配制0.10mol?L-1的含有2.0g溶质氢氧化钠的溶液,可能用到下列仪器①托盘天平②500mL烧杯③50mL烧杯④50mL
\u914d\u52360.10mol?L -1 \u7684\u542b\u67092.0g\u6eb6\u8d28\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u5230\u4e0b\u5217\u4eea\u5668\u2460\u6258\u76d8\u5929\u5e73\u2461500mL\u70e7\u676f\u246250mL\u70e7\u676f\u2463500.10mol?L -1 \u7684\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u542b\u67092.0g\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u4e3a 2.0g 40g/mol \u00f70.10mol/L=0.5L=500mL\u6240\u4ee5\u5bb9\u91cf\u74f6\u7684\u89c4\u683c\u5e94\u9009\u62e9500ml\uff0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\u6709\u79f0\u91cf\u3001\u6eb6\u89e3\u3001\u79fb\u6db2\u3001\u6d17\u6da4\u3001\u5b9a\u5bb9\u3001\u6447\u5300\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6258\u76d8\u5929\u5e73\u79f0\u91cf\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u5c0f\u70e7\u676f\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u836f\u5319\u53d6\u836f\u54c1\uff0c\u5728\u70e7\u676f\uff08\u70e7\u676f50mL\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u8fc7\u5927\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\uff09\u4e2d\u6eb6\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u73bb\u7483\u68d2\u6405\u62cc\uff0c\u51b7\u5374\u540e\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230500ml\u5bb9\u91cf\u74f6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u73bb\u7483\u68d2\u5f15\u6d41\uff0c\u5f53\u52a0\u6c34\u81f3\u6db2\u9762\u8ddd\u79bb\u523b\u5ea6\u7ebf1\uff5e2cm\u65f6\uff0c\u6539\u7528\u80f6\u5934\u6ef4\u7ba1\u6ef4\u52a0\u81f3\u6eb6\u6db2\u51f9\u9762\u4e0e\u523b\u5ea6\u7ebf\u6c34\u5e73\u76f8\u5207\uff0c\u76d6\u597d\u74f6\u585e\uff0c\u6447\u5300\uff0e\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u4e3a\u6258\u76d8\u5929\u5e73\u3001\u836f\u5319\u3001500mL\u5bb9\u91cf\u74f6\u300150ml\u70e7\u676f\u3001\u73bb\u7483\u68d2\u3001\u80f6\u5934\u6ef4\u7ba1\uff0e\u6545\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u662f\u2460\u2462\u2464\u2465\u2466\uff0e\u6545\u9009\uff1aB\uff0e
\uff081\uff09\u9700\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3am=0.5L\u00d70.1mol?L-1\u00d740g/mol=2.0g\uff0e\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6709\u8150\u8680\u6027\u6613\u6f6e\u89e3\u5e94\u653e\u5728\u5c0f\u70e7\u676f\u5185\u8fc5\u901f\u79f0\u91cf\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6f6e\u89e3\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a2.0\uff1b\u5c0f\u70e7\u676f\uff1b\u6f6e\u89e3\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u6258\u76d8\u5929\u5e73\u7528\u6765\u79f0\u91cf\u56fa\u4f53\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7528500ml\u5bb9\u91cf\u74f6\u6765\u914d\u52360.10mol?L-1\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u7528\u70e7\u676f\u6765\u6eb6\u89e3\u56fa\u6001\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\uff0c\u7528\u73bb\u7483\u676f\u6405\u62cc\u3001\u5f15\u6d41\uff0c\u7528\u80f6\u5934\u6ef4\u7ba1\u5b9a\u5bb9\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a500ml\u5bb9\u91cf\u74f6\uff1b\u70e7\u676f\uff1b\u80f6\u5934\u6ef4\u7ba1\uff1b\u73bb\u7483\u68d2\uff1b\uff083\uff09A\u3001\u5b9a\u5bb9\u65f6\u4ef0\u89c6\u523b\u5ea6\u7ebf\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u84b8\u998f\u6c34\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4f53\u79ef\u504f\u5927\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6eb6\u6db2\u6d53\u5ea6\u504f\u4f4e\uff1bB\uff0e\u6eb6\u6db2\u5177\u6709\u70ed\u80c0\u51b7\u7f29\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u89e3\u653e\u70ed\uff0c\u672a\u51b7\u5374\u5230\u5ba4\u6e29\uff0c\u8d81\u70ed\u5c06\u6eb6\u6db2\u5230\u5165\u5bb9\u91cf\u74f6\uff0c\u5e76\u914d\u6210\u4e86\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4f53\u79ef\u504f\u5c0f\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u6d53\u5ea6\u504f\u9ad8\uff1bC\uff0e\u6447\u5300\u540e\u6db2\u9762\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6eb6\u6db2\u7559\u5728\u74f6\u585e\u4e0e\u74f6\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u84b8\u998f\u6c34\u81f3\u523b\u5ea6\u7ebf\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4f53\u79ef\u504f\u5927\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6eb6\u6db2\u6d53\u5ea6\u504f\u4f4e\uff0eD\uff0e\u6700\u540e\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u5bb9\uff0c\u5bb9\u91cf\u74f6\u4e0d\u5e72\u71e5\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u5c11\u91cf\u84b8\u998f\u6c34\uff0c\u5bf9\u6eb6\u6db2\u6d53\u5ea6\u65e0\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aD\uff0e
0.10mol?L-1的氢氧化钠的溶液含有2.0g氢氧化钠,所以溶液的体积为
2.0g |
40g/mol |
所以容量瓶的规格应选择500ml.
操作步骤有称量、溶解、移液、洗涤、定容、摇匀等操作,一般用托盘天平称量(使用小烧杯),用药匙取药品,在烧杯(烧杯50mL即可,过大使用不方便)中溶解,并用玻璃棒搅拌,冷却后转移到500ml容量瓶中,并用玻璃棒引流,当加水至液面距离刻度线1~2cm时,改用胶头滴管滴加至溶液凹面与刻度线水平相切,盖好瓶塞,摇匀.
所以需要的仪器为托盘天平、药匙、500mL容量瓶、50ml烧杯、玻璃棒、胶头滴管.
故必不可少的仪器是①③⑤⑥⑦.
故选:B.
绛旓細0.10mol?L-1鐨勬阿姘у寲閽犵殑婧舵恫鍚湁2.0g姘㈡哀鍖栭挔锛屾墍浠ユ憾娑茬殑浣撶Н涓2.0g40g/mol梅0.10mol/L=0.5L=500mL鎵浠ュ閲忕摱鐨勮鏍煎簲閫夋嫨500ml锛庢搷浣滄楠ゆ湁绉伴噺銆佹憾瑙c佺Щ娑层佹礂娑ゃ佸畾瀹广佹憞鍖绛夋搷浣滐紝涓鑸敤鎵樼洏澶╁钩绉伴噺锛堜娇鐢ㄥ皬鐑ф澂锛夛紝鐢ㄨ嵂鍖欏彇鑽搧锛屽湪鐑ф澂锛堢儳鏉50mL鍗冲彲锛岃繃澶т娇鐢ㄤ笉鏂逛究锛変腑婧惰В锛屽苟...
绛旓細L-1鐨NaOH婧舵恫涓惈鏈夋阿姘у寲閽犵殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺涓猴細0.10mol/L脳0.5L=0.05mol锛岄渶瑕佹阿姘у寲閽犵殑璐ㄩ噺涓猴細40g/mol脳0.05mol=2.0g锛涚О閲忔阿姘у寲閽犳椂锛屽簲璇ュ湪鐑ф澂涓紝杩橀渶瑕佷娇鐢ㄨ嵂鍖欍佹墭鐩樺ぉ骞筹紝鎵浠ヤ娇鐢ㄧ殑浠櫒鏈夛細鎵樼洏澶╁钩銆佺儳鏉佽嵂鍖欙紱瀹氬鏃讹紝鏈鍚庨渶瑕佺敤鑳跺ご婊寸瀹氬锛岀洓鏀炬憾娑茬殑瀹归噺鐡朵负500mL锛屾晠绛旀涓...
绛旓細姘ㄥ熀涔欓吀鐨勭粨鏋勭畝寮忎负NH2CH2COOH锛岀浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忎负锛75 n(姘ㄥ熀涔欓吀)=0.1mol.L-1*0.1L=0.01mol m(姘ㄥ熀涔欓吀)=0.01*75=0.75g
绛旓細L-1鐨勭~閰搁摐婧舵恫锛閰嶅埗500mL 0.10mol?L-1鐨纭吀閾滄憾娑诧紝闇瑕佺~閰搁摐鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎负锛0.10mol?L-1脳0.5L=0.05mol锛岄渶瑕佺~閰搁摐鐨勮川閲忎负锛160g/mol脳0.05mol=8.0g锛岄渶瑕佽儐鐭剧殑璐ㄩ噺涓猴細250g/mol脳0.05mol=12.5g锛孉銆佸閲忕摱鐨勮鏍兼槸500mL锛屾晠A閿欒锛汢銆佸閲忕摱鐨勮鏍间负500mL锛屾晠B閿欒锛汣銆...
绛旓細37锛呯殑娴撶洂閰稿瘑搴︿负1.19g/ml,500ml鎵鍚函hcl鐨勮川閲忎负1.19 500 37 = 220.15g 锛屾崲绠楁垚鐗╄川鐨勯噺灏变负220.15 /36.5 = 6.0315mol 閰嶇疆濂界殑婧舵恫閲屾墍鍚殑绾痟cl鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔槸涓嶄細鍙樼殑锛屾墍浠閰嶅埗濂界殑绋鐩愰吀鐨勪綋绉氨涓6.0315/2=3.01575l.鎵鍔犲叆鐨勬按灏辨槸3.01575 - 0.5 = 2.51575l ...
绛旓細NaCl鐨勬懇灏旇川閲忔槸锛22.99+35.45=58.44g/mol 50ml0.10mol/l鐨NaCl婧舵恫涓惈鏈夊浐浣揘aCl鐨勯噺鏄細50脳0.10脳58.44/1000=5脳0.05844=0.2922g鈮0.29g 鏁咃紝绉板彇0.29鍏嬫隘鍖栭挔鍥轰綋锛屾憾浜庡皯閲忔按涓紝杞Щ鍒50ml瀹归噺鐡朵腑瀹氬锛屽嵆鍙緱鍒伴鐩腑瑕佹眰鐨勬憾娑层傛湁浠涔堥棶棰樿鐣欒█銆
绛旓細锛1锛閰嶅埗500mL 0.10mol?L -1 鐨NaCl婧舵恫锛屾墍浠ヨ繕闇瑕500ml瀹归噺鐡讹紱瀹為獙鎿嶄綔鐨勬楠わ細璁$畻銆佺О閲忋佹憾瑙c佺Щ娑层佹礂娑ょЩ娑层佸畾瀹广佹憞鍖绛夋搷浣滐紝璇ュ疄楠屼腑闇瑕佺敤澶╁钩绉伴噺銆佺敤鑽寵鍙栬嵂鍝侊紝鐑ф澂婧惰В鑽搧锛岄渶瑕佺幓鐠冩鎼呮媽鍜屽紩娴侊紝闇瑕500mL瀹归噺鐡堕厤鍒舵憾娑诧紝鏈鍚庨渶瑕佽兌澶存淮绠″畾瀹癸紝鏁呯瓟妗堜负锛500ml锛涚儳鏉佺幓鐠冩銆...
绛旓細0.1Vb 銆2銆戜緷鎹紦鍐叉憾娑茬殑鍏紡 锛歔H+]= Ka ([HAc]/[Ac-])= Ka (0.1Va/0.1Vb)= Ka[(1-Vb)/Vb]銆3銆戜唬鍏ュ凡鐭ユ暟鎹細1.0x10^ -5 /10^-4.75 = (1-Vb)/Vb,姹傚緱 Vb = 0.64 (L);Va= 0.36(L)銆4銆戠瓟妗堬細,闇瑕0.10mol.L-1鐨HAc360姣崌鍜0.10mo/LlNaAc 640姣崌...
绛旓細L-1=0.10mol?L-1脳500ml锛岃В寰梀=4.2ml锛屾墍浠ュ簲閫夋嫨5ml瑙勬牸鐨勯噺绛掞紱鑻ラ噺鍙栨椂鍙戠幇閲忕瓛涓嶅共鍑锛岀敤姘存礂鍑鍚庣洿鎺ラ噺鍙栵紝鐩稿綋浜庡皢娴撶洂閰哥█閲婏紝鎵閰嶆憾娑叉祿搴﹀皢鍋忎綆锛涙晠绛旀涓猴細4.2锛5锛涘亸浣庯紱锛2锛閰嶅埗0.10mol?L-1鐨绋鐩愰吀500mL锛屽簲閫夋嫨500ml鐨勫閲忕摱锛涢厤鍒舵楠や负锛氳绠椼侀噺鍙栥佺█閲娿佺Щ娑层佹礂娑ゃ...
绛旓細锛1锛夋牴鎹憾娑閰嶅埗鍘熺悊锛屾墍浠ュ浐浣撻厤鍒舵憾娑茬殑涓鑸楠や负璁$畻锛岀О閲忥紝婧惰В锛岀Щ娑诧紝娲楁钉绉绘恫锛屽畾瀹癸紝鎽囧寑锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細绉伴噺锛涙憾瑙o紱娲楁钉锛涘畾瀹癸紱锛2锛夐厤鍒500mL 0.10mol?L-1鐨NaCl婧舵恫锛屾墍浠ヨ繕闇瑕500ml瀹归噺鐡讹紝婧惰В闇瑕佺敤鐑ф澂銆佺幓鐠冩锛岀幓鐠冩鎼呮媽锛屽姞閫熸憾瑙o紱绉绘恫闇瑕佺幓鐠冩寮曟祦锛涙渶鍚庨渶鐢ㄨ兌澶存淮绠″畾瀹癸紝...