分词做状语时的否定形式及虚拟语气倒装时的否定形式
\u4e0e\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u4f8b\u53e5\u548c\u5176\u7684\u5012\u88c5\u53e5\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u7528\u5728\u4e0e\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e8b\u5b9e\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u4e2d\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u540e\u6094\u6216\u63a8\u6d4b\u3002 \u53e5\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\uff1aIf +\u4e3b\u8bed+had been/done\u2026.\uff0c\u4e3b\u8bed+should/could/might/would + have done\u2026.
\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u8868\u793a\u8bf4\u8bdd\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u613f\u671b\u3001\u731c\u7591\u3001\u5efa\u8bae\u6216\u4e0e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0d\u7b26\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u5ba2\u89c2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u662f\u7531\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5982\uff1aIf I were a bird\uff0cI would be able to fly in the air.
\u5982\u679c\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u53ea\u5c0f\u9e1f\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u80fd\u5728\u7a7a\u4e2d\u98de\u884c\u3002
I wish I could pass the examination.
\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8003\u8bd5\u3002
May you succeed!
\u795d\u4f60\u6210\u529f\uff01
If only we had been college students last year!
\u4e0a\u4e00\u5e74\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u662f\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u8be5\u591a\u597d\uff01
Should you experience any difficult, do not hesitate to contact one of my staff members.
\u4e00\u3001\u53e5\u5b50\u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u6c14\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a
\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u201c\u865a\u62df\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5 + \u7948\u4f7f\u53e5\u201d\u7684\u590d\u5408\u53e5
1. \u6761\u4ef6\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6c14\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5ba2\u5957\u8bed\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u5f3a\u6c42\u5bf9\u65b9\u975e\u5f97\u63a5\u53d7 \u3002
2. \u7948\u4f7f\u53e5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5ba2\u6c14\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42
\u4e8c\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u6761\u4ef6\u865a\u62df\u7684\u5012\u88c5\uff1a
\u6761\u4ef6\u865a\u62df\u53e5\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5012\u88c5\u8bed\u5e8f\u8868\u793a\u3002\u5012\u88c5\u65f6\u53ea\u8981\u7701\u53bb if \u518d\u628a\u52a9\u52a8\u8bcd\u6216\u60c5\u6001\u52a8\u8bcd\u63d0\u524d\u653e\u5728\u4e3b\u8bed\u524d\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u5982\u672c\u53e5\uff1a
\u63d0\u524d should\uff1aShould you experience any difficult = If you should experience any difficult, \u5047\u5982\u4f60\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u96be\u9898\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c
\u518d\u5982\uff1a
* \u63d0\u524d were\uff1aWere you to be here tomorrow, ... = if you were to be here tomorrow, ... \u5047\u5982\u4f60\u660e\u5929\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c...
* \u63d0\u524d did\uff1aDid he come now\uff0c... = If he came now,... \u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u6765\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c...
* \u63d0\u524d had\uff1aHad the students finished their homework on time, ... = If the students had finished their homework on time, ...\u5982\u679c\u5b66\u751f\u539f\u6765\u5c31\u6309\u65f6\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c...
否定式：非谓语动词的否定式not总是在首位，not + 现在分词
例题：______ a reply,he decided to write again.
A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received
析：非谓语动词的否定式not应置于首位，B、D皆为错误形式。A项不能表达先于decided的动作，只有选C项才表没收到信在先，决定再写信在后，所以C为正确答案。
第2个正确，只是把had提前，把if省略，其他不能变
例如：如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有 were ， had 和 should 时，可省略 if ，把 were ， had 和 should 放到从句主语前面去。
Had you not helped me ， I should have failed. 要是没有你的帮助，我就失败了。
Were she younger, she would do it . 如果她年青点， 她就会干的。
Had he known her address, he would had gone to visit her. 如果他知道她的地址，他会去看她的
Not having been invited to the party,she was very upset.对。not前置。
Had I not listened to the speeches...NOT放原位置。
如
Had it not been for your help, we could have finished it on time.
Should it not rain tomorrow, we woul go outing.
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