由石墨比金刚石稳定可知,C(金刚石,s)=C(石墨,s);△H<0。这种说法对吗?
对啊能量越低越稳定
由于石墨比金刚石稳定，可知金刚石能量大
变成能量低的石墨
必定要放热，故);△H<0
绛旓細瀵瑰晩 鑳介噺瓒婁綆瓒绋冲畾 鐢变簬鐭冲ⅷ姣旈噾鍒氱煶绋冲畾锛屽彲鐭ラ噾鍒氱煶鑳介噺澶 鍙樻垚鑳介噺浣庣殑鐭冲ⅷ 蹇呭畾瑕佹斁鐑紝鏁);鈻矵<0
绛旓細A銆鐭冲ⅷ姣旈噾鍒氱煶绋冲畾锛璇存槑鐭冲ⅷ鐨勬昏兘閲忓皬浜庨噾鍒氱煶鐨勬昏兘閲忥紝鍒欓噾鍒氱煶杞寲涓虹煶澧ㄦ斁鐑紝鏁匒姝ｇ‘锛汢銆丠2瀹屽叏鐕冪儳鐢熸垚鐨勭ǔ瀹氭哀鍖栫墿鏄恫鎬佹按锛孒2鐨勭噧鐑х儹涓衡柍H=-285.8 kJ?mol-1锛屾晠B閿欒锛汣銆佺噧鐑х儹鏄寚鍙噧鐗╁畬鍏ㄧ噧鐑х敓鎴愮ǔ瀹氱殑姘у寲鐗╂墍鏀惧嚭鐨勭儹閲忥紝搴旇鐢熸垚浜屾哀鍖栫⒊锛屾晠C閿欒锛汥銆佷腑鍜岀儹鍙槸閰哥⒈鍙嶅簲...
绛旓細A銆佽兘閲忚秺浣庤秺绋冲畾锛岀煶澧鑳介噺浣庯紝鍒C锛堥噾鍒氱煶锛s锛夆晲C锛堢煶澧紝s锛夆柍H锛0锛屾晠A閿欒锛汢銆佲柍H=Q锛堢敓鎴愮墿鐨勮兘閲忓拰锛-Q锛堝弽搴旂墿鐨勮兘閲忓拰锛夛紝涓庡弽搴旀潯浠躲佽繃绋嬫棤鍏筹紝鏁匓姝ｇ‘锛汣銆佹恫鎬佹按鎵鍚兘閲忔瘮姘斾綋姘村皯锛屸柍H=Q锛堢敓鎴愮墿鐨勮兘閲忓拰锛-Q锛堝弽搴旂墿鐨勮兘閲忓拰锛夛紝鎵浠ワ紝鐢熸垚娑叉佹按鏀惧嚭鐑噺澶氾紝鏁匔閿...
绛旓細鐭冲ⅷ姣旈噾鍒氱煶绋冲畾,璇ュ弽搴旀斁鐑.鎵浠ワ紝鐭冲ⅷ鍒堕噾鍒氱煶鏄惛鐑弽搴 C(鐭冲ⅷ)===C(閲戝垰鐭); 鈻矵 = +1.9kJ/mol
绛旓細鍒欒鏄閲戝垰鐭鎬昏兘閲忚緝澶э紝鐭冲ⅷ姣旈噾鍒氱煶绋冲畾锛屾晠A閿欒锛汢锛庣敱浠ヤ笂鍒嗘瀽鍙煡C锛坰銆佺煶澧級=C锛坰銆侀噾鍒氱煶锛夆柍H=+1.9 kJ/mol锛屾晠B姝ｇ‘锛汣锛庡簲鍙嶅簲鏀剧儹锛屽垯鈻矵锛0锛岄噾鍒氱煶鏀惧嚭鐨勭儹閲忓锛屽垯鏈夆柍H 1 锛炩柍H 2 锛屾晠C閿欒锛汥锛庡偓鍖栧墏涓嶆敼鍙樺弽搴旂儹鐨勫ぇ灏忥紝鏁匘閿欒锛庢晠閫塀锛
绛旓細鐭冲ⅷ姣旈噾鍒氱煶绋冲畾 鍙嶅簲C(鐭冲ⅷ)=C(閲戝垰鐭)涓哄惛鐑弽搴旓紝鐭冲ⅷ鍚告敹鑳介噺鎵嶈兘鍙樻垚閲戝垰鐭,鏁呴噾鍒氱煶鑳介噺姣旇緝楂橈紝鑰岀爺绌惰〃鏄庡悓绱犲紓褰綋涓紝鑳介噺瓒婁綆瓒婄ǔ瀹氥傜煶澧ㄧ殑鑳介噺浣庯紝鎵浠ョ煶澧ㄦ瘮閲戝垰鐭崇ǔ瀹氥傘愯ˉ鍏呫戠煶澧ㄦ槸灞傜姸缁撴瀯锛岀⒊鍘熷瓙鏄痵p2鏉傚寲锛屽舰鎴愭鍏竟褰紝姣忎釜灞傜姸缁撴瀯灏辨槸杩欎釜鍏竟褰㈡瀯鎴愶紝灞備笌灞備箣闂存槸鑼冨痉娉曞姏...
绛旓細鍥犱负鍚哥儹鍙嶅簲鐨勫疄璐ㄦ槸鍙嶅簲鐗╃殑鎬昏兘閲忎綆浜庣敓鎴愮墿鐨勬昏兘閲,鍙嶅簲C(鐭冲ⅷ)=C(閲戝垰鐭)涓哄惛鐑弽搴旇鏄庣煶澧ㄧ殑鑳介噺浣庝簬閲戝垰鐭崇殑鑳介噺,宸辩煡鐗╄川鎵鍚兘閲忚秺浣,鎬ц川瓒婁笉娲绘臣,瓒婄ǔ瀹;鐗╄川鎵鍚兘閲忚秺楂,鎬ц川瓒婃椿娉,瓒婁笉绋冲畾,鍥犳鐭冲ⅷ姣旈噾鍒氱煶绋冲畾.浠庢櫠浣撶粨鏋勭殑瑙掑害鍒嗘瀽,铏界劧鐭冲ⅷ鍜岄噾鍒氱煶涓,C閮藉舰鎴怌-C閿,浣嗙煶澧ㄤ腑...
绛旓細鑲畾鏄噾鍒氱煶鐨勮绋冲畾浜涳紝鍥犱负瀹冪殑浠烽敭鐭簺锛岃兘閲忛珮浜涖傚弽杩囨潵璁诧紝灏辨槸鍥犱负瀹冪殑鑳介噺楂樹簺鎵嶅舰鎴愪簡瀹冪殑濡備粖鐨勭粨鏋勩傝繖灏辩紦瑙ｄ簡閲戝垰鐭宠兘閲忓崌绾у悗鐨勪笉绋冲畾銆備粠鐭冲ⅷ鍒伴噾鍒氱煶锛岀敱涓涓ǔ鎬佸埌鍙︿竴涓ǔ鎬佺殑杩囩▼锛岀ǔ鎬佸害閫掑噺銆傜煶澧ㄤ笌閲戝垰鐭冲摢涓ǔ瀹 褰㈡垚鏅朵綋缁撴瀯闇瑕佽兘閲忋傘傛墍浠鐭冲ⅷ姣旈噾鍒氱煶绋冲畾 ...
绛旓細锛1锛変袱寮忕浉鍑忓氨鍙互浜嗭細C锛堥噾鍒氱煶锛宻) = C锛堢煶澧紝s) 鈻矵= - 1.9KJ/mol 鐭冲ⅷ鏇绋冲畾锛鍥犱负閲戝垰鐭宠浆鍖栨垚鐭冲ⅷ鏄斁鐑殑锛屽垯鐭冲ⅷ鐨勮兘閲姣旈噾鍒氱煶浣庯紝鑳介噺瓒婁綆瓒婄ǔ瀹氥(2)璁鹃噾鍒氱煶鍜岀煶澧ㄧ墿璐ㄧ殑閲忓垎鍒负x锛寉 x+y=1 395.41x + 393.51y =Q 鑱旂珛涓や釜鏂圭▼鍙В鍑猴細 x=锛圦-393.51...
绛旓細鐭冲ⅷ)=C(閲戝垰鐭)涓哄惛鐑弽搴旇鏄庣煶澧ㄧ殑鑳介噺浣庝簬閲戝垰鐭崇殑鑳介噺,宸辩煡鐗╄川鎵鍚兘閲忚秺浣,鎬ц川瓒婁笉娲绘臣,瓒婄ǔ瀹;鐗╄川鎵鍚兘閲忚秺楂,鎬ц川瓒婃椿娉,瓒婁笉绋冲畾,鍥犳鐭冲ⅷ姣旈噾鍒氱煶绋冲畾.3銆佷粠鏅朵綋缁撴瀯鐨勮搴﹀垎鏋,铏界劧鐭冲ⅷ鍜岄噾鍒氱煶涓,C閮藉舰鎴怌-C閿,浣嗙煶澧ㄤ腑鐨凜-C閿殑閿暱鐭,閿兘澶,涔熻鏄庣煶澧ㄦ瘮閲戝垰鐭崇ǔ瀹....
