（2012?房山区二模）如图所示电路中，电源电压U保持不变．开关S1闭合、S2断开，滑动变阻器的滑片P距左端4

\uff082013?\u623f\u5c71\u533a\u4e8c\u6a21\uff09\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u7535\u6e90\u4e24\u7aef\u7535\u538b\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0e\u5f53\u5f00\u5173S1\u95ed\u5408\u3001S2\u65ad\u5f00\uff0c\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u7684\u6ed1\u7247P\u79fb\u5230

\u5f53\u5f00\u5173S1\u95ed\u5408\u3001S2\u65ad\u5f00\uff0c\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u7684\u6ed1\u7247P\u79fb\u5230\u53f3\u7aef\u65f6\uff0c\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u5982\u56fe1\u6240\u793a\uff1b\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u5173\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u7684\u6ed1\u7247P\u79fb\u81f3\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u65f6\uff0c\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u5982\u56fe2\u6240\u793a\uff1b\u4fdd\u6301\u6ed1\u52a8\u53d8\u963b\u5668\u6ed1\u7247P\u4e0d\u52a8\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5f00\u5173S2\u95ed\u5408\u65f6\uff0c\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u5982\u56fe3\u6240\u793a\uff0e\uff081\uff09\u56fe1\u548c\u56fe3\u4e2d\uff1a\u2235\u4e32\u8054\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u603b\u7535\u963b\u7b49\u4e8e\u5404\u5206\u7535\u963b\u4e4b\u548c\uff0c\u4e14P=U2R\uff0c\u2234P1P2=U2R1+R2+R3U2R1=R1R1+R2+R3=25\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u53ef\u5f97\uff1a3R1=2R2+2R3\uff0c\u56fe1\u548c\u56fe2\u4e2d\uff1aU1U\u20321=I1(R2+R3)I2R2=32\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u53ef\u5f97\uff1aI1I2=3R22(R2+R3)\uff0c\u2235\u7535\u6e90\u7684\u7535\u538b\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u2234I1I2=R1+R2R1+R2+R3=3(R1+R2)

\u4e24\u5f00\u5173\u5747\u95ed\u5408\u65f6\uff0c\u4e24\u706f\u5e76\u8054\u7535\u6e90\u4e24\u7aef\uff0c\u7535\u538b\u5747\u4e3a\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u65ad\u5f00S2\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u6709L1\u63a5\u5165\u7535\u8def\uff0cL1\u4e24\u7aef\u7535\u538b\u4ecd\u4e3a\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\u6545\u4eae\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0e\u7535\u6d41\u8868\u7531\u6d4b\u4e24\u706f\u6ce1\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u4e4b\u548c\u53d8\u6210\u53ea\u6d4bL1\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u6d41\uff0c\u6545\u7535\u6d41\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0e\u6545\u9009A\uff0e

开关S₁闭合、S₂断开，滑动变阻器的滑片P距左端

4

5

处时，等效电路图如图1所示；
开关S₁、S₂闭合，保持滑动变阻器的滑片不动，等效电路图如图2所示．

（1）图1中，
由欧姆定律可得：
R₂=

U2

I1

=

6.5V

0.5A

=13Ω，
图1和图2中，
∵串联电路中各处的电流相等，且P=I²R，
∴

P1

P2

=

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