有机物A、B、C、D、E、F之间有如下衍变关系：已知F是结构最简单的烃；C是具有水果香味的无色液体
\u6709\u6c34\u679c\u9999\u5473\u7684\u6709\u673a\u7269\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f\u67d0\u4e9b\u4f4e\u7ea7\u916f \u4e0b\u9762\u6709\u4e24\u79cd
\u4f4e\u7ea7\u916f\u662f\u6709\u82b3\u9999\u6c14\u5473\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u6c34\u679c\u548c\u82b1\u8349\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u68a8\u91cc\u542b\u6709\u4e59\u9178\u5f02\u620a\u916f\uff0c\u82f9\u679c\u548c\u9999\u8549\u91cc\u542b\u6709\u5f02\u620a\u9178\u5f02\u620a\u916f\u7b49\u3002\u916f\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e00\u822c\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6c34\uff0c\u5e76\u96be\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff0c\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u4e59\u9187\u548c\u4e59\u919a\u7b49\u6709\u673a\u6eb6\u5242\u3002\u916f\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u6eb6\u5242\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u5236\u5907\u996e\u6599\u548c\u7cd6\u679c\u7684\u9999\u6599\u3002
C\u662f\u98df\u918b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5373C\u4e3aCH3COOH\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6d41\u7a0bB\u8fde\u7eed\u6c27\u5316\u751f\u6210C\uff0cB\u53c8\u662f\u7531A\u4e8e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5B\u4e3aCH3CH2OH\uff0cA\u662fCH2=CH2\uff0cD\u662f\u5177\u6709\u6c34\u679c\u9999\u5473\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\uff0cD\u4e3a\u916f\uff0c\u7531B\u4e0eC\u5728\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u52a0\u70ed\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u6545D\u4e3aCH3COOCH2CH3\uff0e\u6240\u4ee5B\u3001D\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\uff1aCH3CH2OH\uff1bCH3COOCH2CH3\uff1b\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aCH3CH2OH\uff1bCH3COOCH2CH3\uff1b
A CH2=CH2B CH3CH2OH 乙醇
C CH3COOCH2CH3乙酸乙酯
D CH3COOH乙酸
E
F CH4 CH3COOH+CH3CH2OH=CH3COOCH2CH3+H2O
绛旓細鏍囧喌涓嬬殑瀵嗗害涓1.25g/L锛屽垯A鐨勭浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忔槸1.25脳22.4锛28锛屾墍浠鏄箼鐑備箼鐑拰姘村彂鐢熷姞鎴愬弽搴旂敓鎴愪箼閱囷紝鍗矪鏄箼閱囥備箼閱囧彂鐢熷偓鍖栨哀鍖栫敓鎴C锛鍒機鏄箼閱涖備箼閱囩洿鎺ヨ姘у寲鐢熸垚涔欓吀锛屽嵆D鏄箼閰革紝涔欓唶鍜屼箼閰稿彂鐢熼叝鍖栧弽搴旂敓鎴愪箼閰镐箼閰紝鍗矱鏄箼閰镐箼閰備箼鐑惈鏈夌⒊纰冲弻閿紝鑳藉彂鐢熷姞鑱氬弽搴旂敓鎴愯仛涔欑儻锛屽嵆...
绛旓細锛1锛夎剛鑲 娣绮 铔嬬櫧璐 锛2锛夎儍 锛3锛夎儍銆佸皬鑲 姘ㄥ熀閰 锛4锛夊皬鑲 锛5锛夊彛鑵 灏忚偁 灏忚偁 锛6锛夌淮鐢熺礌A 鍒嗘瀽锛氭棰樻槸鍏充簬椋熺墿鍦ㄦ秷鍖栭亾鍐呯殑娑堝寲杩囩▼鐨勮瘑鍥鹃锛岀敳銆佷箼銆佷笝涓鸿剛鑲佹穩绮夊拰铔嬬櫧璐ㄤ笁绉鏈夋満鐗╋紝A銆B銆C銆D銆E銆F涓烘秷鍖栭亾鐨勫悇鍣ㄥ畼锛屼緷娆′负鍙ｈ厰銆侀閬撱佽儍銆佸皬鑲犮...
绛旓細A CH2=CH2 B CH3CH2OH 涔欓唶 C CH3COOCH2CH3涔欓吀涔欓叝 D CH3COOH涔欓吀 E F CH4 CH3COOH+CH3CH2OH=CH3COOCH2CH3+H2O
绛旓細A銆丅鏄搴帹鎴夸腑甯哥敤璋冨懗鍝佺殑涓昏鎴愬垎锛屼笖涓鏈夋満鐗锛屼簩鑰呭簲涓篊H 3 COOH鍜孋 2 H 5 OH锛孊鐨勭浉瀵瑰垎瀛愯川閲忔瘮A澶14锛屽彲鐭涓篊 2 H 5 OH锛屽惈鏈夌殑瀹樿兘鍥负缇熷熀锛孊涓篊H 3 COOH锛孍鏄瘑搴︽渶灏忕殑姘斾綋锛屽簲涓篐 2 锛屽垯F涓篘a锛孋涓篐 2 O锛孌涓篊H 3 COOC 2 H 5 锛屽弽搴斺憼鐨勫寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡鍖栦负CH ...
绛旓細鍔犵儹鏉′欢涓嬪彂鐢熸按瑙ｅ弽搴旂敓鎴怋涓C锛孋鍙互杩炵画涓ゆ姘у寲鐢熸垚E锛孊閰稿寲涔熺敓鎴怑锛屾晠A涓洪叝锛屼负楗卞拰涓鍏冮叝锛孋涓洪唶锛孊涓虹晶閰搁挔鐩锛孍涓虹晶閰锛孌涓洪啗锛屼笖B銆丆銆丏銆丒鍚湁鐩稿悓鐨勭⒊鍘熷瓙鏁扮洰4锛孍鍦ㄦ牳纾佸叡鎸阿璋变腑鍑虹幇涓夌粍宄帮紝鍒橢涓猴紙CH3锛2CHCOOH锛岄嗘帹鍙緱锛孊涓猴紙CH3锛2CHCOONa銆丏涓猴紙CH3锛2CHCHO銆丆涓猴紙...
绛旓細B鍦ㄦ祿纭吀銆佸姞鐑潯浠朵笅鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚E锛鐢盓鐨勭粨鏋勫彲鐭锛孊鍙戠敓閰寲鍙嶅簲锛屾晠B涓锛孌鍦ㄦ祿纭吀銆佸姞鐑170鈩冩潯浠朵笅鐢熸垚C2H4锛屽垯D涓篊H3CH2OH锛孏涓篊H2=CH2锛C涓嶤H3CH2OH鍦ㄦ祿纭吀銆佸姞鐑潯浠朵笅鐢熸垚F锛岀粨鍚團鐨勫垎瀛愬紡C4H8O2鍙煡锛岀敓鎴怓鐨勫弽搴斾负閰寲鍙嶅簲锛屾晠C涓篊H3COOH锛孎涓篊H3COOCH2CH3锛孉鍦ㄦ阿姘у寲閽犳按婧舵恫銆佸姞鐑潯浠...
绛旓細C鑳戒笌缇ч吀鍙嶅簲銆佽兘鍦–u鍔犵儹鏉′欢涓嬩笌姘ф皵鍙嶅簲锛孋鍚湁缇熷熀-OH锛岀敱C銆D銆E杞寲鍙煡锛屼笁鑰呭惈鏈夌浉鍚岀⒊鍘熷瓙鏁扮洰锛孋銆丒鐢熸垚F锛孎鐨勫垎瀛愬紡涓篊 4 H 4 O 4 锛屾晠C涓惈鏈2涓狢鍘熷瓙锛岀敱A銆丅銆丆鐨勮浆鍖栧彲鐭ワ紝A涓惈鏈2涓狢鍘熷瓙锛孉鏄寲瀛﹀伐涓氶噸瑕佸師鏂欎箣涓锛岃兘涓庢捍鍙嶅簲锛屾晠A涓篊H 2 =CH 2 锛孊涓築rCH 2 ...
绛旓細鐢E鐨勭粨鏋勶紝鍙帹鐭锛孊涓猴紝缁撳悎A鐨勫垎瀛愬紡C12H16O4鍙奀銆丏杞寲涓篎鐨勫弽搴旀潯浠讹紝鍙帹鐭涓轰箼閰锛孌涓轰箼閱囷紝G涓轰箼閱锛孎涓轰箼閰镐箼閰紱鐢BCD鐨勭粨鏋勶紝缁撳悎A鐨勫垎瀛愬紡鍙夾杞寲涓築CD鐨勫弽搴旀潯浠讹紝鍙帹鍑篈涓猴紝锛1锛夊弽搴斺憽涓轰箼閰镐笌涔欓唶鐨勯叝鍖栧弽搴旓紝涔熶负鍙栦唬鍙嶅簲锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細鍙栦唬锛堥叝鍖栵級鍙嶅簲锛涳紙2锛塂涓轰箼閱...
绛旓細o锛屼竴瀹氭潯浠朵笅鍙互鐢熸垚c 2 h 4 锛屾晠d涓篶h 3 ch 2 oh锛宔涓篶h 2 =ch 2 锛c涓巆h 3 ch 2 oh鍦ㄦ祿纭吀銆佸姞鐑潯浠朵笅鐢熸垚f锛岀粨鍚坒鐨勫垎瀛愬紡c4h 8 o 2 鍙煡锛岀敓鎴恌鐨勫弽搴斾负閰寲鍙嶅簲锛屾晠c涓篶h 3 cooh锛宖涓篶h 3 cooch 2 ch 3 锛宎鍦ㄦ阿姘у寲閽犳按婧舵恫銆佸姞鐑潯浠朵笅鍙戠敓姘磋В鍙嶅簲锛岄吀鍖栧緱鍒b...
绛旓細鏄撴兂鍒板伐涓氫笂鐢ㄦ帴瑙︽硶鍒剁～閰革紝鍒橠涓篠O2锛孍涓篠O3锛涳紙2锛B鏄⒈鎬ф皵浣撴槗鎯冲埌鏄疦H3锛屽垯E鏄疦O2锛孉涓篘H4Cl锛孋涓篐Cl锛涳紙3锛塁鏄粍缁胯壊姘斾綋鍗曡川锛屽簲涓篊l2锛孉鏄棩甯哥敓娲讳腑鏈甯歌鐨勭墿璐紝鍒橞涓篘a,E涓篘a2O2锛孉涓篘aCl锛涳紙4锛堿鏄┖闂存瀯鍨嬩负姝ｅ洓闈綋鐨鏈夋満鐗搴斾负CH4锛屽垯B涓C锛孋涓篐2锛孌涓篊O銆
