用英语介绍饺子的起源与发展概况

1. Dumplings originated from ancient times and were first invented by Zhang Zhongjing, a doctor from Nanyang, China. This dish has a history of over 1,800 years.
2. Also known as dumplings, they are a staple food and local snack cherished by the Chinese people. Additionally, they are a traditional food for the New Year celebration. There is a folk song that says, "Big cold, little cold, eat dumplings for the New Year."
3. Typically, dumplings are made by boiling dough wrappers that encase a filling. The filling can vary, but common options include minced meat and vegetables.
4. The evolution of dumplings has seen them being referred to by various names throughout history, such as "jaoer," "bing shi," "jiao er," and "fen jiao." During the Three Kingdoms period, they were known as "yue ya hun tun," while during the Sui and Tang dynasties, they were called "yuan yue xing hun tun." In the Song Dynasty, they were known as "jiao zi," and during the Ming and Qing dynasties, they were referred to as "bian shi." Finally, in the Qing Dynasty, they were called "jiaozi."
5. The invention of dumplings is traditionally attributed to the famous physician Zhang Zhongjing during the Eastern Han Dynasty. He created a medicinal dish using dough wrappers and a filling to treat cold-related ailments, including frostbite on the ears.
6. The wrappers can be made from cold water and flour, and after kneading, the dough is divided into smaller pieces, rolled into圆长条, and then made into small wrappers. These wrappers are filled with a variety of ingredients, shaped into crescent or corner shapes, and cooked by boiling.
7. To cook dumplings, bring a pot of water to a boil and add the filled wrappers. Use a sieve or a ladle to stir the water in a circular motion to prevent sticking. Boil until the dumplings float to the surface, and they are ready to be served.
8. The dough for dumplings can also be made with steamed water, oil dough, or rice flour. The fillings can be either meat-based or vegetarian, sweet or savory. Cooking methods include steaming, frying, baking, or boiling, and common fillings include three treasures, shrimp, crab meat, seaweed, fish, chicken, pork, beef, and mutton.
9. Vegetarian fillings can be further categorized into mixed vegetable fillings and common vegetarian fillings. The unique feature of dumplings is their thin wrapper, tender filling, delicious taste, and distinctive shape, making them an enduringly popular dish.
10. The nutritional components of dumplings are well-rounded, and the steaming method ensures minimal loss of nutrients. They embody the essence of Chinese culinary culture in terms of color, aroma, taste, and texture. Dumplings are a traditional folk food with a long history and are highly favored by the general public. There is a saying that "nothing beats good dumplings," especially during the Spring Festival when they are an essential dish on the table.
11. The custom of eating dumplings on the Winter Solstice dates back to the time of Zhang Zhongjing, who was commemorated for his medical treatments on this day. Zhang, a native of Langdong, Nanyang, was the author of "Shang Han Za Lun" and was highly respected by physicians of subsequent generations. His famous phrase was, "In times of peace, I save the world; in times of war, I save the people. If I cannot be a good prime minister, I shall be a good doctor." During the Eastern Han Dynasty, he served as the governor of Changsha. He visited patients and dispensed medicine. Later, he quit his position and returned to his hometown to treat his neighbors. When he returned, it was winter, and he saw that many people along the Bai River were pale and thin, suffering from hunger and cold. Their ears were frostbitten. He instructed his disciples to set up a medical booth in the east of Nanyang and to cook medicine to treat frostbite. He boiled mutton and other cold-repelling herbs in a pot and then minced the mutton and herbs, stuffing them into bread shaped like ears, which he called "jiao er." After boiling, he distributed two "jiao er" and a large bowl of meat soup to each patient. After eating the "jiao er" and drinking the "cold-banishing soup," people felt warm all over, their ears grew hot, and their frostbitten ears were healed. People later imitated the shape of the "jiao er" to create a food item that we now call "dumplings" or "flat bread." Eating dumplings on the Winter Solstice is a way to remember Zhang Zhongjing's kindness in providing the "cold-banishing jiao er soup." To this day, in Nanyang, there is a folk song that goes, "If you don't eat dumplings on the Winter Solstice, your ears will freeze off and no one will care."

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