重温陈鹤琴先生《怎样做人民的幼稚园教师》之一 谈谈陈鹤琴先生学前教育思想的现实意义法有哪些
\u8bfb\u9648\u9e64\u7434\u300a\u600e\u6837\u505a\u5e7c\u7a1a\u56ed\u6559\u5e08\u300b\u968f\u7b14\u8bfb\u9648\u9e64\u7434\u300a\u600e\u6837\u505a\u5e7c\u7a1a\u56ed\u6559\u5e08\u300b\u968f\u7b14
\u300a\u600e\u6837\u505a\u5e7c\u7a1a\u56ed\u6559\u5e08\u300b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6211\u66fe\u8bfb\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u73cd\u85cf\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u7ffb\u5f00\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u840c\u751f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u611f\u609f\uff0c\u5b83\u8ba9\u6211\u5bf9\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u7231\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u6211\u53bb\u53cd\u601d\u3001\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u9648\u9e64\u7434\u8bf4\uff1a\u5bf9\u513f\u7ae5\u8981\u70ed\u7231\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u70ed\u7231\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u4f1a\u5168\u5fc3\u5168\u610f\u5730\u4e3a\u513f\u7ae5\u8c0b\u5e78\u798f\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u6539\u8fdb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c,\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u7231\u662f\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u662f\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u5e08\u804c\u4e1a\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u3002\u8bfb\u5b8c\u6b64\u4e66\u6211\u7684\u6536\u83b7\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u70b9\uff1a\u3000
\u4e00\u3001\u5e08\u7231\u662f\u5bf9\u5e7c\u513f\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u6700\u597d\u8bfe\u7a0b
\u5e7c\u513f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u7684\u754f\u60e7\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u5929\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6210\u4eba\u5728\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u5e7c\u513f\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u5e7c\u513f\u9700\u8981\u6210\u4eba\u7684\u7231\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8981\u5524\u8d77\u5e7c\u513f\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u7684\u7231\u604b\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u70ed\u7231\u5e7c\u513f\uff0c\u4e0e\u5e7c\u513f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u826f\u597d\u7684\u611f\u60c5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u6210\u4eba\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u4e9b\uff0c\u4f46\u5e7c\u513f\u662f\u7a1a\u5ae9\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u4e3e\u52a8\u5341\u5206\u654f\u611f\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u5728\u4e4e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u662f\u4eb2\u5207\u7684\u3001\u6e29\u548c\u7684\uff0c\u5e7c\u513f\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u201c\u8001\u5e08\u559c\u6b22\u6211\u201d\u7684\u6109\u60a6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5411\u8001\u5e08\u655e\u5f00\u5fc3\u6249\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u662f\u51b7\u6f20\u7684\u3001\u7c97\u9c81\u7684\uff0c\u5e7c\u513f\u4fbf\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u201c\u8001\u5e08\u8ba8\u538c\u6211\u3001\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u6211\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u6b64\u53d7\u5230\u4f24\u5bb3\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4ed6\u7684\u5fc3\u7075\u4e4b\u7a97\u4ece\u6b64\u5c31\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u3002\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4f4e\u9f84\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u611f\u6027\u6a21\u4eff\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u513f\u7ae5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5e03\u9c81\u8bfa\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u6837,\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5f88\u5c11\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b63\u786e\u4e0e\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u201c\u8c01\u4f7f\u4ed6\u540c\u60c5\uff0c\u8c01\u8ba9\u4ed6\u538c\u6076\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e7c\u513f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6211\u60f3\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6211\u60f3\u6210\u4e3a\u8c01\u201d\u3002\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u5e08\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e7c\u513f\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u8981\u4ed6\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e7c\u513f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u5e7c\u513f\u611f\u89c9\u5230\u8001\u5e08\u559c\u6b22\u4ed6\u65f6\uff0c\u5e7c\u513f\u5c31\u4f1a\u559c\u6b22\u8001\u5e08\u3001\u8ba4\u540c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8001\u5e08\u5bf9\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3001\u5bf9\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3001\u5bf9\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3001\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u5fc3\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u5176\u4e2a\u6027\u5fd7\u8da3\u4e0e\u7a7f\u7740\u6253\u626e\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5e7c\u513f\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7231\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u88ab\u5e7c\u513f\u5728\u6f5c\u79fb\u9ed8\u5316\u4e2d\u6a21\u4eff\u7740\u3001\u5438\u6536\u7740\u3002
\u4e86\u4e86\u662f\u6211\u5e26\u8fc7\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9d\u5b9d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u5206\u79bb\u7126\u8651\u7684\u5e7c\u513f\uff0c\u5728\u5979\u521a\u5165\u56ed\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u987e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\u75b2\u60eb\uff0c\u5bf9\u5979\u65bd\u4ee5\u6bcd\u4eb2\u822c\u7684\u5173\u7231\uff0c\u7167\u987e\u5979\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8d77\u5c45\u3001\u5582\u5979\u5403\u996d\u3001\u966a\u5979\u7761\u89c9\u8fd8\u60f3\u65b9\u8bbe\u6cd5\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5404\u79cd\u6e38\u620f\u548c\u5979\u73a9\uff0c\u8f6c\u79fb\u5979\u5bf9\u5bb6\u4eba\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u65f6\u65f6\u523b\u523b\u544a\u8bc9\u5979\uff1a\u201c\u5b63\u8001\u5e08\u559c\u6b22\u4e86\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u79cd\u7231\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4e0d\u4e45\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u4e86\u4e86\u611f\u89c9\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u6015\u5bf9\u5979\u7684\u7231,\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u4e86\u5bf9\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u4f9d\u604b\u800c\u514b\u670d\u4e86\u5206\u79bb\u7126\u8651\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\u4e86\u4e86\u5976\u5976\u5bf9\u6211\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u4e86\u4e86\u5728\u5bb6\u91cc\u5c31\u559c\u6b22\u6a21\u4eff\u5b63\u8001\u5e08\u8bf4\u8bdd\u3001\u505a\u4e8b\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5b63\u8001\u5e08\u8bf4\u7684\u3002\u661f\u671f\u5929\uff0c\u4e86\u4e86\u8fd8\u5bf9\u6211\u8bf4\u2018\u4e86\u4e86\u60f3\u5b63\u8001\u5e08\u4e86\u201d\u3002\u542c\u4e86\u4e86\u4e86\u5976\u5976\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u5f88\u9ad8\u5174\u3002\uff5e\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u624b\u4e0a\u62ff\u4e86\u597d\u591a\u7684\u6c99\u5305\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u5f88\u6162\u5730\u4e0a\u697c\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u4e86\u4e86\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u8dd1\u8fc7\u6765\u5bf9\u6211\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5b63\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u4f60\u62ff\u5f97\u52a8\u5417?\u201d\u4e86\u4e86\u4f1a\u5173\u5fc3\u8001\u5e08\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u6293\u4f4f\u673a\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e86\u4e86\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u771f\u91cd\u5440\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u5e2e\u5e2e\u5fd9\u5417?\u201d\u4e86\u4e86\u9ad8\u5174\u5730\u63a5\u8fc7\u6211\u9012\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u6c99\u5305\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u5173\u7231\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4e86\u5e7c\u513f\u5173\u7231\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u5fc3\u4e2d\u5145\u6ee1\u9633\u5149\uff0c\u201c\u7231\u201d\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u597d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001\u5e08\u7231\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u6559\u65e0\u7c7b
\u9ad8\u5c14\u57fa\u8bed\u8bf4\u201c\u7231\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6bcd\u9e21\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7684\u4e8b\u201d\u3002\u5728\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u91cc\uff0c\u806a\u660e\u3001\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5f15\u8d77\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u5173\u7231\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e08\u7231\u662f\u72ed\u9698\u7684\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5e08\u7231\u8981\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u6559\u80b2\u771f\u6b63\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u6559\u65e0\u7c7b\u3002\u5e7c\u513f\u603b\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4f18\u548c\u5dee\u3001\u5f3a\u548c\u5f31\u7684\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u8981\u6c42\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u6559\u5e08\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u5929\u6027\u201d\u5e26\u5230\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u6765\uff0c\u5e08\u7231\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u628a\u201c\u7279\u522b\u7684\u7231\u201d\u732e\u7ed9\u201c\u7279\u522b\u7684\u4f60\u201d\u3002\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u6559\u80b2\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u6559\u5e08\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u6000\u7740\u70ed\u7231\u3001\u73cd\u60dc\u7684\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5c0a\u91cd\u513f\u7ae5\u751f\u547d\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\u53ca\u5176\u8574\u85cf\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u65e9\u671f\u667a\u6167\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u654f\u611f\u3001\u60ca\u559c\u548c\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u6559\u5e08\u6df1\u523b\u5730\u61c2\u5f97\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u5feb\u7684\u7ae5\u5e74\u751f\u6d3b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u513f\u7ae5\u751f\u547d\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u4ef7\u503c,\u61c2\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e7c\u513f\u4e2a\u4f53\u751f\u547d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u7279\u522b\u9700\u8981\u547c\u5524\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u5e08\u5bf9\u5e7c\u513f\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u5173\u7231\uff0c\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5173\u7231\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u4f7f\u6559\u80b2\u5177\u6709\u611f\u67d3\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5e7c\u513f\u4ece\u5185\u5fc3\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6559\u80b2\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u5b9e\u8d28\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u6559\u65e0\u7c7b\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u60f3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u7f57\u68ee\u5854\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5145\u5206\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u7231\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e08\u7231\u662f\u5b66\u751f\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5eb7\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u63a8\u52a8\u6559\u5e08\u79ef\u6781\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u521b\u65b0\u4e0e\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u667a\u529b\u548c\u4e2a\u6027\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f7f\u6559\u80b2\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5177\u6709\u8ba4\u77e5\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u60c5\u611f\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u5e08\u7231\u4f3c\u96e8\u6da6\u5fc3\u7530\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6559\u5e08\u7231\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u6295\u5165\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u6559\u80b2\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6559\u80b2\u201d\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u624d\u80fd\u201c\u4eb2\u5176\u5e08\uff0c\u4fe1\u5176\u9053\u201d\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7684\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u80fd\u5426\u771f\u6b63\u6253\u52a8\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4f7f\u5b66\u751f\u6109\u60a6\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u770b\u8001\u5e08\u662f\u5426\u6000\u7740\u4e00\u9897\u7231\u5fc3\u3002
1923\u5e74\u521b\u529e\u53ef\u6211\u56fd\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u80b2\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u2014\u2014\u5357\u4eac\u9f13\u697c\u5e7c\u7a1a\u56ed\uff0c\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u6d3b\u6559\u80b2\u201d\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e00\u751f\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u63a2\u7d22\u4e2d\u56fd\u5316\u3001\u5e73\u6c11\u5316\u7684\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u80b2\u9053\u8def\u3002
1.\u53cd\u5bf9\u534a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u534a\u5c01\u5efa\u7684\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u662f\u4e2a\u56fd\u60c5\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5316\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u80b2
2.\u53cd\u5bf9\u601d\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u6d3b\u6559\u80b2\uff1a
\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u76ee\u6807\uff1a\u2460\u505a\u4eba\uff0c\u505a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u505a\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u2461\u505a\u4e2d\u6559\uff0c\u505a\u4e2d\u5b66\uff0c\u505a\u4e2d\u6c42\u8fdb\u6b65\u2462\u5927\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u5927\u793e\u4f1a\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d3b\u6559\u6750
\uff081\uff09\u6559\u80b2\u89c2\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e3b\u52a8\u201d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5e7c\u513f\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u81ea\u53d1\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u201d
\uff082\uff09\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u6807\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u6216\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u201c\u505a\u4e2d\u6559\uff0c\u505a\u4e2d\u5b66\u201d
\uff083\uff09\u6559\u80b2\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u4ee5\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u3001\u5927\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3a\u6d3b\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u7d27\u5bc6\u5730\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6d3b\u6559\u80b2\u201c\u505a\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u6700\u597d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
\uff085\uff09\u6559\u80b2\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u6d3b\u6559\u80b2\u768417\u6761\u539f\u5219\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5c0a\u91cd\u5e7c\u513f\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027\uff0c\u91cd\u89c6\u5e7c\u513f\u52a8\u624b\u52a8\u8111\uff0c\u91cd\u89c6\u76f4\u63a5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u7b49\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u6559\u80b2\u539f\u5219\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002
3.\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7406\u8bba\uff1a
\uff081\uff09\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff1a\u9648\u9e64\u7434\u53cd\u5bf9\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8131\u79bb\u5b9e\u9645\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u5c06\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u73af\u5883\u2014\u2014\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e7c\u7a1a\u56ed\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u8ba9\u513f\u7ae5\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u5730\u4e0e\u5b9e\u7269\u548c\u4eba\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u76f4\u63a5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002
\uff082\uff09\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4ed6\u628a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5185\u5bb9\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\uff1a\u5065\u5eb7\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u827a\u672f\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u6d3b\u52a8\u7b49\u4e94\u9879\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e94\u9879\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u5982\u4eba\u7684\u624b\u6307\u4e0e\u624b\u638c\uff0c\u624b\u6307\u662f\u624b\u638c\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5176\u9aa8\u8089\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u8840\u8109\u76f8\u901a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e94\u6307\u6d3b\u52a8\u201d
\uff083\uff09\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\uff1a\u5f3a\u8c03\u4ee5\u5e7c\u513f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u8eab\u5fc3\u53d1\u5c55\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9009\u62e9\u6559\u6750\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u5b9e\u884c\u5206\u79d1\u6559\u5b66\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u7efc\u5408\u5355\u5143\u6559\u5b66\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u81ea\u7136\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u201c\u6574\u4e2a\u6559\u5b66\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u6e38\u620f\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u3002
4.\u91cd\u89c6\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u4e0e\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff1a
\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u7684\u3001\u662f\u7ee7\u7eed\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u65b9\u7684\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u5927\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002
\u9648\u9e64\u7434\u5148\u751f\u7684\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u80b2\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5b9d\u8d35\u8d22\u5bcc\u3002\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u80b2\u6df1\u5165\u6539\u9769\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u53d1\u626c\u4ed6\u4e3a\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u80b2\u4e8b\u4e1a\u594b\u6597\u60ca\u58f0\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bbe\u6709\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u7684\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u610f\u4e49
绛旓細闄堥工鐞璁や负锛屼綔涓轰竴鍚嶅辜绋氬洯鏁欏笀锛屽湪涓氬姟淇吇鏂归潰锛岃璁よ瘑鍎跨鏁欏吇鐨勯噸瑕併佽璇嗗辜绋氬洯鐨勪綔鐢紝瑕佷簡瑙ｅ拰绮鹃氬辜鏁欎笟鍔★紝杩樿浜嗚В鏁欏笀鏈韩鐨勫搧璐ㄤ箣浜庡効绔ユ垚闀跨殑閲嶈鎬с備粬璇达紝鈥滄暀甯堢殑涓瑷涓璇佷竴涓句竴鍔紝鏃犲舰涔嬩腑閮戒細娣卞埢鍦板奖鍝嶅効绔ョ殑鈥濄備粬瑕佹眰鏁欏笀鐨勮█琛屼妇姝㈢鍚堢ぞ浼氱殑琛屼负瑙勮寖锛屼綋鐜版暀鑲茶呯殑椋庤矊锛屾垚涓烘暀鑲...
绛旓細闄堥工鐞璇达細瀵瑰効绔ヨ鐑埍銆備竴涓儹鐖卞効绔ョ殑鏁欏笀锛屼粬鏄細鍏ㄥ績鍏ㄦ剰鍦颁负鍎跨璋嬪垢绂忥紝缁х画涓嶆柇鍦版敼杩涜嚜宸辩殑宸ヤ綔,骞煎効鏁欏笀鐨勭埍鏄辜鍎挎暀鑲茬殑鍩虹锛屾槸骞煎効鏁欏笀鑱屼笟閬撳痉鐨勭伒榄銆璇诲畬姝や功鎴戠殑鏀惰幏涓昏鏈変互涓嬩袱鐐癸細涓銆佸笀鐖辨槸瀵瑰辜鍎垮疄鏂界殑鏈濂借绋 骞煎効瀵逛簬鏁欒偛鑰呯殑...
绛旓細鎴戝浗钁楀悕鏁欒偛瀹闄堥工鐞村厛鐢鍦銆婃庢牱鍋氫汉姘戠殑骞绋氬洯鏁欏笀銆嬩竴鏂囦腑鍐欓亾:鈥滅儹鐖卞効绔ユ槸鍋氫竴涓紭鑹暀甯堢殑璧风爜鏉′欢銆傗濇墍浠ュ湪鎴戠殑鏁欒偛宸ヤ綔涓紝鎴戞椂鍒婚伒瀹堢潃鍚勭瑙勭珷鍒跺害锛屼緷娉曟墽鏁欙紝涓ユ牸閬靛畧銆婃暀甯堣亴涓氶亾寰疯鑼冦嬪拰銆婃暀鑲叉硶銆嬶紝閬靛畧鍥儴鐨勮绔犲埗搴︼紝涓ヨ皑鐨勫紑灞曟暀鑲叉暀瀛﹀伐浣溿備竴鐩翠负浜哄笀琛ㄥ湴妯¤寖鍦伴伒瀹堢ぞ浼氬叕寰凤紝瀹跺涵...
绛旓細鍦ㄨ瀹闄堥工鐞村厛鐢熺殑銆婃庢牱鍋骞肩鍥佸笀銆嬩竴涔︿箣鍚庯紝鎴戞劅瑙﹂娣憋紝閫氳鍏ㄦ枃锛屾垜鑳藉鎰熷彈鍒伴檲楣ょ惔鍏堢敓璁や负骞肩鍥佸笀鏈閲嶈鐨勫搧璐ㄥ氨鏄滅埍鈥濄 闄堥工鐞村厛鐢熻杩囷細瀵瑰効绔ヨ鐑埍锛屼竴涓儹鐖卞効绔ョ殑鏁欏笀锛屼粬鏄細鍏ㄥ績鍏ㄦ剰鐨勪负鍎跨璋嬪垢绂忥紝缁х画涓嶆柇鐨勬敼杩涜嚜宸辩殑宸ヤ綔锛屽辜鍎挎暀甯堢殑鐖辨槸骞煎効鏁欒偛鐨勫熀纭锛屾槸骞煎効鏁欏笀鑱屼笟閬...
绛旓細浣滀负涓鍚嶆暀鑲插伐浣滆,鎴戠湡鐨勯潪甯告劅璋闄堥工鐞村厛鐢缁欐垜浠暀涓嬩簡杩欐牱涓鏈滅涔庡叾鎶鈥濈殑鏁欒偛涓撹憲銆傛垜鏄竴鍚嶆柊鏁欏笀,铏界劧鍦ㄥぇ瀛﹁浜嗗洓骞村鍓嶆暀鑲蹭笓涓,浣嗙湡姝ｈ繘鍏ュ辜鍎垮洯,鎵鏈変簨鎯呴兘鏄粠闆跺璧,鐢变簬缂轰箯缁忛獙,鎴戠鍒颁簡璁稿闂銆傛瘡褰撳洶鎯戜笉瑙ｆ椂,鎴戜究浼氬幓缈婚槄銆婇檲楣ょ惔鏂囬泦銆,鎬昏兘鍙楀埌鍚彂銆傜壒鍒槸銆婃庢牱鍋氫汉姘戠殑骞绋氬洯鏁欏笀銆...
绛旓細鈥滃嚒鏄効绔ヨ嚜宸辫兘澶熸兂鐨勶紝搴斿綋璁╀粬鑷繁鎯斥濓紝鈥滈紦鍔卞効绔ュ幓鍙戠幇浠栬嚜宸辩殑涓栫晫鈥濓紝鈥滅Н鏋佺殑榧撳姳鑳滀簬娑堟瀬鐨勫埗瑁佲濄闄堥工鐞村厛鐢熺殑鈥滄椿鏁欒偛鈥濈悊璁虹殑涓夊ぇ鐩爣鏄細鈥鍋氫汉锛屽仛涓浗浜猴紝鍋氱幇浠ｄ腑鍥戒汉鈥濓紱鈥滃仛涓锛屽涓仛锛屽仛涓眰杩涙鈥濓紱鈥滃ぇ鑷劧銆佸ぇ绀句細閮芥槸娲绘暀鏉愨濄傚浠婅鏉ワ紝渚濈劧鎸亱鍙戣仼锛屼緷鐒堕鍏堜簬鏃朵唬...
绛旓細闄堥工鐞磋涓哄辜绋氭暀鑲叉槸浜虹敓鏈閲嶈鐨勬暀鑲,涔熸槸浜虹敓鏈閲嶈鐨勪竴涓暀鑲插巻绋嬨傚洜姝,鍋氫竴涓辜鍎挎暀甯,鍏朵换鍔℃槸鍗佸垎閲嶅ぇ鐨勩闄堥工鐞村厛鐢瀵瑰辜鍎挎暀甯堝簲鍏峰鐨勬潯浠惰繘琛屼簡璇︾粏鐨勮杩般 涓銆侀檲楣ょ惔鐪间腑鐨勫辜鍎挎暀甯堥檲楣ょ惔鍦ㄨ憲浣滈噷,灏ゅ叾鏄湪銆婃庢牱鍋氫汉姘戠殑骞绋氬洯鏁欏笀銆嬩竴鏂囦腑,瀵瑰辜鍎挎暀甯堝簲鏈夌殑璁よ瘑鍜屽簲璇ュ叿澶囩殑鏉′欢杩涜浜嗚缁嗙殑闃愯堪銆傞鍏,...
绛旓細銆傛暀甯堣亴涓氶渶瑕佹垜浠笉鏂湴杩芥眰鍜岃嚜鎴戣秴瓒娿備负浜嗕娇鑷繁鑳戒笉鏂繘姝ワ紝搴斿缁堝潥鎸佸涔犱笌鍙嶆濈浉缁撳悎銆備娇鑷繁鐨勪笟鍔℃按骞充笉鏂彁楂樸傗滀竴鏈ソ涔﹀氨鏄竴浣嶅ソ鑰佸笀鈥濓紝璇讳簡闄堥工鐞村厛鐢熺殑銆婃庢牱鍋灏忓鏁欏笀銆嬫垜娣卞彈鍚彂鍜岄紦鑸炪備粖鍚庡湪宸ヤ綔涓垜灏嗕互瀹冧负鏄庨暅姝ｈ█琛屼互瀹冧负鑸爣淇鑷繁鐨勬暀瀛︽柟鍚戜笉鏂帰绱㈣繘鍙栥
绛旓細涓.鎴戞槸涓浗浜 鐖卞浗涓讳箟鏁欒偛鏄竴涓垜浠暱涔呬互鏉ヤ竴鐩村湪鍋氾紝涔熸槸褰撲笅蹇呴』瑕佸仛鐨勪竴椤瑰伐浣滐紝瀵逛簬涓涓汉鏉ヨ锛屸滅埍鍥解濊繖涓鎰忚瘑濡傛灉鏄粠灏忓氨鏈夌殑锛岄偅瀵逛粬浠婂悗鑹ソ鐨勪汉鏍笺佷慨鍏荤殑褰㈡垚閮芥湁寰堝ぇ鐨勫府鍔┿闄堥工鐞村厛鐢鍦ㄦ彁鍒扳滃仛鐜颁唬涓浗浜衡濅腑鎻愬嚭锛氳鏈夊己澹殑韬綋;鏈夊垱閫犺兘鍔;鏈夊悎浣滅殑绮剧;鏈変负绀句細鏈嶅姟鐨勭儹鎯...
