在标准状况下，将224LHCI气体溶于635ml水（密度d=1.00g/ml)中，所得盐酸的密度为1.2g/ml，计算
\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c06224LHCl\u6c14\u4f53\u6eb6\u4e8e635mL\u6c34\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a1.18g/cm3\uff0e\u8bd5\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u53d6\u51fa\u8fd9\u79cd\u76d0\u9178100m\uff081\uff09n\uff08HCl\uff09=224L22.4L/mol=10mol\uff0cm\uff08HCl\uff09=10mol\u00d736.5g?mol-1=365g\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u4f53\u79efV=365g+635g1.18g/cm3=847ml=0.847L\uff0c\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6c=10mol0.847L=11.8mol/L\uff1b\u8bbe\u7a00\u91ca\u540e\u5f97\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e3ac1\uff0c\u7531\u7a00\u91ca\u5b9a\u5f8b\u53ef\u5f97\uff1a11.8mol/L\u00d70.1L=c1\u00d71.18L\uff0c\u89e3\u5f97\uff1ac1=1mol/L\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a1mol/L\uff1a\uff082\uff09n\uff08Na2CO3\uff09=0.040L\u00d70.065mol?L-1=0.0026 mol\uff0c\u8bbe\u52a0\u5165\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u6700\u591a\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7x mL\uff0c\u5219n\uff08HCl\uff09=1mol?L-1\u00d70.001x L=0.001x mol\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u53cd\u5e94Na2CO3+HCl\u2550NaHCO3+NaCl\uff0c\u53ef\u5f970.0026=0.001x\uff0c\u89e3\u5f97x=2.6\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a2.6\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u7ecf\u8fc7\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u84b8\u53d1\u4e2d\u548c\u540e\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6240\u5f97\u56fa\u4f53\u4e3aNaCl\uff0c\u6839\u636eCl\u5143\u7d20\u5b88\u6052\uff1an\uff08NaCl\uff09=n\uff08HCl\uff09=0.050L\u00d72mol?L-1=0.1mol\uff0c\u6545m\uff08NaCl\uff09=0.1mol\u00d758.5g?mol-1=5.85g\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a5.85\uff0e
\uff081\uff09n\uff08HCl\uff09=224L22.4L/mol=10mol\uff0cm\uff08HCl\uff09=10mol\u00d736.5g?mol-1=365g\uff0c635mL\u6c34\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a635mL\u00d71g/mL=635g\uff0c\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570w=365g365g+635g\u00d7100%=36.5%\uff0cc\uff08HCl\uff09=1000\u03c1\u03c9M=1000\u00d71.18\u00d736.5%36.5mol/L=11.8mol/L\uff0c\u7b54\uff1a\u6240\u5f97\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e3a11.8mol/L\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u6839\u636ec\uff08\u6d53\uff09?V\uff08\u6d53\uff09=c\uff08\u7a00\uff09?V\uff08\u7a00\uff09\u53ef\u77e5\uff1ac\uff08\u7a00\uff09=11.8mol?L-1\u00d70.1L\u00f71.18L=1mol?L-1\uff0c\u7b54\uff1a\u6240\u5f97\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e3a1mol?L-1\uff1b\uff083\uff09n\uff08Na2CO3\uff09=0.040L\u00d70.065mol?L-1=0.0026 mol\uff0c\u4f7f\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751fCO2\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u5e94\uff1aNa2CO3+HCl\u2550NaHCO3+NaCl\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u53ef\u77e5\u6d88\u8017HCl\u4e3a0.0026mol\uff0c\u8bbe\u52a0\u5165\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u6700\u591a\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7x mL\uff0c\u5219n\uff08HCl\uff09=1mol?L-1\u00d70.001x L=0.001x mol\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u53cd\u5e94Na2CO3+HCl\u2550NaHCO3+NaCl\uff0c\u53ef\u5f970.0026=0.001x\uff0c\u89e3\u5f97x=2.6\uff0c\u7b54\uff1a\u52a0\u5165\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u6700\u591a\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc72.6\u6beb\u5347\uff0e
嗯，改过来了（1）
n(HCl) = 224/22.4 = 10mol
m(HCl) = 10*36.5 = 365g
所以盐酸的质量分数 = 365/(365+635) = 36.5%
溶液体积 = (365+635)/1.2 = 833mL = 0.833L
所以盐酸的物质的量浓度 = 10/0.833 = 12mol/L
（2）
稀释倍数 = 2/0.01 = 200
所以稀释后物质的量浓度 = 12/200 = 0.06mol/L
绛旓細鈶爊HCl=10mol锛宮HCl=365g mH2O=635g锛宮婧舵恫=1000g锛岄偅涔堢洂閰哥殑鎬讳綋绉 V=1000/1.2mL鍚1/1.2L c=10/锛1/1.2锛=12mol/L 鈶100mL鐨勮瘽nHCl=1.2mol NaHCO3+HCl=NaCl+H2O+CO2鈫 鐭ラ亾浜咰O2鏄1.2mol锛屼綋绉槸1.2脳22.4=26.88L 鈶O2鏄1.2mol 2Na2O2+2CO2=2Na2CO3+O2 2涓狢O2璧...
绛旓細鎵浠ョ洂閰哥殑璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟 = 365/(365+635) = 36.5 婧舵恫浣撶Н = (365+635)/1.2 = 833mL = 0.833L 鎵浠ョ洂閰哥殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺娴撳害 = 10/0.833 = 12mol/L 锛2锛夌█閲婂嶆暟 = 2/0.01 = 200 鎵浠ョ█閲婂悗鐗╄川鐨勯噺娴撳害 = 12/200 = 0.06mol/L ...
绛旓細姘斾綋婧惰В鍚庯紝娑蹭綋鐨勪綋绉細鏈夊彉鍖栵紝浣嗘槸鎬昏川閲忕瓑浜庢憾璐ㄥ拰婧跺墏鐨勮川閲忓拰 m鎬=m(HCI)+m(H2O)=224L*36.5g/mol/22.4mol/L+635ml*1g/ml=646.63g V鎬=646.63g/1.18g/cm3=547.99cm3 c(鍒滺CI)=224L/22.4mol/L/0.54799L=18.25mol/L 0.010L*18.25mol/L=1.45L*c c=0.126mol/L ...
绛旓細2.24鍗嘓Cl姘斾綋鏍囧喌涓嬩负0.1mol 鎵浠200L婧舵恫涓璈Cl鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎负0.1mol 鎵浠ョ墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴︼細c=n/V =0.1mol/200L =0.0005mol/L 鐩愰吀涓憾璐ㄥ井绮掍负姘㈢瀛愬拰姘瀛 姘㈢瀛愬拰姘瀛愮墿璐ㄧ殑閲忓潎涓0.1mol 鎵浠ユ阿绂诲瓙涓暟涓0.1NA ,姘瀛愪釜鏁颁负0.1NA ...
绛旓細1mol 2mol x 2x NaHCO3 + HCl ===NaCl + CO2 + H2O 1mol 1mol y y 2x + y=0.025mol 106x + 84y=1.48g x=0.01mol y=0.005mol 鎵浠aHCO3鐨勮川閲: 106*0.01=1.06g
绛旓細寰22.4L / 22.4/mol HCI姘斾綋涓1mol 鍐嶇敱C=n銆旀憾璐℉CI姘斾綋鐗╄川鐨勯噺銆/ V銆旀憾娑蹭綋绉曞緱1mol / 0.2L 鐩愰吀婧舵恫鐗╄川鐨勯噺娴撳害涓 5mol / L 婧舵恫绋閲婂埌1L锛屽叾瀹炴湁涓櫡闃憋紝妤间富褰撳績浜嗭紝瀹规槗鐞嗚В鎴怘CI姘斾綋鐗╄川鐨勯噺涓嶅彉 鑰岀墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴︿篃涓嶅彉锛岀墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴︿笌婧舵恫浣撶Н涔熸湁鍏崇郴 鎵浠ュ彲浠ョ悊瑙ｆ垚1mo...
绛旓細1:鏍囧噯鐘舵佷笅22.4LHCl鏄1mol锛1mol闄や互0.25L 灏辨槸绗竴棰樼瓟妗 2:绗簩棰樺氨鏄1mol HCl 闄や互1L婧舵恫 3:0.25Hcl涓嶼n鍙嶅簲锛屾柟绋嬪紡浣犲簲璇ヤ細鍐欏惂銆1涓猌n銆併併2涓洂閰革紝鐢熸垚姘㈡皵鍜屾隘鍖栭攲銆 绛旀鑷繁绠
绛旓細鏍囧噯鐘跺喌涓22.4ML HCI 姘斾綋婧朵簬100ML姘翠腑寰楀埌0.01MOL/l鐩愰吀鏄惁姝ｇ‘浠ュ強鍘熷洜 涓嶆纭傚鏋滄憾娑茬殑浣撶Н鏄100姣崌锛屽垯鐩愰吀鐨勬祿搴︽槸0.01mol/L锛涘皢鏍囧噯鐘跺喌涓22.4ML HCI 姘斾綋婧朵簬100ML姘翠腑锛屾憾娑茬殑浣撶Н瑕佸ぇ浜100姣崌锛屽緱鍒扮洂閰哥殑娴撳害瑕佸皬浜0.01mol/L.
绛旓細鏍囧噯鐘跺喌涓嬶紝22.4L浠讳綍姘斾綋閮芥槸涓鎽╁皵锛屽皢婧舵恫閰嶈嚦500mL.鍗宠繖500mL婧舵恫涓湁婧惰川1mol,鍒欐祿搴︿负锛歝=n/v=1mol/(500mL*10^-3)锛2mol/L锛屾湁鐤戦棶鍙互杩介棶锛屽笇鏈涙垜鑳藉府鍔╀綘銆
绛旓細婧惰В鍚庣殑璐ㄩ噺涓1000+36.5=1036.5g 浣撶Н涓1036.5/0.80=1295.625ml=1.295625L 22.4L HCI涓1mol 鎵浠ユ祿搴︿负1/1.295625=0.77mol/L
