNO3 + HCl = AgCl\u2193 + HNO3
10.\u786b\u9178\u94dc+\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0
CuSO4 + 2NaOH = Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2\u2193
11.\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0+\u6c2f\u5316\u94c1
FeCl3 + 3NaOH = Fe(OH)3\u2193 + 3NaCl
12.\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0+\u6c2f\u5316\u9541
MgCl2 + 2NaOH = Mg(OH)2\u2193 + 2NaCl
13.\u9541\u8ddf\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94
Mg + 2HCl = MgCl2 + H2\u2191
14.\u9541\u8ddf\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94
Mg + H2SO4 = MgSO4 + H2\u2191
15.\u94c1\u8ddf\u76d0\u9178\u53cd\u5e94
2Fe + 6HCl = 2FeCl3 + 3H2\u2191
16\u3002\u94c1\u8ddf\u786b\u9178\u53cd\u5e94
2Fe + 3H2SO4 = Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2\u2191
17.\u94dd\u8ddf\u76d0\u9178\uff08\u786b\u9178\uff09
2Al + 6HCl = 2AlCl3 + 3H2\u2191
2Al + 3H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 + H2\u2191
\u5e38\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f
1\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cfn\u4e0e\u5fae\u7c92\u4e2a\u6570N\u3001\u8d28\u91cfm\u3001\u6c14\u4f53\u4f53\u79efV\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6C\u3001\u53cd\u5e94\u70ed∆H\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a
n = N/NA = m/M = V/Vm = CV = ∆H/∆H1 (∆H1\u662f\u63071mol\u7269\u8d28\u653e\u51fa\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\uff09
2\u3001\u514b\u62c9\u73c0\u73d1\u65b9\u7a0b\u53c8\u79f0\u7406\u60f3\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a
PV = nRT
3\u3001\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6S\u4e0e\u6eb6\u8d28\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\u03c9\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a
\u03c9 = S/(100+S) * 100%
4\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6C\u4e0e\u6eb6\u8d28\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\u03c9\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a
C= 1000*d*\u03c9/M
5\u3001\u6709\u5173\u6c14\u4f53\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a
M = m/M = \u03c1Vm = DM2 = m0NA= M1\u03c91 + M2\u03c92 + M3\u03c93 ....
( D\u6307\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bc6\u5ea6; m0\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff1b\u03c9\u6307n% V%)
6\u3001\u6eb6\u6db2\u7a00\u91ca\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a
m1\u03c91 = m2\u03c92 C1V1 = C2V2
7\u3001\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff1a
\u03c1 = m / V D = \u03c11/\u03c12 = (M1/M2)
8\u3001 \u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\uff1a
\u03bd = ∆C / ∆t = ∆n /(V.∆t)
9\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u5e73\u8861\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a
\u53ef\u9006\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a a A + b B c C + d D
\u8d77\u59cb\u91cf\uff08mol\uff09 a b c d
\u53d8\u5316\u91cf\uff08mol\uff09 mx nx px qx
\u5e73\u8861\u91cf\uff08mol\uff09 a-mx b-nx c+px d+qx
10\u3001\u6c34\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u79ef\uff1a
Kw = C(H+)•C(OH-) =(\u5e38\u6e29250C\u65f6\uff0910-14
\u6ce8\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u6c34\u7535\u79bb\u51fa\u7684H+\u548cOH-\u90fd\u76f8\u7b49\u3002
11\u3001\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684PH:
C(H+)=10-pH \u5e38\u6e29\u4e0b PH + POH = 14
12\u3001\u6eb6\u5ea6\u79efKsp \uff1a
\u4ee5MmAn(s) mMn+(aq) + nAm\uff0d(aq)\u4e3a\u4f8b
Ksp\uff1d[c(Mn+)]m•[c(Am\uff0d)] n
\u5982AgCl(s) Ag+(aq) + Cl\uff0d(aq)\uff0cKsp\uff1dc(Ag+)•c(Cl\uff0d)\u3002
13\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u5e73\u8861\u5e38\u6570
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u53cd\u5e94mA(g) + nB(g) pC( g)+qD \uff08g\uff09
K = {[C(C)]p [C(D)]q }/{[C(A)]m [C(B)]n }
\u795d\u4f60\u5b66\u4e60\u8fdb\u6b65\uff01
6HCl + Fe2O3 = 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
2.硫酸+氧化铁
3H2SO4 + Fe2O3 = Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
3.盐酸+氧化铜
2HCl + CuO = CuCl2 + H2O
4.硫酸+氧化铜
H2SO4 + CuO = CuSO4 + H2O
5.镁+盐酸
Mg + 2HCl = MgCl2 + H2↑
6.铝+硫酸
2Al + 3H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 + H2↑
7.铁+硫酸
2Fe + 3H2SO4 = Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2↑
8.盐酸+硝酸根
AgNO3 + HCl = AgCl↓ + HNO3
10.硫酸铜+氢氧化钠
CuSO4 + 2NaOH = Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2↓
11.氢氧化钠+氯化铁
FeCl3 + 3NaOH = Fe(OH)3↓ + 3NaCl
12.氢氧化钠+氯化镁
MgCl2 + 2NaOH = Mg(OH)2↓ + 2NaCl
13.镁跟盐酸反应
Mg + 2HCl = MgCl2 + H2↑
14.镁跟硫酸反应
Mg + H2SO4 = MgSO4 + H2↑
15.铁跟盐酸反应
2Fe + 6HCl = 2FeCl3 + 3H2↑
16。铁跟硫酸反应
2Fe + 3H2SO4 = Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2↑
17.铝跟盐酸（硫酸）
2Al + 6HCl = 2AlCl3 + 3H2↑
2Al + 3H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 + H2↑
绛旓細1.鐩愰吀 =姘у寲閾 6HCl + Fe2O3 = 2FeCl3 + 3H2O 2.纭吀+姘у寲閾 3H2SO4 + Fe2O3 = Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O 3.鐩愰吀+姘у寲閾 2HCl + CuO = CuCl2 + H2O 4.纭吀+姘у寲閾 H2SO4 + CuO = CuSO4 + H2O 5.闀+鐩愰吀 Mg + 2HCl = MgCl2 + H2鈫 6.閾+纭吀 2Al + 3H2SO4 = Al2(...
绛旓細甯哥敤鍖栧璁＄畻鍏紡 1銆佺墿璐ㄧ殑閲弉涓庡井绮掍釜鏁癗銆佽川閲弇銆佹皵浣撲綋绉疺銆佺墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴銆佸弽搴旂儹∆H鐨勫叧绯伙細n = N/NA = m/M = V/Vm = CV = ∆H/∆H1 (∆H1鏄寚1mol鐗╄川鏀惧嚭鐨勭儹閲忥級2銆佸厠鎷夌弨鐝戞柟绋嬪張绉扮悊鎯虫皵浣撶殑鐘舵佹柟绋嬶細PV = nRT 3銆佹憾瑙ｅ害S涓庢憾璐ㄨ川閲忓垎鏁跋...
绛旓細涓. 甯哥敤璁＄畻鍏紡锛氾紙1锛鐩稿鍘熷瓙璐ㄩ噺= 鏌愬厓绱犱竴涓師瀛愮殑璐ㄩ噺 / 涓涓⒊鍘熷瓙璐ㄩ噺鐨1/12 锛2锛夎鏌愬寲鍚堢墿鍖栧寮忎负AmBn 鈶犲畠鐨勭浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忥紳A鐨勭浉瀵瑰師瀛愯川閲徝梞锛婤鐨勭浉瀵瑰師瀛愯川閲徝梟 鈶鍏冪礌涓嶣鍏冪礌鐨勮川閲忔瘮锛滱鐨勭浉瀵瑰師瀛愯川閲徝梞锛欱鐨勭浉瀵瑰師瀛愯川閲徝梟 鈶鍏冪礌鐨勮川閲忓垎鏁跋=A鐨勭浉瀵瑰師瀛愯川閲徝梞...
绛旓細甯哥敤鍖栧璁＄畻鍏紡 1銆佺墿璐ㄧ殑閲弉涓庡井绮掍釜鏁癗銆佽川閲弇銆佹皵浣撲綋绉疺銆佺墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴銆佸弽搴旂儹∆H鐨勫叧绯伙細n = N/NA = m/M = V/Vm = CV = ∆H/∆H1 (∆H1鏄寚1mol鐗╄川鏀惧嚭鐨勭儹閲忥級2銆佸厠鎷夌弨鐝戞柟绋嬪張绉扮悊鎯虫皵浣撶殑鐘舵佹柟绋嬶細PV = nRT 3銆佹憾瑙ｅ害S涓庢憾璐ㄨ川閲忓垎鏁跋...
绛旓細鍖栧寮忚绠楀叕寮廙=m/n銆乶=N/NA銆亀%=锛坢/M锛墄100%锛屽叿浣撳唴瀹瑰涓嬶細1銆佹懇灏旇川閲忥紙M锛夛細M=m/n锛岃繖涓叕寮忕敤浜庤绠楃墿璐ㄧ殑鎽╁皵璐ㄩ噺銆傚叾涓紝m鏄墿璐ㄧ殑璐ㄩ噺锛宯鏄墿璐ㄧ殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺銆傛懇灏旇川閲忔槸涓涓父鏁帮紝瀵逛簬涓嶅悓鐨勭墿璐ㄦ潵璇存槸涓嶇浉鍚岀殑銆傞氳繃杩欎釜鍏紡锛屾垜浠彲浠ュ揩閫熷湴璁＄畻鍑虹墿璐ㄧ殑鎽╁皵璐ㄩ噺銆2銆佺墿璐ㄧ殑閲...
绛旓細鐗╄川鐨勯噺娴撳害璁＄畻鍏紡锛堟懇灏斿畾寰嬶級鏄竴涓敤鏉ヨ绠楃墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴鐨勫叕寮銆傚叕寮忓唴瀹逛负锛氭憾璐ㄧ殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺绛変簬婧惰川鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴︿箻婧舵恫鐨勪綋绉痭=c:V銆鍖栧鐨勭畝浠嬶細鍖栧鏄嚜鐒剁瀛︾殑涓绉嶏紝鍦ㄥ垎瀛愩佸師瀛愬眰娆′笂鐮旂┒鐗╄川鐨勭粍鎴愩佹ц川銆佺粨鏋勪笌鍙樺寲瑙勫緥;鍒涢犳柊鐗╄川鐨勭瀛︺備笘鐣岀敱鐗╄川缁勬垚锛屽寲瀛﹀垯鏄汉绫荤敤浠ヨ璇嗗拰鏀归...
绛旓細甯哥敤璁＄畻鍏紡锛 1鐩稿鍘熷瓙璐ㄩ噺= 鏌愬厓绱犱竴涓師瀛愮殑璐ㄩ噺 / 涓涓⒊鍘熷瓙璐ㄩ噺鐨1/12 2璁炬煇鍖栧悎鐗╁寲瀛﹀紡涓篈mBn 鈶犲畠鐨勭浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忥紳A鐩稿鍘熷瓙璐ㄩ噺脳m锛婤鐨勭浉瀵瑰師瀛愯川閲徝梟 鈶鍏冪礌涓嶣鍏冪礌鐨勮川閲忔瘮锛滱鐨勭浉瀵瑰師瀛愯川閲徝梞锛欱鐨勭浉瀵瑰師瀛愯川閲徝梟 鈶鍏冪礌鐨勮川閲忓垎銆
绛旓細鍒濅腑鍖栧鍏紡澶у叏 涓锛 鐗╄川涓庢哀姘旂殑鍙嶅簲锛氾紙1锛夊崟璐ㄤ笌姘ф皵鐨勫弽搴旓細1. 闀佸湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細2Mg + O2 鐐圭噧 2MgO 2. 閾佸湪姘ф皵涓噧鐑э細3Fe + 2O2 鐐圭噧 Fe3O4 3. 閾滃湪绌烘皵涓彈鐑細2Cu + O2 鍔犵儹 2CuO 4. 閾濆湪绌烘皵涓噧鐑э細4Al + 3O2 鐐圭噧 2Al2O3 5. 姘㈡皵涓┖姘斾腑鐕冪儳锛2H2 + O2 ...
绛旓細鍖栧璁＄畻鍏紡鏄傜墿璐ㄧ殑閲弉涓庡井绮掍釜鏁癗銆佽川閲弇銆佹皵浣撲綋绉疺銆佺墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴銆佸弽搴旂儹H鐨勫叧绯籲=N/NA=m/M=V/Vm=CV=H/H1H1鏄寚1mol鐗╄川鏀惧嚭鐨勭儹閲忋傛按鐨勭瀛愮НKw=C(H+)"C(OH-)=(甯告俯250C鏃讹級10-14锛屾憾娑茬殑PHC(H+)=10-pH甯告俯涓婸H+POH=14銆傛湁鍏虫皵浣撴懇灏旇川閲忕殑璁＄畻M=m/M=蟻Vm=DM2=...
绛旓細涓夌閰搁晛鏅朵綋鐨勬哀鍖栫墿褰㈠紡:2MgO路3SiO2路nH2O 涓庤儍閰镐腑鍜鐨勫寲瀛鏂圭▼寮:Mg2Si3O8路nH2O+4HCl=2MgCl2+3SiO2+(n+2)H2O 楂樹竴鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忎竴銆 纰遍噾灞:1. 鏂板垏鐨勯挔鏈夐摱鐧借壊鍏夋辰,浣嗗緢蹇彂鏆;鏂圭▼寮:4Na+O2=2Na2O;璇ヤ骇鐗╀笉绋冲畾銆傞挔鍦ㄧ┖姘斾腑鐕冪儳鏃,鍙戝嚭榛勮壊鐨勭伀鐒;鍚屾椂鐢熸垚娣￠粍鑹茬殑鍥轰綋,鏂圭▼寮:2Na+O2鐐圭噧==...
