英语中的倒装句怎么用 英语中的倒装句用法
\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u600e\u4e48\u7528?\u82f1\u8bed\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u7684\u7528\u6cd5
\u5012\u88c5(Inversion)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u6cd5\u624b\u6bb5,\u7528\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u5b9a\u53e5\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u9700\u8981\u548c\u5f3a\u8c03\u67d0\u4e00\u53e5\u5b50
\u6210\u5206\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u4e3b\u3001\u8c13\u7ed3\u6784,\u5012\u88c5\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u7ed3\u6784
\u52a0\u4ee5\u98a0\u5012\u3002
\u5012\u88c5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd:\u5c06\u4e3b\u8bed\u548c\u8c13\u8bed\u5b8c\u5168\u98a0\u5012\u8fc7\u6765,\u53eb\u505a\u5b8c\u5168\u5012\u88c5(Complete
Inversion)\u3002\u5982:In came a man with a white beard.
\u53ea\u5c06\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd(\u5305\u62ec\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd)\u79fb\u81f3\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e4b\u524d,\u53eb\u505a\u90e8\u5206\u5012\u88c5(Partial
Inversion)\u3002\u5982:Only once was John late to class.
\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u5012\u88c5\u4e00\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u9700\u8981\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5012\u88c5,\u4e8c\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u9700
\u8981\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5012\u88c5\u3002\u524d\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5,\u5012\u88c5\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684,\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef;\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5
\u51b5,\u5012\u88c5\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684,\u5012\u88c5\u4e0e\u5426\u53ea\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u8868\u8fbe\u6548\u679c\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u672c\u6587\u5c31\u62df\u4ece\u5176\u4fee
\u8f9e\u529f\u80fd\u8c08\u8c08\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002
\u4e00\u3001 \u8868\u793a\u5f3a\u8c03:
\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u6700\u7a81\u51fa\u3001\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4fee\u8f9e\u6548\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03,\u5176\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b:
1. only +\u72b6\u8bed\u6216\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u7f6e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996,\u53e5\u5b50\u7528\u90e8\u5206\u5012\u88c5\u3002
\u4f8b1:Only in this way can you solve this problem. \u53ea\u6709\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5,\u4f60
\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\u4f8b2:Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had
made a big mistake.\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bf4\u51fa\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b57\u540e\u624d\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u72af\u4e86\u4e2a\u5927\u9519\u8bef\u3002
2. not,little,hardly,scarcely,no more,no longer,in no
way,never,seldom,not only,no sooner\u7b49\u5177\u6709\u5426\u5b9a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8bcd\u6216\u8bcd\u7ec4\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996,\u53e5
\u5b50\u7528\u90e8\u5206\u5012\u88c5\u3002
\u4f8b1: No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. \u6211\u521a\u5230\u5bb6\u5c31\u4e0b
\u8d77\u4e86\u96e8\u3002
\u4f8b2: Seldom do I go to work by bus. \u6211\u5f88\u5c11\u4e58\u516c\u5171\u6c7d\u8f66\u4e0a\u73ed\u3002
3. so / such...that\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684so\u6216such\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u5012\u88c5\u53e5,\u8868\u793a
\u5f3a\u8c03so /such\u548cthat\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002
\u4f8b1:So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. \u4ed6\u7684\u8981
\u4ef7\u592a\u79bb\u8c31,\u4ee4\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u77a0\u76ee\u7ed3\u820c\u3002
\u4f8b2:To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors
walked out. \u5979\u7684\u5f69\u6392\u8fdb\u884c\u5f97\u90a3\u4e48\u957f,\u4ee5\u81f4\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e24\u4e2a\u6f14\u5458\u90fd\u8d70\u51fa\u53bb\u4e86\u3002
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u4f8b\u90fd\u7528\u5012\u88c5\u8bed\u5e8f\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u53e5\u9996\u6210\u5206,\u5176\u8bed\u6c14\u8f83\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u5e8f\u5f3a\u70c8,\u56e0\u800c\u5177\u6709\u6781
\u4f73\u7684\u4fee\u8f9e\u6548\u679c\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001 \u627f\u4e0a\u542f\u4e0b
\u6709\u65f6\u5012\u88c5\u53ef\u628a\u524d\u4e00\u53e5\u8bf4\u5230\u7684\u4eba\u6216\u7269,\u6216\u4e0e\u524d\u4e00\u53e5\u6709\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u4eba\u6216\u7269\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u53e5\u7d27
\u63a5\u7740\u5148\u8bf4\u51fa\u6765,\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u53e5\u5728\u610f\u601d\u4e0a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u695a,\u8854\u63a5\u66f4\u52a0\u7d27\u5bc6,\u8d77\u5230\u627f
\u4e0a\u542f\u4e0b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002
\u4f8b1: They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying
on the floor, dead. Around his head was a brown snake. \u4ed6\u4eec\u7834\u95e8\u8fdb\u5165\u5979
\u53d4\u53d4\u7684\u5367\u5ba4,\u53d1\u73b0\u4ed6\u8eba\u5728\u5730\u677f\u4e0a\u6b7b\u4e86\u3002\u4e00\u6761\u68d5\u8910\u8272\u7684\u86c7\u7f20\u5728\u4ed6\u5934\u4e0a\u3002
\u4f8b2: We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we
are, and paupers we shall remain. \u6211\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u5e94\u56e0\u4e3a\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u7a77\u5149\u86cb\u800c\u6124\u6124\u4e0d
\u5e73\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u786e\u662f\u7a77\u5149\u86cb,\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u662f\u7a77\u5149\u86cb\u3002
\u4e09\u3001 \u5236\u9020\u60ac\u5ff5,\u6e32\u67d3\u6c14\u6c1b
\u5728\u65b0\u95fb\u6216\u6587\u5b66\u521b\u4f5c\u4e2d,\u6709\u65f6\u4e3a\u4e86\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u9700\u8981,\u6216\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f3a\u8c03,\u4f5c\u8005\u5e38\u5e38\u8fd0\u7528\u5012
\u88c5\u6765\u5236\u9020\u60ac\u5ff5,\u6e32\u67d3\u6c14\u6c1b\u3002\u5982:
Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting. \u5899\u4e0a\u6302\u7740\u4e00\u5e45\u7cbe\u7f8e\u7684\u56fe
\u753b\u3002
\u518d\u5982\u6717\u8d39\u7f57(Longfellow)\u300a\u96ea\u82b1\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u8282:
Out of the bosom of the Air,
Out of the cloud-folds of her garments shaken,
Over the woodlands brown and bare,
Over the harvest-fields forsaken,
Silent, and soft, and slow,
Descends the snow.
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u8282\u8bd7\u91cc ,\u8bd7\u4eba\u5c31\u5bcc\u6709\u521b\u610f\u5730\u8fd0\u7528\u4e86\u5012\u88c5\u3002\u5728\u524d\u4e94\u884c\u4e2d ,\u8bd7\u4eba\u5806\u780c\u4e86\u4e03
\u4e2a\u72b6\u8bed,\u72b6\u8bed\u8fde\u7eed\u51fa\u73b0\u800c\u4e3b\u8bed\u548c\u8c13\u8bed\u5374\u8fdf\u8fdf\u672a\u9732 ,\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u60ac\u5ff5\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u5168\u8282\u8bfb
\u7f62 ,\u8bfb\u8005\u624d\u5bf9\u8bd7\u6b4c\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u604d\u7136\u5927\u609f ,\u56e0\u800c\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u51e1\u54cd\u7684\u827a\u672f\u6548\u679c\u3002
\u56db\u3001 \u5e73\u8861\u7ed3\u6784
\u82f1\u8bed\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u5219\u662f\u5c3e\u91cd\u539f\u5219,\u5373\u628a\u53e5\u5b50\u6700\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6210\u5206\u653e\u5728\u53e5\u5c3e\u4ee5\u4fdd
\u6301\u53e5\u5b50\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u4ea7\u751f\u5934\u91cd\u811a\u8f7b\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u53e5\u5b50,\u6211\u4eec\u5e38
\u91c7\u7528\u5012\u88c5\u8bed\u5e8f\u3002
1. \u4ee5\u4f5c\u72b6\u8bed\u7684\u4ecb\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u5f00\u5934:\u5f53\u4e3b\u8bed\u8f83\u957f\u6216\u4e3b\u8bed\u6240\u5e26\u4fee\u9970\u8bed\u8f83\u957f\u65f6,\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f
\u53e5\u5b50\u5e73\u8861,\u5e38\u5c06\u72b6\u8bed\u7f6e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996,\u53e5\u5b50\u7528\u5b8c\u5168\u5012\u88c5\u8bed\u5e8f\u3002
\u4f8b1:A. To the coal mine came a com-pany of PLA soldiers with
orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.
B. A company of PLA soldiers came to the coal mine with orders
from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.
\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u961f\u7684\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u6218\u58eb\u6765\u5230\u4e86\u90a3\u5ea7\u7164\u77ff,\u5949\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u4e4b\u547d\u89e3\u6551\u53d7\u56f0\u7684\u77ff\u5de5\u3002
\u4f8b2:A. On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be
shipped to some other cities.
B. Some air conditioners lay on the ground, which are to be
shipped to some other cities.
\u5730\u4e0a\u653e\u7740\u4e00\u4e9b\u7a7a\u8c03,\u7b49\u7740\u7528\u8239\u8fd0\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u57ce\u5e02\u53bb\u3002
\u4ece\u4f8b\u53e5\u4e2d\u53ef\u770b\u51fa, \u91c7\u7528\u5012\u88c5\u8bed\u5e8f\u7684A\u53e5\u7ed3\u6784\u5e73\u8861\u7a33\u59a5 ,\u8bfb\u8d77\u6765\u81ea\u7136\u6d41\u7545,\u800c\u91c7
\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u5e8f\u7684B\u53e5\u7ed3\u6784\u96f6\u4e71, \u8bfb\u8d77\u6765\u4e5f\u522b\u626d\u3002\u56e0\u800c,\u5728\u4e3b\u8bed\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\u5c31\u5e94\u91c7\u7528\u5012\u88c5\u8bed
\u5e8f\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u6548\u679c\u3002
2. \u4ee5\u8868\u8bed\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u53e5\u5b50:\u6709\u65f6\u4e3a\u4e86\u628a\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\u653e\u5728\u540e\u9762,\u987b\u5c06\u8868\u8bed\u548c\u8c13\u8bed\u90fd
\u63d0\u5230\u4e3b\u8bed\u524d\u3002\u5982:
Such would be our home in the future. \u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u5bb6\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6837\u5b50\u3002
3. \u4ee5\u526f\u8bcdhere , there\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u53e5\u5b50,\u4e5f\u91c7\u7528\u5b8c\u5168\u5012\u88c5\u6765\u4fdd\u6301\u53e5\u5b50\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5982:
Here is the letter you have been looking forward to. \u4f60\u76fc\u671b\u5df2\u4e45\u7684
\u4fe1\u5728\u8fd9\u513f\u3002
\u4e94\u3001 \u4f7f\u63cf\u5199\u751f\u52a8
\u6709\u65f6\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u53d9\u8ff0\u6216\u63cf\u7ed8\u66f4\u52a0\u751f\u52a8\u5f62\u8c61,\u589e\u52a0\u8bed\u8a00\u6548\u679c,\u53ef\u5c06\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u526f\u8bcd
(\u5982:down, up, out, in, off, on, away\u7b49)\u6216\u62df\u58f0\u8bcd(bang, crack\u7b49)\u7f6e\u4e8e\u53e5
\u9996,\u53e5\u5b50\u91c7\u7528\u5168\u90e8\u5012\u88c5\u7684\u8bed\u5e8f(\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e3a\u4eba\u79f0\u4ee3\u8bcd\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u9664\u5916)\u3002\u5982:
Up went the rocket into the air. \u55d6\u5730\u4e00\u58f0\u706b\u7bad\u5c31\u98de\u4e0a\u5929\u4e86\u3002
Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman
pointed his pistol at him. \u5f53\u8b66\u5bdf\u628a\u624b\u67aa\u7784\u51c6\u90a3\u4e2a\u7f6a\u72af\u65f6,\u562d\u5730\u4e00\u4e0b\u4ed6\u5c31\u4ece\u4e09
\u697c\u8df3\u4e86\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002
Boom went the cannon! \u8f70\u9686\u4e00\u58f0\u5927\u70ae\u5f00\u706b\u4e86!
Bang came another shot!\u7830!\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u58f0\u67aa\u54cd!
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u53e5\u5b50\u7b80\u6d01\u660e\u5feb ,\u751f\u52a8\u903c\u771f\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u52a8\u4f5c ,\u4ee4\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u89c8\u6b64\u7c7b\u5012\u88c5\u7684\u98ce
\u91c7\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u7684\u4fee\u8f9e\u529f\u80fd\u5728\u8bed\u6bb5\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f53\u73b0\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u6e05\u695a\u3002
\u201cStop thief! Stop thief!\u201d There is a magic cry in the sound.
The tradesman leaves his counter, ... Away they run, pell\u2014mell,
helter\u2014skelter, yelling\u2014screaming, ...
\u201cStop thief ! Stop thief !\u201d The cry is taking by a hundred
voices, ... Away they fly, splashing through the mud, up go the
window, out run the people. ( Dickens )
\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u7528\u526f\u8bcdaway, up\u548cout\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u5f15\u51fa\u56db\u4e2a\u5012\u88c5
\u53e5Away they run , Away they fly, up go the window , out run the
people\u3002\u4ece\u800c\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u7d27\u5f20\u3001\u6025\u4fc3\u7684\u6c14\u6c1b ,\u751f\u52a8\u5730\u523b\u753b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d27\u5f20\u3001\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u6349\u8d3c\u573a\u9762\u3002
\u5927\u4f53\u53ef\u628a\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a
\u4e00\uff0e \u5168\u5012\u88c5
1\uff0e here,there,up,down,in ,out,away,off,now,then\u7b49\u8868\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u526f\u8bcd\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u662f\uff0c\u53e5\u5b50\u5e38\u7528\u5168\u5012\u88c5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u5e38\u662fcome,go ,lie,live,stand,sit ,seem,remain \u7b49\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u3002There stand a tower by the lake.
Now comes your turn.
In he came and the lesson began.
2.\u5f53\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u4f4d\u7684\u4ecb\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u653e\u53e5\u9996\u65f6\uff0c\u53e5\u5b50\u9700\u5168\u5012\u88c5\u3002Under the table lies a wounded young man .
3.\u8868\u8bed\u63d0\u5230\u53e5\u9996\u9700\u7528\u5168\u5012\u88c5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8bed\u6709\u8f83\u957f\u4fee\u9970\u8bed\u3002
Gone are the days when we used oil lamps.
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.
4\uff0e\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u8bed\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\u65f6\uff0c\u53e5\u5b50\u9700\u7528\u5168\u5012\u88c5 \uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\uff1aasked Mary,answered John,said the old lady\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u5f53\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u4eba\u79f0\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u9700\u7528\u6b63\u5e38\u8bed\u5e8f\u3002\u201dWhat do you mean?\u201dhe asked.
\u4e8c\uff0e \u534a\u5012\u88c5\uff1a
1\uff0e \u5426\u5b9a\u610f\u4e49\u526f\u8bcdnor,neither ,rarely,never,scarcely,little,hardly,seldom,at no time,by no means,in no way,on no accoune,nowhere,not until,no sooner \u2026thanhardly\u2026when,not only\u2026but also,neither\u2026nor\u53ca\u8868\u793a\u9891\u5ea6\u7684\u526f\u8bcd\uff1aoften ,once,many a time,now and then \u653e\u53e5\u9996\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u534a\u5012\u88c5\u3002
Seldom does he go to the cinema.
Hardly had he finished his work when he went ot watch the match.
2.only+\u72b6\u8bed\u653e\u53e5\u9996\u65f6\uff0c\u53e5\u5b50\u9700\u534a\u5012\u88c5\u3002
Only in this way can you improve your English.
Only because there was some leftover bread did he get some food in the end.
3.so/as \u8868\u793a\u201c\u4e5f\u201c\u65f6\uff0c\u6216so/such\u2026that\u2026\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cso \u4fee\u9970\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3001\u526f\u8bcd\u6216such\u4fee\u9970\u540d\u8bcd\u653e\u53e5\u9996\u65f6\uff0c\u53e5\u5b50\u9700\u534a\u5012\u88c5\u3002
I enjoy swimming ,and so does my brother.
So fast did they run that I couldn\u2019t catch up with them.
4.\u7528\u4e8e\u7701\u7565\u4e86if\u7684\u975e\u771f\u5b9e\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u6709were,had,should\u7b49\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u628awere,had ,should\u7f6e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996 \u3002\u5982\uff1aWere I you ,I would refuse to do it.
5.\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5012\u88c5\u3002\u5728as\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u8ba9\u6b65\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u7528\u5012\u88c5\uff1a
Child as she is ,she knows a lot.(Child \u524d\u65e0\u51a0\u8bcda)
Cold as it was,we still went out.
倒装(Inversion)是一种语法手段,用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子
成分的需要.英语的最基本结构是主、谓结构,倒装就是将这种比较固定的结构
加以颠倒.
倒装有两种:将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来,叫做完全倒装(Complete
Inversion).如:In came a man with a white beard.
只将助动词(包括情态动词)移至主语之前,叫做部分倒装(Partial
Inversion).如:Only once was John late to class.
英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需
要而进行的倒装.前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情
况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异.下面本文就拟从其修
辞功能谈谈倒装句的用法.
一、 表示强调:
倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下:
1. only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装.
例1:Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你
才可以解决这个问题.
例2:Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had
made a big mistake.只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误.
2. not,little,hardly,scarcely,no more,no longer,in no
way,never,seldom,not only,no sooner等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句
子用部分倒装.
例1: No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚到家就下
起了雨.
例2: Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班.
3. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示
强调so /such和that之间的部分.
例1:So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要
价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌.
例2:To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors
walked out. 她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了.
以上各例都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极
佳的修辞效果.
二、 承上启下
有时倒装可把前一句说到的人或物,或与前一句有联系的人或物在下一句紧
接着先说出来,从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚,衔接更加紧密,起到承
上启下的作用.
例1: They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying
on the floor, dead. Around his head was a brown snake. 他们破门进入她
叔叔的卧室,发现他躺在地板上死了.一条棕褐色的蛇缠在他头上.
例2: We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we
are, and paupers we shall remain. 我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不
平.我们的确是穷光蛋,而且还会继续是穷光蛋.
三、 制造悬念,渲染气氛
在新闻或文学创作中,有时为了内容的需要,或是为了强调,作者常常运用倒
装来制造悬念,渲染气氛.如:
Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting. 墙上挂着一幅精美的图
画.
再如朗费罗(Longfellow)《雪花》中的一节:
Out of the bosom of the Air,
Out of the cloud-folds of her garments shaken,
Over the woodlands brown and bare,
Over the harvest-fields forsaken,
Silent, and soft, and slow,
Descends the snow.
在这一节诗里 ,诗人就富有创意地运用了倒装.在前五行中 ,诗人堆砌了七
个状语,状语连续出现而主语和谓语却迟迟未露 ,造成一种悬念效应.全节读
罢 ,读者才对诗歌的主题恍然大悟 ,因而收到了不同凡响的艺术效果.
四、 平衡结构
英语修辞的一个重要原则是尾重原则,即把句子最复杂的成分放在句尾以保
持句子平衡.在语言使用中为了避免产生头重脚轻、结构不平衡的句子,我们常
采用倒装语序.
1. 以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时,为了使
句子平衡,常将状语置于句首,句子用完全倒装语序.
例1:A. To the coal mine came a com-pany of PLA soldiers with
orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.
B. A company of PLA soldiers came to the coal mine with orders
from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.
一个连队的解放军战士来到了那座煤矿,奉司令部之命解救受困的矿工.
例2:A. On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be
shipped to some other cities.
B. Some air conditioners lay on the ground, which are to be
shipped to some other cities.
地上放着一些空调,等着用船运到其他城市去.
从例句中可看出, 采用倒装语序的A句结构平衡稳妥 ,读起来自然流畅,而采
用自然语序的B句结构零乱, 读起来也别扭.因而,在主语较长时就应采用倒装语
序以取得理想的表达效果.
2. 以表语开头的句子:有时为了把较长的主语放在后面,须将表语和谓语都
提到主语前.如:
Such would be our home in the future. 我们将来的家就是这个样子.
3. 以副词here , there开头的句子,也采用完全倒装来保持句子平衡.如:
Here is the letter you have been looking forward to. 你盼望已久的
信在这儿.
五、 使描写生动
有时为了使叙述或描绘更加生动形象,增加语言效果,可将表示方向的副词
(如:down, up, out, in, off, on, away等)或拟声词(bang, crack等)置于句
首,句子采用全部倒装的语序(主语为人称代词的句子除外).如:
Up went the rocket into the air. 嗖地一声火箭就飞上天了.
Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman
pointed his pistol at him. 当警察把手枪瞄准那个罪犯时,嘭地一下他就从三
楼跳了下去.
Boom went the cannon! 轰隆一声大炮开火了!
Bang came another shot!砰!又是一声枪响!
以上句子简洁明快 ,生动逼真地描述了有关动作 ,令我们一览此类倒装的风
采.但这种倒装句的修辞功能在语段中可以体现得更为清楚.
“Stop thief! Stop thief!” There is a magic cry in the sound.
The tradesman leaves his counter, ... Away they run, pell—mell,
helter—skelter, yelling—screaming, ...
“Stop thief ! Stop thief !” The cry is taking by a hundred
voices, ... Away they fly, splashing through the mud, up go the
window, out run the people. ( Dickens )
作者在第一段和第二段中分别用副词away, up和out位于句首引出四个倒装
句Away they run , Away they fly, up go the window , out run the
people.从而制造出一种紧张、急促的气氛 ,生动地刻画了一个紧张、混乱的捉贼场面.
句子有什么可以说用的，根据语境想怎么用就怎么用呗。
绛旓細鑻辫鍙ュ瓙浣跨敤鐨勭洰鐨勶紝鍙垎涓哄洓澶х被锛氶檲杩板彞銆佺枒闂彞銆佺浣垮彞鍜屾劅鍙瑰彞銆傝繖鍥涘ぇ绫诲瀷鍙ュ瓙閮芥湁鍙兘鍑虹幇鍊掕鍙ャ傚掕鍙ュ垎涓哄叏鍊掕鍜岄儴鍒嗗掕涓ょ绫诲瀷銆傛祬鏋愬涓嬶細涓銆佺枒闂彞涓嚭鐜鐨勫掕鍙 1. 鐗规畩鐤戦棶鍙ヤ腑 锛1锛塛hat is this?锛堝叏鍊掕锛夛紙2锛塛hich do you want?锛堥儴鍒嗗掕锛2. 涓鑸枒闂彞 锛1锛塂o ...
绛旓細鑻辫鍊掕鍙鐨勭敤娉 鍊掕(Inversion)鏄竴绉嶈娉曟墜娈,鐢ㄤ互琛ㄧず涓瀹氬彞瀛愮粨鏋勭殑闇瑕佸拰寮鸿皟鏌愪竴鍙ュ瓙 鎴愬垎鐨勯渶瑕.鑻辫鐨鏈鍩烘湰缁撴瀯鏄富銆佽皳缁撴瀯,鍊掕灏辨槸灏嗚繖绉嶆瘮杈冨浐瀹氱殑缁撴瀯 鍔犱互棰犲.鍊掕鏈変袱绉:灏嗕富璇拰璋撹瀹屽叏棰犲掕繃鏉,鍙仛瀹屽叏鍊掕(Complete Inversion).濡:In came a man with a white beard.鍙皢鍔...
绛旓細鍊掕鍙锛堝繀淇簲Unit 4 璇硶锛鑻辫鍙ュ瓙涓瀛樺湪涓ょ璇簭锛氫竴绉嶆槸姝ｅ父璇簭锛屼竴绉嶆槸鍊掕璇簭銆傚掕璇簭鍒嗕袱绉嶆儏鍐碉細璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鍏ㄩ儴缃簬涓昏鍓嶉潰鐨勫彨瀹屽叏鍊掕銆傝皳璇姩璇嶅彧鏈変竴閮ㄥ垎锛堝鍔╁姩璇嶃佹儏鎬佸姩璇嶆垨be 鍔ㄨ瘝锛夌疆浜庝富璇墠闈㈢殑鍙儴鍒嗗掕銆傚畬鍏ㄥ掕 鑰冪偣涓鈻宠〃绀烘柟浣嶇殑鍓瘝锛坔ere, there, down, in, up, off,...
绛旓細鍦╤ere銆乼here绛夊壇璇嶅紑澶寸殑鏌愪簺鍙ュ瓙涓紙瑕佺敤涓鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂鎬侊級锛堝墠涓や釜渚嬪彞锛夛紱濡傛灉涓昏鏄汉绉颁唬璇嶏紝涓昏鍜屼富瑕佸姩璇嶇殑璇嶅簭涓嶅彉銆傦紙瀹屽叏鍊掕锛夛紙鏈鍚庝竴涓緥鍙ワ級There goes the bell.閾冨搷浜嗐4銆侀噸澶嶅掕鍙ュ瀷 鍦ㄤ互so銆乶or銆乶either寮澶达紝琛ㄧず璋撹鎵杩扮殑鎯呭喌涔熼傜敤浜庡彟涓涓汉鎴栦竴浜嬬墿鐨勮偗瀹氭垨鍚﹀畾鍙ヤ腑銆俿o...
绛旓細鑻辫鍊掕鍙ヤ腑鍙湁娉ㄦ剰瑙傚療寮曡捣鍊掕鐨勫師鍥狅紝鎵嶈兘鏇村噯纭湴鐞嗚В鍙ュ瓙鐨勫惈涔夈傞偅涔堜綘瀵鑻辫鍊掕鍙ョ殑浣跨敤鏂规硶浜嗚В澶氬皯鍛?浠ヤ笅鏄敱鎴戞暣鐞嗗叧浜庤嫳璇掕鍙ョ殑鐢ㄦ硶褰掔撼鐨勫唴瀹癸紝甯屾湜澶у鍠滄!鑻辫鍊掕鍙ョ殑鐢ㄦ硶褰掔撼 涓昏鍜岃皳璇槸鍙ュ瓙鐨勬牳蹇冿紝瀹冧滑涔嬮棿鏈変袱绉嶈搴 涓鏄富璇湪璋撹涔嬪墠绉颁负鑷劧璇簭(Natural Order);浜屾槸涓昏...
绛旓細鑻辫鍊掕鍙ユ庝箞鐢 2涓洖绛 #鐑# 浣犺寰楀悓灞呬細鏇村鏄撹鎰熸儏鍙樻贰鍚?鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛 2014-01-05 灞曞紑鍏ㄩ儴 鑻辫鍊掕鍙ョ殑鐢ㄦ硶 绫诲瀷 1)閮ㄥ垎鍊掕--- 鍔╁姩璇峔鎯呮佸姩璇+涓昏+璋撹鐨勫疄涔夊姩璇嶅瀷 2)鍏ㄥ掕--- 璋撹+涓昏鍨 鍦ㄤ互涓嬬粨鏋勪腑鐢ㄥ叏鍊掕 姝ょ粨鏋勯氬父鍙敤涓庝竴鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂鍜屼竴鑸繃鍘绘椂銆傚父瑙佺殑缁...
绛旓細鍊掕璇簭鍒嗕负鍏ㄩ儴鍊掕鍜岄儴鍒嗗掕锛屽叏閮ㄥ掕缁撴瀯鏄皳璇姩璇嶆彁鍓嶈嚦涓昏涔嬪墠锛岄儴鍒嗗掕缁撴瀯鏄姪鍔ㄨ瘝鎴栨儏鎬佸姩璇嶆彁鑷充富璇箣鍓嶏紝鑰岃皳璇姩璇嶄綅缃笉鍙樸備竴銆佸叏閮ㄥ掕锛氳皳璇姩璇嶆彁鍓嶈嚦涓昏涔嬪墠涓哄叏閮ㄥ掕銆傚綋棣栧彞涓烘柟浣嶆垨鏃堕棿鍓瘝锛岃皳璇姩璇嶄负go锛宑ome绛夋椂閫氬父鐢ㄥ叏閮ㄥ掕銆備緥锛歍hen one day a few years ago, out ...
绛旓細鑻辫鍊掕鍙渚嬪瓙濡備笅锛氫竴銆侀儴鍒嗗掕 1銆佸惁瀹氬壇璇嶄綅浜庡彞棣栨椂鐨勫掕 鍦ㄦ寮忔枃浣撲腑锛宯ever锛宻eldom锛宺arely锛宭ittle锛宧ardly锛宻carcely锛宯o sooner锛宯o longer锛宯owhere绛夊惈鏈夊惁瀹氭剰涔夊壇璇嶈嫢浣嶄簬鍙ラ锛屽垯鍏跺悗瑕佺敤閮ㄥ垎瑁咃細I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 鎴戞案杩滀笉浼氬鎭曚粬銆侶e ...
绛旓細姝ょ被鍊掕鍙涓鑸嚭鐜板湪濉┖棰樹腑锛岄渶濉叆鐨勬槸鍊掕閮ㄥ垎锛屽彧瑕佸湪鍙ラ瑙佸埌涓婅堪鐨勮瘝锛屽氨搴旀潯浠跺弽灏勭殑鎯冲埌鐢ㄥ掕鍙 渚嬮锛(1)--- was the first fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.(A) Not until 1866 (B) Until 1866, just (C) Until 1866 (D) In 1866, not until 绛旀锛欰 瑙ｉ噴锛...
绛旓細鑻辫鍊掕鍙鐨勭粨鏋勫垎涓哄畬鍏ㄥ掕鍜岄儴鍒嗗掕銆傚畬鍏ㄥ掕甯歌缁撴瀯鍙婄敤娉 鍏ㄩ儴鍊掕鏄彧灏嗗彞瀛涓殑璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鍏ㄩ儴缃簬涓昏涔嬪墠銆傛缁撴瀯閫氬父鍙敤浜庝竴鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂鍜屼竴鑸繃鍘绘椂銆傚父瑙佺殑缁撴瀯鏈夛細1. 浠ュ湴鐐瑰壇璇嶏紙here锛宼here锛夈佹椂闂村壇璇嶏紙now锛宼hen锛夊紑澶寸殑鍙ュ瓙锛屼富璇槸鏅氬悕璇嶏紝鐢ㄥ叏閮ㄥ掕銆備緥锛歍here comes the bus!锛...
