根据要求填空:(1)写出CH3CH2CH2COOH的键线式: 根据要求填空:(1)写出下列有机物的键线式:______ ...
\u6839\u636e\u8981\u6c42\u586b\u7a7a\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u5199\u51fa\u4e0b\u5217\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u952e\u7ebf\u5f0f\uff1a______ CH3CH2CH2COOH______\uff082\uff09\u5199\u51fa\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f__\uff081\uff09\u952e\u7ebf\u5f0f\u4ee5\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u5316\u5b66\u952e\uff0c\u7ebf\u7684\u4ea4\u70b9\u4e0e\u7aef\u70b9\u5904\u4ee3\u8868\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\uff0cC\u3001H\u539f\u5b50\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6807\u8bb0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u6570\u8865\u8db3\u56db\u4ef7\uff0c\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u4e2d\u7684C\u539f\u5b50\u5e94\u6807\u51fa\uff0c\u6742\u539f\u5b50\u53ca\u6742\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684H\u539f\u5b50\u9700\u6807\u51fa\uff0e\u6545\u952e\u7ebf\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1bCH3CH2CH2COOH\u952e\u7ebf\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff1b\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u5c5e\u4e8e\u70c3\uff0c\u7ebf\u7684\u4ea4\u70b9\u4e0e\u7aef\u70b9\u5904\u4ee3\u8868\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u6570\u8865\u8db3\u56db\u4ef7\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff08CH3\uff092CHCH\uff08CH3\uff09CH\uff08C2H5\uff09CH\uff08CH3\uff09CH2CH3\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff08CH3\uff092CHCH\uff08CH3\uff09CH\uff08C2H5\uff09CH\uff08CH3\uff09CH2CH3\uff1b\uff083\uff09A\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\uff0cA\u4e3a\u6781\u6027\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5373\u6b63\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u91cd\u5fc3\u4e0d\u91cd\u5408\uff0cNH3\u548cCl\u5728\u56db\u8fb9\u5f62\u76844\u4e2a\u89d2\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u662f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\uff0c\u6545A\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u6784\u578b\u4e3a\uff1bB\u5728CCl4\u4e2d\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\uff0cB\u4e3a\u975e\u6781\u6027\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5373\u6b63\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u91cd\u5fc3\u91cd\u5408\uff0cNH3\u548cCl\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u79f0\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u56db\u8fb9\u5f62\u76844\u4e2a\u89d2\u4e0a\uff0c\u6545B\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u6784\u578b\u4e3a\uff0c\u7b54\uff1aA\u7684\u6784\u578b\u4e3a\uff1bB\u7684\u6784\u578b\u4e3a\uff0e
\uff081\uff092-\u7532\u57fa1-\u4e01\u70ef\u7684\u952e\u7ebf\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1b\u4e01\u9178\u7684\u952e\u7ebf\u5f0f\u4e3a \uff0e\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff1b \uff0e\uff082\uff09\u8be5\u6709\u673a\u7269\u4e2d\u6700\u957f\u7684\u78b3\u94fe\u4e0a\u67097\u7684\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5e9a\u70f7\uff0c\u79bb\u7532\u57fa\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u4e3a1\u53f7\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u4e14\u8981\u4f7f\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7684\u5e8f\u6570\u4e4b\u548c\u6700\u5c0f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8be5\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u662f2\uff0c3\uff0c5-\u4e09\u7532\u57fa-4-\u4e59\u57fa\u5e9a\u70f7\uff0e\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a2\uff0c3\uff0c5-\u4e09\u7532\u57fa-4-\u4e59\u57fa\u5e9a\u70f7\uff0e\uff083\uff09\u7532\u57fa\u4e2d\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u5f62\u6210\u4e09\u4e2a\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\uff0c\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u8fd8\u5269\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u7535\u5b50\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5176\u7535\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1b\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u4e2d\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\uff0c\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u662f\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u8981\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u5199\u4e0a\u7535\u8377\u548c\u7535\u6027\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff0e\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1b\uff0e\uff084\uff09C7H16\u7684\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u201c\u624b\u6027\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u6709CH3CH2CH\uff08CH3\uff09CH2CH2CH3\u3001CH3CH\uff08CH3\uff09CH\uff08CH3\uff09CH2CH3\uff0c\u540d\u79f0\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\uff1a3-\u7532\u57fa\u5df1\u70f7\u30012\uff0c3-\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u620a\u70f7\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5171\u67092\u79cd\uff0e\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a2\u79cd\uff0e\uff085\uff09\u6839\u636e\u201c\u51e1\u94fe\u8282\u4e3b\u94fe\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u5e76\u5b58\u5728\u78b3\u78b3\u53cc\u952e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u9ad8\u805a\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u89c4\u5f8b\u662f\u201c\u89c1\u53cc\u952e\uff0c\u56db\u4e2a\u78b3\uff0c\u65e0\u53cc\u952e\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u78b3\u201d\u753b\u7ebf\u65ad\u5f00\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u534a\u952e\u95ed\u5408\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u5355\u4f53\u201d\u77e5\uff0c\u8be5\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u5355\u4f53\u662fCH2=CHCN\uff1b CH2=CH-CH=CH2\uff1b CH2=CH2\uff0e\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aCH2=CHCN\uff1b CH2=CH-CH=CH2\uff1b CH2=CH2\uff1b
(1)丁酸的键线式为 ,故答案为:;(2)该有机物中最长的碳链上有7的碳原子属于庚烷,离甲基最近的碳原子为1号碳原子,且要使取代基的序数之和最小,所以该有机物的名称是2,3,5-三甲基-4-乙基庚烷,
故答案为:2,3,5-三甲基-4-乙基庚烷;
(3)甲基中碳原子和三个氢原子形成三个共价键,碳原子还剩一个单电子,所以其电子式为;氢氧根离子中氧原子和一个氢原子形成一个共价键,氢氧根离子是阴离子要用方括号括起来写上电荷和电性,电子式为,故答案为子式为;;
(4))①等物质的量的四种有机物,分别在氧气中完全燃烧,1mol物质耗氧量为:A.1mol甲烷CH4耗氧量为2mol;B.1mol乙烯C2H4耗氧量为3mol;C.1mol乙炔C2H2耗氧量为2.5mol;D.1mol苯C6H6耗氧量为7.5mol,故耗氧量最多的是D;等质量的上述四种有机物分别在氧气中完全燃烧,耗氧量可以根据CxHy变化为CH
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A.C3H8、C4H6 分子中氢原子不同,故A不符合;
B.C3H6、C4H6O2 分子中氢原子相同,C3H6的x+
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C.C2H2、C6H6 分子中氢原子不同,故C不符合;
D.CH4O、C4H4O5;分子中氢原子相同,CH4O的x+
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故答案为:D;A;B;
(5)C7H16的同分异构体中具有“手性碳原子”的有CH3CH2
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