奇零草自序翻译 《奇零草序》的全文翻译是什么？
\u5947\u96f6\u8349\u5e8f\u5168\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3000\u3000\u300a\u5947\u96f6\u8349\u300b \u5e8f\uff08\u6e05\uff09 \u59dc\u5bb8\u82f1 \u6ce8\u91ca\u53ca\u7ffb\u8bd1
\u3000\u3000[\u4f5c\u8005\u4ecb\u7ecd]\u59dc\u5bb8\u82f1\uff081628\uff5e1699\uff09\uff0c\u6d59\u6c5f\u6148\u6eaa\u4eba\u3002\u4e03\u5341\u5c81\u59cb\u4e3e\u8fdb\u58eb\u3002\u80fd\u8bd7\u6587\uff0c\u5e76\u5de5\u4e66\u6cd5\u7ed8\u753b\uff0c\u4e03\u5341\u5c81\u540e\u4f5c\u5c0f\u6977\u7cbe\u6e5b\uff0c\u4e0e\u7b2a\u91cd\u5149\u3001\u6c6a\u58eb\u9274\u3001\u4f55\u712f\u5e76\u79f0\u4e3a\u5eb7\u7199\u56db\u5bb6\u3002\u4e3a\u6e05\u4ee3\u5e16\u5b66\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u540e\u56e0\u79d1\u573a\u6848\u7275\u8fde\uff0c\u6b7b\u4e8e\u72f1\u4e2d\u3002\u66fe\u53c2\u9884\u300a\u660e\u53f2\u300b\u7e82\u4fee\uff0c\u7740\u6709\u300a\u6e5b\u56ed\u672a\u5b9a\u7a3f\u300b\u3001\u300a\u82c7\u95f4\u8bd7\u96c6\u300b\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u3000[\u6b63\u6587]\u4e88\u5f97\u6b64\u4e8e\u5b9a\u6d77[ 1] \uff0c \u547d\u8c22\u5b50\u5927\u5468\u949e\u522b\u672c\u4ee5\u5f52[ 2] \uff0c \u51e1\u4e94\u3001 \u4e03\u8a00\u8fd1\u4f53\u82e5\u5e72\u9996[ 3] \uff0c\u4eca\u4e45\u5931\u4e4b\u77e3\uff0c\u804a\u5fc6\u5176\u5927\u6982\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5e8f\u4ee5\u85cf\u4e4b\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u545c\u547c\uff01\u5929\u5730\u6666\u51a5\uff0c\u98ce\u973e\u663c\u585e[ 4] \uff0c \u5c71\u6cb3\u5931\u5e8f\uff0c \u800c\u6c89\u661f\u6b92\u6c14\u4e8e\u7a77\u8352\u7edd\u5c9b\u4e4b\u95f4[ 5] \uff0c\u72b9\u80fd\u65f6\u51fa\u5176\u5149\u7130\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6709\u76ee\u8005\u4e4b\u60b2\u559c\u800c\u5e78\u7779\u3002\u867d\u5176\u63dc\u6291\u4e8e\u4e00\u65f6[ 6] \uff0c \u7136\u8981\u4ee5\u4fdf\u4e4b\u767e\u4e16\uff0c \u867d\u6b32\u4f7f\u4e4b\u7ec8\u6666\u7109\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f97\u4e5f\u3002\u5ba2\u4e3a\u4e88\u8a00\uff1a \u201c\u516c\u5728\u884c\u95f4[ 7] \uff0c\u65e0\u65e5\u4e0d\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u6240\u9057\u96c6\u8fd1\u5341\u4f59\u79cd\uff0c \u4e3a\u903b\u5352\u53d6\u53bb[ 8] \uff0c \u6216\u6709\u6d41\u843d\u4eba\u95f4\u8005\u3002 \u6b64\u96c6\u662f\u5176\u7532\u8fb0\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c \u5c06\u89e3\u6563\u90e8\u4f0d\uff0c\u5f52\u9690\u4e8e\u843d\u8fe6\u5c71\u6240\u4f5c\u4e5f[ 9] \u3002 \u201d \u516c\u81ea\u7763\u5e08\uff0c \u672a\u5c1d\u53d7\u5f3a\u85e9\u8282\u5236[ 10] \uff0c \u53ca\u4e5d\u6c5f\u9041\u8fd8\uff0c \u6e10\u6709\u63a3\u65f6\uff0c \u59cb\u9091\u9091\u4e0d\u4e50[ 11] \u3002\u800c\u5176\u5f52\u9690\u4e8e\u6d77\u5357\u4e5f\uff0c\u81ea\u5236\u4e00\u6911\u7f6e\u5bfa\u4e2d[ 12] \uff0c \u5b9e\u7cae\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c \u4fdf\u7cae\u4e14\u5c3d\u6b7b\u3002\u95e8\u6709\u4e24\u733f\u5b88\u4e4b\uff0c \u6709\u8b66\uff0c \u733f\u5fc5\u8df3\u8e2f\u54c0\u9e23\u3002\u800c\u95f4\u4e4b\u81f3\u4e5f\uff0c\u4ece\u540e\u95e8\u5165[ 13] \u3002\u65e2\u88ab\u7f81\u4f1a\u57ce[ 14] \uff0c \u8fdc\u8fd1\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u4e0b\u53ca\u5e02\u4e95\u5c60\u8d29\u5356\u997c\u4e4b\u513f\uff0c \u65e0\u4e0d\u6301\u7eb8\u7d20\u81f3\u7f81\u6240\u4e89\u6c42\u7ff0\u58a8[ 15] \u3002\u5b88\u5352\u5229\u5176\u91d1\u94b1\uff0c \u559c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u4e5e\u3002\u516c\u968f\u624b\u6325\u6d12\u5e94\u4e4b\uff0c\u7686\u300a\u6b63\u6c14\u6b4c\u300b \u4e5f[ 16] \uff0c\u8bfb\u4e4b\u9c9c\u4e0d\u6ce3\u4e0b\u8005\u3002 \u72ec\u58eb\u5927\u592b\u5bb6\u6216\u9887\u754f\u85cf\u5176\u4e66\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e0d\u8be6\u3002\u4e0d\u77e5\u541b\u81e3\u7236\u5b50\u4e4b\u6027\uff0c \u6839\u4e8e\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u5f81\u4e8e\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u53d1\u4e8e\u6587\u7ae0\u3002 \u867d\u5386\u53d8\u60a3\uff0c\u903e\u4e0d\u53ef\u78e8\u706d\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5386\u89c2\u524d\u4ee3\uff0c\u6c88\u7ea6\u64b0\u300a\u5b8b\u4e66\u300b [ 17] \uff0c \u7591\u7acb\u300a\u8881\u7cb2\u4f20\u300b [ 18] \uff0c \u9f50\u6b66\u5e1d\u66f0[ 19] \uff1a \u201c\u7cb2\u81ea\u662f\u5b8b\u5fe0\u81e3\uff0c \u4f55\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\uff1f \u201d \u6b27\u9633\u4fee\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5468\u97e9\u901a\u7acb\u4f20[ 20] \uff0c \u541b\u5b50\u8ba5\u4e4b[ 21] \u3002 \u5143\u542c\u6e56\u5357\u4e3a\u5b8b\u81e3\u674e\u82be\u5efa\u7960[ 22] \uff0c \u660e\u957f\u9675\u4e0d\u7f6a\u85cf\u65b9\u5b5d\u5b7a\u4e66\u8005 [ 23] \uff0c \u6b64\u5e1d\u738b\u76db\u5fb7\u4e8b\u3002 \u4e3a\u4eba\u81e3\u5b50\u5904\u65e0\u8bb3\u4e4b\u671d\uff0c \u5b9c\u601d\u5f15\u541b\u5f53\u9053[ 24] \u3002 \u81e3\u5404\u4e3a\u5176\u4e3b\uff0c \u51e1\u4e00\u5207\u80dc\u56fd\u8bed\u8a00[ 25] \uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u907f\u5fcc\u3002\u4e88\u6b32\u7a0d\u6387\u62fe\u516c\u9057\u4e8b\uff0c \u6210\u4f20\u7565\u4e00\u5377\uff0c \u4ee5\u5907\u6566\u53f2\u4e4b\u6c42[ 26] \uff0c \u72b9\u60e7\u641c\u8bbf\u672a\u904d\uff0c \u5c06\u65e5\u5c31\u653e\u5931\u4e5f\u3002 \u60b2\u592b\uff01
\u3000\u3000[\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587]\u6211\u5728\u5b9a\u6d77\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u672c\u8bd7\u96c6\uff0c\u540d\u8c22\u5927\u5468\u53e6\u5916\u6284\u4e00\u672c\u5e26\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u6709\u4e94\u8a00\u3001\u4e03\u8a00\u5f8b\u8bd7\u548c\u7edd\u53e5\u82e5\u5e72\u9996\uff0c\u73b0\u4eca\u65e9\u5c31\u6563\u4f5a\u4e86\uff0c\u6682\u4e14\u56de\u5fc6\u5176\u5927\u6982\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5199\u4e0b\u5e8f\u8a00\u6536\u85cf\u8d77\u6765\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5509\uff01\u5929\u5730\u6666\u6697\uff0c\u5927\u98ce\u5939\u6742\u7740\u5c18\u571f\u906e\u853d\u4e86\u767d\u65e5\uff0c\u5c71\u6cb3\u98a0\u5012(\u56fd\u5bb6\u6613\u4e3b)\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u5728\u4e00\u504f\u50fb\u8352\u51c9\u7684\u5c0f\u5c9b\u4e4b\u4e0a\u6b7b\u53bb\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u7ecf\u5e38\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u56e0\u53d7\u538b\u5236\u800c\u88ab\u57cb\u6ca1\uff0c\u53ef\u8981\u7b49\u5230\u767e\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u60f3\u4f7f\u4ed6\u88ab\u538b\u6291\u57cb\u6ca1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5ba2\u4eba\u5bf9\u6211\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5f20\u516c\u771f\u5728\u884c\u4f0d\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u4e0d\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u6240\u9057\u5931\u7684\u8bd7\u96c6\u8fd1\u5341\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u88ab\u5de1\u903b\u770b\u5b88\u7684\u5175\u5352\u62ff\u53bb\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u6d41\u843d\u5230\u6c11\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u96c6\u5b50\u662f\u5728\u7532\u8fb0\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u8981\u89e3\u6563\u90e8\u961f\u5f52\u9690\u5230\u843d\u8fe6\u5c71\u4e4b\u65f6\u6240\u4f5c\u3002\u201d\u5f20\u516c\u81ea\u5df1\u62c5\u4efb\u7763\u5e08\uff0c\u672a\u66fe\u53d7\u90d1\u6210\u529f\u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ece\u4e5d\u6c5f\u6218\u8d25\u540e\uff0c\u6e10\u53d7\u90d1\u63a7\u5236\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5fe7\u90c1\u4e0d\u4e50\u3002\u4ed6\u5f52\u9690\u5230\u6d77\u5357\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u68fa\u6750\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u5bfa\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u68fa\u6750\u4e2d\u95f4\u7f6e\u653e\u7cae\u98df\uff0c\u7b49\u5230\u7cae\u98df\u5c06\u7528\u5c3d\u65f6\u6b7b\u53bb\u3002\u95e8\u53e3\u6709\u4e24\u53ea\u733f\u7334\u770b\u5b88\uff0c\u6bcf\u6709\u5371\u9669\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u733f\u7334\u5fc5\u5b9a\u8df3\u8dc3\u8e1f\u8e87\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f4f\u5730\u54c0\u9e23\u3002\u95f4\u8c0d\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u4ece\u540e\u95e8\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u3002\u5f20\u516c\u88ab\u7f81\u62bc\u5230\u676d\u5dde\u57ce\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fd1\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5e02\u4e95\u91cc\u7684\u5c60\u592b\u5546\u8d29\u5356\u997c\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0d\u62ff\u7740\u767d\u7eb8\u7d20\u7ee2\u5230\u5f20\u516c\u88ab\u5173\u62bc\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e89\u7740\u6c42\u53d6\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4e66\u6cd5\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u770b\u5b88\u5f20\u516c\u7684\u72f1\u5352\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5411\u5f20\u516c\u7d22\u8981\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u6536\u53d6\u94b1\u8d22\uff0c\u5c31\u4e50\u610f\u66ff\u8fd9\u4e9b\u767e\u59d3\u5411\u5f20\u516c\u4e5e\u8bf7\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u5f20\u516c\u4e00\u6325\u800c\u5c31\uff0c\u5199\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u50cf\u300a\u6b63\u6c14\u6b4c\u300b\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u575a\u8d1e\u4e0d\u5c48\u7684\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u8bfb\u6765\u5f88\u5c11\u4e0d\u6f78\u7136\u6cea\u4e0b\u7684\u3002\u60df\u72ec\u58eb\u5927\u592b\u5bb6\u6709\u4eba\u5f88\u662f\u754f\u60e7\u6536\u85cf\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u7965\u4e4b\u7269\u3002\u5374\u4e0d\u77e5\u541b\u81e3\u7236\u5b50\u4e4b\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u6839\u690d\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\uff0c\u5916\u73b0\u5728\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u503e\u6ce8\u5728\u6587\u5b57\u4e0a\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5386\u7ecf\u4e16\u4e8b\u53d8\u8fc1\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u78e8\u706d\u7684\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5386\u63fd\u524d\u671d\uff0c\u6c88\u7ea6\u4f5c\u300a\u5b8b\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u5199\u300a\u8881\u7cb2\u4f20\u300b\u6709\u6240\u72b9\u7591\uff0c\u9f50\u6b66\u5e1d\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8881\u7cb2\u662f\u5b8b\u671d\u7684\u5fe0\u81e3\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5462\uff1f\u201d\u6b27\u9633\u4fee\u4e0d\u66ff\u5468\u97e9\u901a\u4f5c\u4f20\uff0c\u541b\u5b50\u8ba5\u7b11\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002\u5143\u671d\u542c\u4efb\u6e56\u5357\u4e3a\u5b8b\u671d\u5927\u81e3\u674e\u82be\u5efa\u7acb\u7960\u5802\uff0c\u660e\u6210\u7956\u4e0d\u602a\u7f6a\u6536\u85cf\u65b9\u5b5d\u5b7a\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5e1d\u738b\u76db\u5927\u7684\u54c1\u5fb7\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81e3\u5b50\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u7981\u5fcc\u907f\u8bb3\u7684\u671d\u4ee3\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u60f3\u7740\u5f15\u5bfc\u56fd\u541b\u5904\u4e8b\u5408\u4e8e\u4e8b\u7406\u3002\u81e3\u5b50\u5404\u4e3a\u5176\u4e3b\uff0c\u5927\u51e1\u6240\u6709\u7684\u660e\u4ee3\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u907f\u8bb3\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u7740\u7a0d\u7a0d\u6574\u7406\u5f20\u516c\u7684\u9038\u95fb\u9038\u4e8b\uff0c\u5199\u6210\u4e00\u5377\u4f20\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u5907\u5fe0\u5b9e\u800c\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u53f2\u5b98\u6c42\u53d6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u754f\u60e7\u641c\u8bbf\u4e0d\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u5c06\u8981\u4e00\u5929\u5929\u5730\u6563\u5931\u3002\u53ef\u60b2\u554a\uff01
\u3000\u3000[\u6ce8\u91ca][ 1] \u5b9a\u6d77\uff1a\u4eca\u6d59\u6c5f\u5b9a\u6d77\u53bf\u3002 [ 2] \u8c22\u5b50\u5927\u5468\uff1a \u8c22\u5927\u5468\uff0c \u751f\u5e73\u4e8b\u8ff9\u4e0d\u8be6\u3002 \u949e\u522b\u672c\uff1a \u53e6\u5916\u6284\u4e00\u672c\u3002 [ 3] \u8fd1\u4f53\uff1a \u8fd1\u4f53\u8bd7\uff0c \u6307\u5f8b\u8bd7\u548c\u7edd\u53e5\u3002 [ 4] \u98ce\u973e\uff08m\u00e1i\uff09\u663c\u585e\uff1a \u5927\u98ce\u5939\u6742\u7740\u5c18\u571f\u906e\u853d\u4e86\u767d\u65e5\u3002 \u973e\uff0c \u5927\u98ce\u6742\u5c18\u571f\u800c\u4e0b\u3002 [ 5] \u201c\u800c\u6c89\u661f\u201d \u53e5\uff1a \u55bb\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u7684\u727a\u7272\u3002 [ 6] \u63dc\uff08y\u01cen\uff09 \u6291\uff1a\u56e0\u53d7\u538b\u5236\u800c\u57cb\u6ca1\u3002 [ 7] \u884c\u95f4\uff1a \u884c\u4f0d\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002 [ 8] \u903b\u5352\uff1a \u6307\u5de1\u903b\u770b\u5b88\u7684\u5175\u5352\u3002 [ 9] \u201c\u6b64\u96c6\u201d \u4e09\u53e5\uff1a\u7532\u8fb0\uff0c\u6307\u5eb7\u7199\u4e09\u5e74\uff081664\uff09 \u3002 \u843d\u8fe6\u5c71\uff1a \u5373\u666e\u9640\u5c71\uff0c \u5728\u6d59\u6c5f\u5b9a\u6d77\u53bf\uff08\u4eca\u821f\u5c71\u5e02\uff09\u4e1c\u6d77\u4e2d\u3002 \u6309\uff1a\u7532\u8fb0\u4e3a\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u5c31\u4e49\u4e4b\u5e74\uff0c\u975e\u89e3\u6563\u90e8\u4f0d\u5f52\u9690\u4e4b\u5e74\u3002\u636e\u300a\u5947\u96f6\u8349\u300b \u81ea\u5e8f\uff0c \u8bd7\u96c6\u7f16\u4e8e\u58ec\u5bc5\u5e74\uff081662\uff09 \u3002 \u53c8\u636e\u5434\u4f1f\u4e1a\u300a\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u6b89\u8282\u59cb\u672b\u300b\uff0c\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u5f52\u9690\u4e8e\u60ac\u5c7f\u5c9b\uff08\u4e00\u4f5c\u60ac\u5c99\u3002\u5728\u6d59\u6c5f\u8c61\u5c71\u53bf\u5357\u9762\u6d77\u4e2d\uff09 \uff0c\u56e0\u4e4f\u98df\uff0c \u9063\u4eba\u81f3\u666e\u9640\u544a\u7c74\uff0c \u8e2a\u8ff9\u59cb\u9732\u3002 [ 10] \u5f3a\u85e9\uff1a \u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u90d1\u6210\u529f\u3002 [ 11] \u201c\u53ca\u4e5d\u6c5f\u9041\u8fd8\u201d \u4e09\u53e5\uff1a \u987a\u6cbb\u5341\u516d\u5e74\uff081659\uff09 \uff0c \u90d1\u6210\u529f\u4ece\u91d1\u95e8\u7387\u5e08\u5317\u4f10\uff0c \u4ee5\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u6240\u90e8\u4e3a\u524d\u950b\uff0c \u8fde\u7eed\u653b\u4e0b\u5e9c\u3001\u5dde\u91cd\u9547\uff0c\u76f4\u62b5\u91d1\u9675\u57ce\u4e0b\u3002\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u672c\u62df\u6325\u5e08\u76f4\u53d6\u4e5d\u6c5f\uff0c \u4f46\u90d1\u6210\u529f\u5728\u91d1\u9675\u6218\u8d25\uff0c \u64a4\u519b\u5165\u6d77\u3002 \u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u5b64\u519b\u65e0\u63f4\uff0c \u4e5f\u6218\u8d25\u4e8e\u5b89\u5fbd\u94dc\u9675\uff0c\u5316\u88c5\u6f5c\u8fd4\u821f\u5c71\u3002\u5176\u540e\u90d1\u6210\u529f\u6536\u590d\u53f0\u6e7e\uff0c\u5175\u52bf\u590d\u632f\u3002 \u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u9063\u4f7f\u529d\u90d1\u6210\u529f\u518d\u51fa\u5e08\u5317\u4f10\uff0c \u90d1\u672a\u540c\u610f\u3002 \u201c\u63a3\u8098\u201d \u5f53\u6307\u6b64\u4e8b\u3002 \u9091\u9091\uff1a\u5fe7\u90c1\u4e0d\u4e50\u7684\u6837\u5b50\u3002\u5b57\u901a\u201c\u6092\u6092\u201d \u3002 [ 12] \u6911\uff08b\u00ec\uff09 \uff1a \u6700\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u5c42\u68fa\uff0c \u8fd9\u91cc\u5373\u6307\u68fa\u6750\u3002 [ 13] \u201c\u95e8\u6709\u4e24\u733f\u201d \u4e94\u53e5\uff1a\u300a\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u6b89\u8282\u59cb\u672b\u300b\u8bf4\uff1a \u201c\u53c8\u755c\u53cc\u733f\uff0c \u4ee5\u5019\u52a8\u9759\u3002\u821f\u672a\u81f3\u4e8c\u5341\u91cc\uff0c \u5373\u733f\u9e23\u6728\u676a\u3002 \u2026\u2026\u65e7\u6821\u67d0\u5229\u8d4f\uff0c \u4ee5\u591c\u534a\u4ece\u5c71\u540e\u60ac\u85e4\u903e\u5cad\u800c\u5165\uff0c\u6267\u5f52\u5b81\u6ce2\u3002 \u201d \u95f4\uff1a\u95f4\u8c0d\u3002 [ 14] \u4f1a\u57ce\uff1a \u7701\u4f1a\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u676d\u5dde\u3002 [ 15] \u7d20\uff1a \u767d\u8272\u751f\u7ee2\u3002 [ 16] \u300a\u6b63\u6c14\u6b4c\u300b \uff1a\u5b8b\u4ee3\u6587\u5929\u7965\u88ab\u5143\u519b\u6240\u4fd8\uff0c\u88ab\u56da\u71d5\u4eac\uff0c \u4f5c\u300a\u6b63\u6c14\u6b4c\u300b \uff0c \u4e0d\u5c48\u800c\u6b7b\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u6240\u5199\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u50cf\u300a\u6b63\u6c14\u6b4c\u300b\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u575a\u8d1e\u4e0d\u5c48\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u3002 [ 17] \u6c88\u7ea6\uff1a\u5357\u671d\u6881\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\u517c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c \u5b57\u4f11\u6587\uff0c \u5386\u4efb\u5b8b\u3001 \u9f50\u3001 \u6881\u3002\u4f5c\u6709\u300a\u5b8b\u4e66\u300b \u4e00\u767e\u5377\uff0c \u4eca\u4f20\u4e8e\u4e16\uff0c \u4e3a\u201c\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u53f2\u201d \u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 [ 18] \u300a\u8881\u7cb2\u4f20\u300b \uff1a \u4eca\u300a\u5b8b\u4e66\u300b \u5377\u516b\u5341\u4e5d\u6709\u4f20\u3002 \u8881\u7cb2\uff0c \u5b57\u666f\u5029\uff0c\u9648\u90e1\u9633\u590f\uff08\u4eca\u6cb3\u5357\u592a\u5eb7\uff09 \u4eba\u3002 \u5b8b\u65f6\u5b98\u81f3\u4e2d\u4e66\u76d1\u3001 \u53f8\u5f92\uff0c\u547d\u9547\u77f3\u5934\uff08\u4eca\u5357\u4eac\uff09\u3002 \u8427\u9053\u6210\u8c0b\u4ee3\u5b8b\u81ea\u7acb\uff0c \u4ed6\u62df\u53d1\u5175\u8bdb\u9053\u6210\uff0c\u4e8b\u6cc4\u88ab\u6740\u3002\u6545\u6c88\u7ea6\u5728\u9f50\u6b66\u5e1d\u6c38\u660e\u4e2d\u5949\u8bcf\u64b0\u300a\u5b8b\u4e66\u300b \u65f6\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u8881\u7cb2\u7acb\u4f20\u6709\u6240\u72b9\u7591\u3002 [ 19] \u9f50\u6b66\u5e1d\uff1a\u9f50\u9ad8\u5e1d\u8427\u9053\u6210\u4e4b\u5b50\u8427\u8d5c\u3002 [ 20] \u201c\u6b27\u9633\u4fee\u201d \u53e5\uff1a \u6b27\u9633\u4fee\uff0c \u5b8b\u4ee3\u8457\u540d\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c \u5176\u6240\u64b0\u300a\u4e94\u4ee3\u53f2\u8bb0\u300b\uff08\u5373\u300a\u65b0\u4e94\u4ee3\u53f2\u300b \uff09\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4e3a\u540e\u5468\u7684\u97e9\u901a\u7acb\u4f20\u3002 \u97e9\u901a\uff0c\u5468\u606d\u5e1d\u65f6\u4e3a\u4f8d\u536b\u4eb2\u519b\u9a6c\u6b65\u519b\u526f\u90fd\u6307\u6325\u4f7f\u3002 \u8d75\u5321\u80e4\u9648\u6865\u5175\u53d8\uff0c \u5e9f\u5468\u81ea\u7acb\uff0c\u97e9\u901a\u6b32\u7387\u519b\u62b5\u6297\uff0c\u88ab\u5bb3\u3002 [ 21] \u541b\u5b50\u8ba5\u4e4b\uff1a \u738b\u8302\u300a\u91ce\u5ba2\u4e1b\u4e66\u300b\u6240\u9644\u300a\u91ce\u8001\u7eaa\u95fb\u300b \u8bf4\uff1a \u201c\u5b50\u77bb\uff08\u82cf\u8f7c\uff09 \u95ee\u6b27\u9633\u516c\u66f0\uff1a \u2018\u300a\u4e94\u4ee3\u53f2\u300b\u53ef\u4f20\u540e\u4e5f\u4e4e\uff1f \u2019 \u516c\u66f0\uff1a \u2018\u4fee\u4e8e\u6b64\u7a83\u6709\u5584\u5584\u6076\u6076\u4e4b\u5fd7\u3002 \u2019 \u82cf\u516c\u66f0\uff1a \u2018\u97e9\u901a\u65e0\u4f20\uff0c \u6076\u5f97\u4e3a\u5584\u5584\u6076\u6076\uff1f \u2019 \u516c\u9ed8\u7136\u3002 \u201d [ 22] \u674e\u82be\uff1a \u5b57\u53d4\u7ae0\uff0c\u5b8b\u672b\u4efb\u6e56\u5357\u5b89\u629a\u4f7f\u3002 \u5143\u963f\u91cc\u6d77\u6daf\u7834\u6f6d\u5dde\uff08\u4eca\u957f\u6c99\u5e02\uff09 \uff0c\u4e00\u65cf\u6b7b\u8282\u3002 [ 23] \u957f\u9675\uff1a \u4e3a\u660e\u6210\u7956\u6731\u68e3\u7684\u9675\u5893\uff0c\u56e0\u4ee5\u79f0\u6210\u7956\u3002 \u6731\u68e3\u539f\u5c01\u71d5\u738b\uff0c\u9a7b\u5b88\u5317\u5e73\uff0c \u540e\u7387\u519b\u5357\u4e0b\uff0c \u653b\u706d\u5efa\u6587\u5e1d\uff0c\u547d\u65b9\u5b5d\u5b7a\u8349\u8bcf\u544a\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c \u7531\u4ed6\u7ee7\u4f4d\uff0c \u65b9\u6297\u547d\u4e0d\u4f5c\uff0c \u88ab\u6740\u3002\u636e\u300a\u660e\u53f2\u65b9\u5b5d\u5b7a\u4f20\u300b \uff1a \u201c\u6c38\u4e50\uff08\u660e\u6210\u7956\u5e74\u53f7\uff09 \u4e2d\uff0c \u85cf\u5b5d\u5b7a\u6587\u8005\u7f6a\u81f3\u6b7b\u3002 \u201d \u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bf4\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c \u672a\u77e5\u4f55\u636e\u3002 [ 24] \u5f15\u541b\u5f53\u9053\uff1a\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u544a\u5b50\u4e0b\u300b \uff1a \u201c\u541b\u5b50\u4e4b\u4e8b\u541b\u4e5f\uff0c \u52a1\u5f15\u5176\u541b\u4ee5\u5f53\u9053\u3002 \u201d \u5f53\u9053\uff1a \u8c13\u5408\u4e8e\u4e8b\u7406\u3002 [ 25] \u80dc\u56fd\uff1a \u88ab\u706d\u4ea1\u4e4b\u56fd\u3002 \u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u660e\u4ee3\u3002 [ 26] \u6566\u53f2\uff1a\u6307\u5fe0\u5b9e\u800c\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u53f2\u5b98\u3002
\u3000\u3000[\u6587\u7ae0\u89e3\u8bf4\u3011\u672c\u6587\u9009\u81ea\u300a\u6e5b\u56ed\u672a\u5b9a\u7a3f\u300b \u5377\u4e8c\u3002 \u300a\u5947\u96f6\u8349\u300b\u662f\u660e\u672b\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u7684\u8bd7\u96c6\u3002 \u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u300a\u5e8f\u300b \u4e2d\u8bf4\u53d6\u540d\u201c\u5947\u96f6\u201d \u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u201c\u662f\u5e19\u96f6\u843d\u51cb\u4ea1\uff0c\u5df2\u975e\u5168\u8c79\u201d \uff0c \u4e8c\u662f\u201c\u8b6c\u72b9\u5175\u5bb6\u63e1\u5947\u4e4b\u4f59\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e91\u4f59\u884c\u95f4\u4e4b\u4f5c\u4e5f\u201d \u3002 \u5175\u5bb6\u6709\u300a\u63e1\u5947\u7ecf\u300b \uff0c \u4ea6\u4f5c\u300a\u5e44\u673a\u7ecf\u300b \uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u8c13\u5199\u4e8e\u519b\u4e2d\u4e4b\u610f\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\uff0c \u5b57\u7384\u8457\uff0c \u53f7\u82cd\u6c34\uff0c \u6d59\u6c5f\u911e\u53bf\u4eba\u3002\u660e\u5d07\u796f\u4e3e\u4eba\u3002 \u6e05\u5175\u5357\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c61\u6b21\u4e3e\u5175\u6297\u6e05\uff0c \u540e\u56e0\u4f17\u5be1\u4e0d\u654c\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u89e3\u6563\u961f\u4f0d\uff0c \u9690\u5c45\u6d77\u5c9b\uff0c\u88ab\u4fd8\uff0c \u4e0d\u5c48\u6b7b\u3002 \u300a\u5947\u96f6\u8349\u300b \u4e5f\u88ab\u5217\u4e3a\u7981\u4e66\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c \u59dc\u5bb8\u82f1\u6562\u4e8e\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f5c\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd8\u70ed\u70c8\u5730\u8d5e\u626c\u4e86\u8fd9\u90e8\u8bd7\u96c6\u7684\u5149\u8f89\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5927\u80c6\u80af\u5b9a\u4e86\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u4e1a\u7ee9\uff0c \u8fd9\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u52c7\u6562\u7684\u58ee\u4e3e\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5e0c\u671bLZ\u91c7\u7eb3\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u300a\u5947\u96f6\u8349\u300b \u5e8f\uff08\u6e05\uff09 \u59dc\u5bb8\u82f1 \u6ce8\u91ca\u53ca\u7ffb\u8bd1
\u3000\u3000[\u4f5c\u8005\u4ecb\u7ecd]\u59dc\u5bb8\u82f1\uff081628\uff5e1699\uff09\uff0c\u6d59\u6c5f\u6148\u6eaa\u4eba\u3002\u4e03\u5341\u5c81\u59cb\u4e3e\u8fdb\u58eb\u3002\u80fd\u8bd7\u6587\uff0c\u5e76\u5de5\u4e66\u6cd5\u7ed8\u753b\uff0c\u4e03\u5341\u5c81\u540e\u4f5c\u5c0f\u6977\u7cbe\u6e5b\uff0c\u4e0e\u7b2a\u91cd\u5149\u3001\u6c6a\u58eb\u9274\u3001\u4f55\u712f\u5e76\u79f0\u4e3a\u5eb7\u7199\u56db\u5bb6\u3002\u4e3a\u6e05\u4ee3\u5e16\u5b66\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u540e\u56e0\u79d1\u573a\u6848\u7275\u8fde\uff0c\u6b7b\u4e8e\u72f1\u4e2d\u3002\u66fe\u53c2\u9884\u300a\u660e\u53f2\u300b\u7e82\u4fee\uff0c\u7740\u6709\u300a\u6e5b\u56ed\u672a\u5b9a\u7a3f\u300b\u3001\u300a\u82c7\u95f4\u8bd7\u96c6\u300b\u7b49\u3002
\u3000\u3000[\u6b63\u6587]\u4e88\u5f97\u6b64\u4e8e\u5b9a\u6d77[ 1] \uff0c \u547d\u8c22\u5b50\u5927\u5468\u949e\u522b\u672c\u4ee5\u5f52[ 2] \uff0c \u51e1\u4e94\u3001 \u4e03\u8a00\u8fd1\u4f53\u82e5\u5e72\u9996[ 3] \uff0c\u4eca\u4e45\u5931\u4e4b\u77e3\uff0c\u804a\u5fc6\u5176\u5927\u6982\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5e8f\u4ee5\u85cf\u4e4b\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u545c\u547c\uff01\u5929\u5730\u6666\u51a5\uff0c\u98ce\u973e\u663c\u585e[ 4] \uff0c \u5c71\u6cb3\u5931\u5e8f\uff0c \u800c\u6c89\u661f\u6b92\u6c14\u4e8e\u7a77\u8352\u7edd\u5c9b\u4e4b\u95f4[ 5] \uff0c\u72b9\u80fd\u65f6\u51fa\u5176\u5149\u7130\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6709\u76ee\u8005\u4e4b\u60b2\u559c\u800c\u5e78\u7779\u3002\u867d\u5176\u63dc\u6291\u4e8e\u4e00\u65f6[ 6] \uff0c \u7136\u8981\u4ee5\u4fdf\u4e4b\u767e\u4e16\uff0c \u867d\u6b32\u4f7f\u4e4b\u7ec8\u6666\u7109\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f97\u4e5f\u3002\u5ba2\u4e3a\u4e88\u8a00\uff1a \u201c\u516c\u5728\u884c\u95f4[ 7] \uff0c\u65e0\u65e5\u4e0d\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u6240\u9057\u96c6\u8fd1\u5341\u4f59\u79cd\uff0c \u4e3a\u903b\u5352\u53d6\u53bb[ 8] \uff0c \u6216\u6709\u6d41\u843d\u4eba\u95f4\u8005\u3002 \u6b64\u96c6\u662f\u5176\u7532\u8fb0\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c \u5c06\u89e3\u6563\u90e8\u4f0d\uff0c\u5f52\u9690\u4e8e\u843d\u8fe6\u5c71\u6240\u4f5c\u4e5f[ 9] \u3002 \u201d \u516c\u81ea\u7763\u5e08\uff0c \u672a\u5c1d\u53d7\u5f3a\u85e9\u8282\u5236[ 10] \uff0c \u53ca\u4e5d\u6c5f\u9041\u8fd8\uff0c \u6e10\u6709\u63a3\u65f6\uff0c \u59cb\u9091\u9091\u4e0d\u4e50[ 11] \u3002\u800c\u5176\u5f52\u9690\u4e8e\u6d77\u5357\u4e5f\uff0c\u81ea\u5236\u4e00\u6911\u7f6e\u5bfa\u4e2d[ 12] \uff0c \u5b9e\u7cae\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c \u4fdf\u7cae\u4e14\u5c3d\u6b7b\u3002\u95e8\u6709\u4e24\u733f\u5b88\u4e4b\uff0c \u6709\u8b66\uff0c \u733f\u5fc5\u8df3\u8e2f\u54c0\u9e23\u3002\u800c\u95f4\u4e4b\u81f3\u4e5f\uff0c\u4ece\u540e\u95e8\u5165[ 13] \u3002\u65e2\u88ab\u7f81\u4f1a\u57ce[ 14] \uff0c \u8fdc\u8fd1\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u4e0b\u53ca\u5e02\u4e95\u5c60\u8d29\u5356\u997c\u4e4b\u513f\uff0c \u65e0\u4e0d\u6301\u7eb8\u7d20\u81f3\u7f81\u6240\u4e89\u6c42\u7ff0\u58a8[ 15] \u3002\u5b88\u5352\u5229\u5176\u91d1\u94b1\uff0c \u559c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u4e5e\u3002\u516c\u968f\u624b\u6325\u6d12\u5e94\u4e4b\uff0c\u7686\u300a\u6b63\u6c14\u6b4c\u300b \u4e5f[ 16] \uff0c\u8bfb\u4e4b\u9c9c\u4e0d\u6ce3\u4e0b\u8005\u3002 \u72ec\u58eb\u5927\u592b\u5bb6\u6216\u9887\u754f\u85cf\u5176\u4e66\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e0d\u8be6\u3002\u4e0d\u77e5\u541b\u81e3\u7236\u5b50\u4e4b\u6027\uff0c \u6839\u4e8e\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u5f81\u4e8e\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u53d1\u4e8e\u6587\u7ae0\u3002 \u867d\u5386\u53d8\u60a3\uff0c\u903e\u4e0d\u53ef\u78e8\u706d\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5386\u89c2\u524d\u4ee3\uff0c\u6c88\u7ea6\u64b0\u300a\u5b8b\u4e66\u300b [ 17] \uff0c \u7591\u7acb\u300a\u8881\u7cb2\u4f20\u300b [ 18] \uff0c \u9f50\u6b66\u5e1d\u66f0[ 19] \uff1a \u201c\u7cb2\u81ea\u662f\u5b8b\u5fe0\u81e3\uff0c \u4f55\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\uff1f \u201d \u6b27\u9633\u4fee\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5468\u97e9\u901a\u7acb\u4f20[ 20] \uff0c \u541b\u5b50\u8ba5\u4e4b[ 21] \u3002 \u5143\u542c\u6e56\u5357\u4e3a\u5b8b\u81e3\u674e\u82be\u5efa\u7960[ 22] \uff0c \u660e\u957f\u9675\u4e0d\u7f6a\u85cf\u65b9\u5b5d\u5b7a\u4e66\u8005 [ 23] \uff0c \u6b64\u5e1d\u738b\u76db\u5fb7\u4e8b\u3002 \u4e3a\u4eba\u81e3\u5b50\u5904\u65e0\u8bb3\u4e4b\u671d\uff0c \u5b9c\u601d\u5f15\u541b\u5f53\u9053[ 24] \u3002 \u81e3\u5404\u4e3a\u5176\u4e3b\uff0c \u51e1\u4e00\u5207\u80dc\u56fd\u8bed\u8a00[ 25] \uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u907f\u5fcc\u3002\u4e88\u6b32\u7a0d\u6387\u62fe\u516c\u9057\u4e8b\uff0c \u6210\u4f20\u7565\u4e00\u5377\uff0c \u4ee5\u5907\u6566\u53f2\u4e4b\u6c42[ 26] \uff0c \u72b9\u60e7\u641c\u8bbf\u672a\u904d\uff0c \u5c06\u65e5\u5c31\u653e\u5931\u4e5f\u3002 \u60b2\u592b\uff01
\u3000\u3000[\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587]\u6211\u5728\u5b9a\u6d77\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u672c\u8bd7\u96c6\uff0c\u540d\u8c22\u5927\u5468\u53e6\u5916\u6284\u4e00\u672c\u5e26\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u6709\u4e94\u8a00\u3001\u4e03\u8a00\u5f8b\u8bd7\u548c\u7edd\u53e5\u82e5\u5e72\u9996\uff0c\u73b0\u4eca\u65e9\u5c31\u6563\u4f5a\u4e86\uff0c\u6682\u4e14\u56de\u5fc6\u5176\u5927\u6982\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5199\u4e0b\u5e8f\u8a00\u6536\u85cf\u8d77\u6765\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5509\uff01\u5929\u5730\u6666\u6697\uff0c\u5927\u98ce\u5939\u6742\u7740\u5c18\u571f\u906e\u853d\u4e86\u767d\u65e5\uff0c\u5c71\u6cb3\u98a0\u5012(\u56fd\u5bb6\u6613\u4e3b)\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u5728\u4e00\u504f\u50fb\u8352\u51c9\u7684\u5c0f\u5c9b\u4e4b\u4e0a\u6b7b\u53bb\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u7ecf\u5e38\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u56e0\u53d7\u538b\u5236\u800c\u88ab\u57cb\u6ca1\uff0c\u53ef\u8981\u7b49\u5230\u767e\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u60f3\u4f7f\u4ed6\u88ab\u538b\u6291\u57cb\u6ca1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5ba2\u4eba\u5bf9\u6211\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5f20\u516c\u771f\u5728\u884c\u4f0d\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u4e0d\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u6240\u9057\u5931\u7684\u8bd7\u96c6\u8fd1\u5341\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u88ab\u5de1\u903b\u770b\u5b88\u7684\u5175\u5352\u62ff\u53bb\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u6d41\u843d\u5230\u6c11\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u96c6\u5b50\u662f\u5728\u7532\u8fb0\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u8981\u89e3\u6563\u90e8\u961f\u5f52\u9690\u5230\u843d\u8fe6\u5c71\u4e4b\u65f6\u6240\u4f5c\u3002\u201d\u5f20\u516c\u81ea\u5df1\u62c5\u4efb\u7763\u5e08\uff0c\u672a\u66fe\u53d7\u90d1\u6210\u529f\u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ece\u4e5d\u6c5f\u6218\u8d25\u540e\uff0c\u6e10\u53d7\u90d1\u63a7\u5236\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5fe7\u90c1\u4e0d\u4e50\u3002\u4ed6\u5f52\u9690\u5230\u6d77\u5357\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u68fa\u6750\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u5bfa\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u68fa\u6750\u4e2d\u95f4\u7f6e\u653e\u7cae\u98df\uff0c\u7b49\u5230\u7cae\u98df\u5c06\u7528\u5c3d\u65f6\u6b7b\u53bb\u3002\u95e8\u53e3\u6709\u4e24\u53ea\u733f\u7334\u770b\u5b88\uff0c\u6bcf\u6709\u5371\u9669\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u733f\u7334\u5fc5\u5b9a\u8df3\u8dc3\u8e1f\u8e87\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f4f\u5730\u54c0\u9e23\u3002\u95f4\u8c0d\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u4ece\u540e\u95e8\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u3002\u5f20\u516c\u88ab\u7f81\u62bc\u5230\u676d\u5dde\u57ce\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fd1\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5e02\u4e95\u91cc\u7684\u5c60\u592b\u5546\u8d29\u5356\u997c\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0d\u62ff\u7740\u767d\u7eb8\u7d20\u7ee2\u5230\u5f20\u516c\u88ab\u5173\u62bc\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e89\u7740\u6c42\u53d6\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4e66\u6cd5\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u770b\u5b88\u5f20\u516c\u7684\u72f1\u5352\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5411\u5f20\u516c\u7d22\u8981\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u6536\u53d6\u94b1\u8d22\uff0c\u5c31\u4e50\u610f\u66ff\u8fd9\u4e9b\u767e\u59d3\u5411\u5f20\u516c\u4e5e\u8bf7\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u5f20\u516c\u4e00\u6325\u800c\u5c31\uff0c\u5199\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u50cf\u300a\u6b63\u6c14\u6b4c\u300b\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u575a\u8d1e\u4e0d\u5c48\u7684\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u8bfb\u6765\u5f88\u5c11\u4e0d\u6f78\u7136\u6cea\u4e0b\u7684\u3002\u60df\u72ec\u58eb\u5927\u592b\u5bb6\u6709\u4eba\u5f88\u662f\u754f\u60e7\u6536\u85cf\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u7965\u4e4b\u7269\u3002\u5374\u4e0d\u77e5\u541b\u81e3\u7236\u5b50\u4e4b\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u6839\u690d\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\uff0c\u5916\u73b0\u5728\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u503e\u6ce8\u5728\u6587\u5b57\u4e0a\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5386\u7ecf\u4e16\u4e8b\u53d8\u8fc1\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u78e8\u706d\u7684\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5386\u63fd\u524d\u671d\uff0c\u6c88\u7ea6\u4f5c\u300a\u5b8b\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u5199\u300a\u8881\u7cb2\u4f20\u300b\u6709\u6240\u72b9\u7591\uff0c\u9f50\u6b66\u5e1d\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8881\u7cb2\u662f\u5b8b\u671d\u7684\u5fe0\u81e3\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5462\uff1f\u201d\u6b27\u9633\u4fee\u4e0d\u66ff\u5468\u97e9\u901a\u4f5c\u4f20\uff0c\u541b\u5b50\u8ba5\u7b11\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002\u5143\u671d\u542c\u4efb\u6e56\u5357\u4e3a\u5b8b\u671d\u5927\u81e3\u674e\u82be\u5efa\u7acb\u7960\u5802\uff0c\u660e\u6210\u7956\u4e0d\u602a\u7f6a\u6536\u85cf\u65b9\u5b5d\u5b7a\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5e1d\u738b\u76db\u5927\u7684\u54c1\u5fb7\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81e3\u5b50\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u7981\u5fcc\u907f\u8bb3\u7684\u671d\u4ee3\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u60f3\u7740\u5f15\u5bfc\u56fd\u541b\u5904\u4e8b\u5408\u4e8e\u4e8b\u7406\u3002\u81e3\u5b50\u5404\u4e3a\u5176\u4e3b\uff0c\u5927\u51e1\u6240\u6709\u7684\u660e\u4ee3\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u907f\u8bb3\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u7740\u7a0d\u7a0d\u6574\u7406\u5f20\u516c\u7684\u9038\u95fb\u9038\u4e8b\uff0c\u5199\u6210\u4e00\u5377\u4f20\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u5907\u5fe0\u5b9e\u800c\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u53f2\u5b98\u6c42\u53d6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u754f\u60e7\u641c\u8bbf\u4e0d\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u5c06\u8981\u4e00\u5929\u5929\u5730\u6563\u5931\u3002\u53ef\u60b2\u554a\uff01
\u3000\u3000[\u6ce8\u91ca][ 1] \u5b9a\u6d77\uff1a\u4eca\u6d59\u6c5f\u5b9a\u6d77\u53bf\u3002 [ 2] \u8c22\u5b50\u5927\u5468\uff1a \u8c22\u5927\u5468\uff0c \u751f\u5e73\u4e8b\u8ff9\u4e0d\u8be6\u3002 \u949e\u522b\u672c\uff1a \u53e6\u5916\u6284\u4e00\u672c\u3002 [ 3] \u8fd1\u4f53\uff1a \u8fd1\u4f53\u8bd7\uff0c \u6307\u5f8b\u8bd7\u548c\u7edd\u53e5\u3002 [ 4] \u98ce\u973e\uff08m\u00e1i\uff09\u663c\u585e\uff1a \u5927\u98ce\u5939\u6742\u7740\u5c18\u571f\u906e\u853d\u4e86\u767d\u65e5\u3002 \u973e\uff0c \u5927\u98ce\u6742\u5c18\u571f\u800c\u4e0b\u3002 [ 5] \u201c\u800c\u6c89\u661f\u201d \u53e5\uff1a \u55bb\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u7684\u727a\u7272\u3002 [ 6] \u63dc\uff08y\u01cen\uff09 \u6291\uff1a\u56e0\u53d7\u538b\u5236\u800c\u57cb\u6ca1\u3002 [ 7] \u884c\u95f4\uff1a \u884c\u4f0d\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002 [ 8] \u903b\u5352\uff1a \u6307\u5de1\u903b\u770b\u5b88\u7684\u5175\u5352\u3002 [ 9] \u201c\u6b64\u96c6\u201d \u4e09\u53e5\uff1a\u7532\u8fb0\uff0c\u6307\u5eb7\u7199\u4e09\u5e74\uff081664\uff09 \u3002 \u843d\u8fe6\u5c71\uff1a \u5373\u666e\u9640\u5c71\uff0c \u5728\u6d59\u6c5f\u5b9a\u6d77\u53bf\uff08\u4eca\u821f\u5c71\u5e02\uff09\u4e1c\u6d77\u4e2d\u3002 \u6309\uff1a\u7532\u8fb0\u4e3a\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u5c31\u4e49\u4e4b\u5e74\uff0c\u975e\u89e3\u6563\u90e8\u4f0d\u5f52\u9690\u4e4b\u5e74\u3002\u636e\u300a\u5947\u96f6\u8349\u300b \u81ea\u5e8f\uff0c \u8bd7\u96c6\u7f16\u4e8e\u58ec\u5bc5\u5e74\uff081662\uff09 \u3002 \u53c8\u636e\u5434\u4f1f\u4e1a\u300a\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u6b89\u8282\u59cb\u672b\u300b\uff0c\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u5f52\u9690\u4e8e\u60ac\u5c7f\u5c9b\uff08\u4e00\u4f5c\u60ac\u5c99\u3002\u5728\u6d59\u6c5f\u8c61\u5c71\u53bf\u5357\u9762\u6d77\u4e2d\uff09 \uff0c\u56e0\u4e4f\u98df\uff0c \u9063\u4eba\u81f3\u666e\u9640\u544a\u7c74\uff0c \u8e2a\u8ff9\u59cb\u9732\u3002 [ 10] \u5f3a\u85e9\uff1a \u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u90d1\u6210\u529f\u3002 [ 11] \u201c\u53ca\u4e5d\u6c5f\u9041\u8fd8\u201d \u4e09\u53e5\uff1a \u987a\u6cbb\u5341\u516d\u5e74\uff081659\uff09 \uff0c \u90d1\u6210\u529f\u4ece\u91d1\u95e8\u7387\u5e08\u5317\u4f10\uff0c \u4ee5\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u6240\u90e8\u4e3a\u524d\u950b\uff0c \u8fde\u7eed\u653b\u4e0b\u5e9c\u3001\u5dde\u91cd\u9547\uff0c\u76f4\u62b5\u91d1\u9675\u57ce\u4e0b\u3002\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u672c\u62df\u6325\u5e08\u76f4\u53d6\u4e5d\u6c5f\uff0c \u4f46\u90d1\u6210\u529f\u5728\u91d1\u9675\u6218\u8d25\uff0c \u64a4\u519b\u5165\u6d77\u3002 \u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u5b64\u519b\u65e0\u63f4\uff0c \u4e5f\u6218\u8d25\u4e8e\u5b89\u5fbd\u94dc\u9675\uff0c\u5316\u88c5\u6f5c\u8fd4\u821f\u5c71\u3002\u5176\u540e\u90d1\u6210\u529f\u6536\u590d\u53f0\u6e7e\uff0c\u5175\u52bf\u590d\u632f\u3002 \u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u9063\u4f7f\u529d\u90d1\u6210\u529f\u518d\u51fa\u5e08\u5317\u4f10\uff0c \u90d1\u672a\u540c\u610f\u3002 \u201c\u63a3\u8098\u201d \u5f53\u6307\u6b64\u4e8b\u3002 \u9091\u9091\uff1a\u5fe7\u90c1\u4e0d\u4e50\u7684\u6837\u5b50\u3002\u5b57\u901a\u201c\u6092\u6092\u201d \u3002 [ 12] \u6911\uff08b\u00ec\uff09 \uff1a \u6700\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u5c42\u68fa\uff0c \u8fd9\u91cc\u5373\u6307\u68fa\u6750\u3002 [ 13] \u201c\u95e8\u6709\u4e24\u733f\u201d \u4e94\u53e5\uff1a\u300a\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u6b89\u8282\u59cb\u672b\u300b\u8bf4\uff1a \u201c\u53c8\u755c\u53cc\u733f\uff0c \u4ee5\u5019\u52a8\u9759\u3002\u821f\u672a\u81f3\u4e8c\u5341\u91cc\uff0c \u5373\u733f\u9e23\u6728\u676a\u3002 \u2026\u2026\u65e7\u6821\u67d0\u5229\u8d4f\uff0c \u4ee5\u591c\u534a\u4ece\u5c71\u540e\u60ac\u85e4\u903e\u5cad\u800c\u5165\uff0c\u6267\u5f52\u5b81\u6ce2\u3002 \u201d \u95f4\uff1a\u95f4\u8c0d\u3002 [ 14] \u4f1a\u57ce\uff1a \u7701\u4f1a\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u676d\u5dde\u3002 [ 15] \u7d20\uff1a \u767d\u8272\u751f\u7ee2\u3002 [ 16] \u300a\u6b63\u6c14\u6b4c\u300b \uff1a\u5b8b\u4ee3\u6587\u5929\u7965\u88ab\u5143\u519b\u6240\u4fd8\uff0c\u88ab\u56da\u71d5\u4eac\uff0c \u4f5c\u300a\u6b63\u6c14\u6b4c\u300b \uff0c \u4e0d\u5c48\u800c\u6b7b\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u5f20\u714c\u8a00\u6240\u5199\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u50cf\u300a\u6b63\u6c14\u6b4c\u300b\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u575a\u8d1e\u4e0d\u5c48\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u3002 [ 17] \u6c88\u7ea6\uff1a\u5357\u671d\u6881\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\u517c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c \u5b57\u4f11\u6587\uff0c \u5386\u4efb\u5b8b\u3001 \u9f50\u3001 \u6881\u3002\u4f5c\u6709\u300a\u5b8b\u4e66\u300b \u4e00\u767e\u5377\uff0c \u4eca\u4f20\u4e8e\u4e16\uff0c \u4e3a\u201c\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u53f2\u201d \u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 [ 18] \u300a\u8881\u7cb2\u4f20\u300b \uff1a \u4eca\u300a\u5b8b\u4e66\u300b \u5377\u516b\u5341\u4e5d\u6709\u4f20\u3002 \u8881\u7cb2\uff0c \u5b57\u666f\u5029\uff0c\u9648\u90e1\u9633\u590f\uff08\u4eca\u6cb3\u5357\u592a\u5eb7\uff09 \u4eba\u3002 \u5b8b\u65f6\u5b98\u81f3\u4e2d\u4e66\u76d1\u3001 \u53f8\u5f92\uff0c\u547d\u9547\u77f3\u5934\uff08\u4eca\u5357\u4eac\uff09\u3002 \u8427\u9053\u6210\u8c0b\u4ee3\u5b8b\u81ea\u7acb\uff0c \u4ed6\u62df\u53d1\u5175\u8bdb\u9053\u6210\uff0c\u4e8b\u6cc4\u88ab\u6740\u3002\u6545\u6c88\u7ea6\u5728\u9f50\u6b66\u5e1d\u6c38\u660e\u4e2d\u5949\u8bcf\u64b0\u300a\u5b8b\u4e66\u300b \u65f6\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u8881\u7cb2\u7acb\u4f20\u6709\u6240\u72b9\u7591\u3002 [ 19] \u9f50\u6b66\u5e1d\uff1a\u9f50\u9ad8\u5e1d\u8427\u9053\u6210\u4e4b\u5b50\u8427\u8d5c\u3002 [ 20] \u201c\u6b27\u9633\u4fee\u201d \u53e5\uff1a \u6b27\u9633\u4fee\uff0c \u5b8b\u4ee3\u8457\u540d\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c \u5176\u6240\u64b0\u300a\u4e94\u4ee3\u53f2\u8bb0\u300b\uff08\u5373\u300a\u65b0\u4e94\u4ee3\u53f2\u300b \uff09\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4e3a\u540e\u5468\u7684\u97e9\u901a\u7acb\u4f20\u3002 \u97e9\u901a\uff0c\u5468\u606d\u5e1d\u65f6\u4e3a\u4f8d\u536b\u4eb2\u519b\u9a6c\u6b65\u519b\u526f\u90fd\u6307\u6325\u4f7f\u3002 \u8d75\u5321\u80e4\u9648\u6865\u5175\u53d8\uff0c \u5e9f\u5468\u81ea\u7acb\uff0c\u97e9\u901a\u6b32\u7387\u519b\u62b5\u6297\uff0c\u88ab\u5bb3\u3002 [ 21] \u541b\u5b50\u8ba5\u4e4b\uff1a \u738b\u8302\u300a\u91ce\u5ba2\u4e1b\u4e66\u300b\u6240\u9644\u300a\u91ce\u8001\u7eaa\u95fb\u300b \u8bf4\uff1a \u201c\u5b50\u77bb\uff08\u82cf\u8f7c\uff09 \u95ee\u6b27\u9633\u516c\u66f0\uff1a \u2018\u300a\u4e94\u4ee3\u53f2\u300b\u53ef\u4f20\u540e\u4e5f\u4e4e\uff1f \u2019 \u516c\u66f0\uff1a \u2018\u4fee\u4e8e\u6b64\u7a83\u6709\u5584\u5584\u6076\u6076\u4e4b\u5fd7\u3002 \u2019 \u82cf\u516c\u66f0\uff1a \u2018\u97e9\u901a\u65e0\u4f20\uff0c \u6076\u5f97\u4e3a\u5584\u5584\u6076\u6076\uff1f \u2019 \u516c\u9ed8\u7136\u3002 \u201d [ 22] \u674e\u82be\uff1a \u5b57\u53d4\u7ae0\uff0c\u5b8b\u672b\u4efb\u6e56\u5357\u5b89\u629a\u4f7f\u3002 \u5143\u963f\u91cc\u6d77\u6daf\u7834\u6f6d\u5dde\uff08\u4eca\u957f\u6c99\u5e02\uff09 \uff0c\u4e00\u65cf\u6b7b\u8282\u3002 [ 23] \u957f\u9675\uff1a \u4e3a\u660e\u6210\u7956\u6731\u68e3\u7684\u9675\u5893\uff0c\u56e0\u4ee5\u79f0\u6210\u7956\u3002 \u6731\u68e3\u539f\u5c01\u71d5\u738b\uff0c\u9a7b\u5b88\u5317\u5e73\uff0c \u540e\u7387\u519b\u5357\u4e0b\uff0c \u653b\u706d\u5efa\u6587\u5e1d\uff0c\u547d\u65b9\u5b5d\u5b7a\u8349\u8bcf\u544a\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c \u7531\u4ed6\u7ee7\u4f4d\uff0c \u65b9\u6297\u547d\u4e0d\u4f5c\uff0c \u88ab\u6740\u3002\u636e\u300a\u660e\u53f2\u65b9\u5b5d\u5b7a\u4f20\u300b \uff1a \u201c\u6c38\u4e50\uff08\u660e\u6210\u7956\u5e74\u53f7\uff09 \u4e2d\uff0c \u85cf\u5b5d\u5b7a\u6587\u8005\u7f6a\u81f3\u6b7b\u3002 \u201d \u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bf4\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c \u672a\u77e5\u4f55\u636e\u3002 [ 24] \u5f15\u541b\u5f53\u9053\uff1a\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u544a\u5b50\u4e0b\u300b \uff1a \u201c\u541b\u5b50\u4e4b\u4e8b\u541b\u4e5f\uff0c \u52a1\u5f15\u5176\u541b\u4ee5\u5f53\u9053\u3002 \u201d \u5f53\u9053\uff1a \u8c13\u5408\u4e8e\u4e8b\u7406\u3002 [ 25] \u80dc\u56fd\uff1a \u88ab\u706d\u4ea1\u4e4b\u56fd\u3002 \u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u660e\u4ee3\u3002 [ 26] \u6566\u53f2\uff1a\u6307\u5fe0\u5b9e\u800c\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u53f2\u5b98\u3002
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\u3000\u3000\u5e0c\u671bLZ\u91c7\u7eb3\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3002
绛旓細[鍙傝璇戞枃]鎴戝湪瀹氭捣寰楀埌杩欐湰璇楅泦,鍚嶈阿澶у懆鍙﹀鎶勪竴鏈甫鍥炴潵,鎬诲叡鏈変簲瑷銆佷竷瑷寰嬭瘲鍜岀粷鍙ヨ嫢骞查,鐜颁粖鏃╁氨鏁ｄ綒浜,鏆備笖鍥炲繂鍏跺ぇ姒,涓轰箣鍐欎笅搴忚█鏀惰棌璧锋潵銆 鍞!澶╁湴鏅︽殫,澶ч澶规潅鐫灏樺湡閬斀浜嗙櫧鏃,灞辨渤棰犲(鍥藉鏄撲富),鑰屾鏃跺紶鐓岃█鍦ㄤ竴鍋忓兓鑽掑噳鐨勫皬宀涗箣涓婃鍘,杩樿兘缁忓父鏈変汉璇寸湅鍒颁粬,铏界劧浠栧湪褰撴椂鍥犲彈鍘嬪埗鑰岃鍩嬫病,鍙...
绛旓細銆濂囬浂鑽銆 搴忥紙娓咃級 濮滃鑻 娉ㄩ噴鍙缈昏瘧鏍囩锛 銆婂畫涔︺嬨婃姘旀瓕銆嬪闆惰崏寮犵厡瑷娴欐睙鏁欒偛 [浣滆呬粙缁峕濮滃鑻憋紙1628锝1699锛夛紝娴欐睙鎱堟邯浜恒備竷鍗佸瞾濮嬩妇杩涘＋銆傝兘璇楁枃锛屽苟宸ヤ功娉曠粯鐢伙紝涓冨崄宀佸悗浣滃皬妤风簿婀涳紝涓庣閲嶅厜銆佹豹澹壌銆佷綍鐒苟绉颁负搴风啓鍥涘銆備负娓呬唬甯栧鐨勪唬琛ㄤ汉鐗┿傚悗鍥犵鍦烘鐗佃繛锛屾浜庣嫳涓傛浘鍙...
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绛旓細D銆佽瘲闆嗕箣鎵浠ュ懡鍚嶄负鈥濂囬浂鑽鈥濓紝鏄洜涓鸿瘲绡囨暎钀斤紝宸查潪鍏ㄨ矊锛涜繕鍥犱负闆嗕腑鎵鏀讹紝閮芥槸浣滆呭湪鎴樻枟宀佹湀鐨勯棿闅欎腑鍐欐垚鐨勩7銆 鎶婁笅鍒楀彞瀛缈昏瘧鎴愮幇浠ｆ眽璇傦紙10鍒嗭級锛1锛変細鍥介毦棰戜粛锛屼綑鍊″ぇ涔変簬姹熶笢锛屽嚒浠庡墠闆曡櫕涔嬫妧锛屾暎浜″嚑灏界煟銆傦紙5鍒嗭級锛2锛変絾灏戦櫟褰撳ぉ瀹濅箣涔憋紝娴佺铚閬擄紝涓嶅簾椋庨獨锛屽悗涓栬嚦浠婏紝鍚嶄负璇楀彶銆
绛旓細3. 銆濂囬浂鑽夎嚜搴闃呰绛旀鍙缈昏瘧銆嬪彜璇楀師鏂囧強缈昏瘧 浣滆:銆婂闆惰崏銆嬭嚜搴忓紶鐓岃█鈶犱綑鑷垶璞♀憽,杈勫ソ涓鸿瘲姝屻 鍏堝ぇ澶檻搴熺粡鍙,灞′互涓烘垝,閬傝緧绗斾笉璋,鐒剁姽鏃舵椂绐冧负涔嬨傚強鐧荤鍚,涓庡洓鏂硅搐璞氦鐩婂箍,寰鏉ヨ禒绛,宀佷箙鐩堢銆 浼氬浗闅鹃浠,浣欏″ぇ涔変簬姹熶笢,鍑′粠鍓嶉洉铏箣鎶,鏁ｄ骸鍑犲敖鐭ｃ 浜庢槸鍑虹鍐涙梾,鍏ュ吀鍒惰,灏氬緱浜庝綑闂...
绛旓細2. 鍙ゆ枃缈昏瘧銆婂お鍙插叕鑷簭銆嬩腑: 浜庢槸姹夊叴,钀т綍娆″緥浠,闊╀俊鐢冲啗娉,寮犺媿涓虹珷绋,鍙斿瓩閫氬畾绀间华,鍒欐枃瀛﹀浆褰◢杩,銆婅瘲銆嬨併婁功銆嬪線寰闂村嚭鐭ｃ 缈昏瘧:杩欐椂姹夋湞鍏磋捣,钀т綍淇娉曞緥,闊╀俊鐢虫槑鍐涙硶,寮犺媿鍒剁珛绔犵▼,鍙斿瓩閫氱‘瀹氱ぜ浠,浜庢槸鍝佸鍏间紭鐨勬枃瀛︿箣澹愭笎杩涚敤銆傘婅瘲銆嬨併婁功銆嬩笉鏂湴鍦ㄥ悇鍦板彂鐜般 鏂兼槸姹夊叴,钀т綍娆″緥浠...
绛旓細銆婂闆惰崏銆嬫槸寮犵厡瑷鍏堢敓鐨勪竴閮ㄨ瘲闆,鍏堢敓鍦ㄥ叺浜嬩箣浣,涓嶅簾鏂囧ⅷ,浣嗘墍浣滃ぇ澶氬湪鎴樹簤涓暎澶便傚悕鍏惰瘲闆嗏滃闆垛,鏄彇鍏惰瘲闆惰惤鏁ｄ骸鍜屽湪鍐涙梾涓娊鏆囦互闆舵槦鏃堕棿鍐欐垚涔嬫剰,鏈簭涓哄厛鐢熷氨涔夊墠浜屽勾涓鸿涔﹀啓鐨勮嚜搴,鏂囩珷椋庨娓呭郴,璇█鎭虫寶,鎰熶汉鑲鸿厬銆 銆濂囬浂鑽夎嚜搴銆:鈥滀綑鑷垶璞,杈勫ソ涓鸿瘲姝屻傚厛澶уか铏戝簾缁忓彶,姣忎互涓烘垝,閬...
绛旓細涔鹃殕鍏冨勾锛屾寚鐨勬槸涔鹃殕鍗充綅鐨勯偅涓骞达紝涔鹃殕鍗佸勾锛屽氨鏄咕闅嗗嵆浣嶇殑绗崄涓勾澶淬傚彜浠ｉ兘鏄湪浣嶇殗甯濈殑骞村彿绾勾鐨勶紝涔鹃殕銆佸厜缁兘鏄勾鍙枫
绛旓細銆濂囬浂鑽銆 搴(娓) 濮滃鑻 娉ㄩ噴鍙缈昏瘧 [浣滆呬粙缁峕濮滃鑻(1628锝1699),娴欐睙鎱堟邯浜恒備竷鍗佸瞾濮嬩妇杩涘＋銆傝兘璇楁枃,骞跺伐涔︽硶缁樼敾,涓冨崄宀佸悗浣滃皬妤风簿婀,涓庣閲嶅厜銆佹豹澹壌銆佷綍鐒苟绉颁负搴风啓鍥涘銆備负娓呬唬甯栧鐨勪唬琛ㄤ汉鐗┿傚悗鍥犵鍦烘鐗佃繛,姝讳簬鐙变腑銆傛浘鍙傞銆婃槑鍙层嬬簜淇,鐫鏈夈婃箾鍥湭瀹氱銆嬨併婅媷闂磋瘲闆嗐嬬瓑銆 [姝ｆ枃]浜堝緱...
绛旓細銆濂囬浂鑽銆 搴(娓) 濮滃鑻 娉ㄩ噴鍙缈昏瘧 [浣滆呬粙缁峕濮滃鑻(1628锝1699),娴欐睙鎱堟邯浜恒備竷鍗佸瞾濮嬩妇杩涘＋銆傝兘璇楁枃,骞跺伐涔︽硶缁樼敾,涓冨崄宀佸悗浣滃皬妤风簿婀,涓庣閲嶅厜銆佹豹澹壌銆佷綍鐒苟绉颁负搴风啓鍥涘銆備负娓呬唬甯栧鐨勪唬琛ㄤ汉鐗┿傚悗鍥犵鍦烘鐗佃繛,姝讳簬鐙变腑銆傛浘鍙傞銆婃槑鍙层嬬簜淇,鐫鏈夈婃箾鍥湭瀹氱銆嬨併婅媷闂磋瘲闆嗐嬬瓑銆 [姝ｆ枃]浜堝緱...
