A~J均为有机化合物,它们之间的转化如图所示: 实验表明:①D既能发生银镜反应,又能与金属钠反应放出
A\uff5eJ\u5747\u4e3a\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a \u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff1a \u2460 D\u65e2\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u94f6\u955c\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u4e0e\uff081\uff09BrCH 2 CH\uff1dCHCH 2 Br \uff1b\u53d6\u4ee3\uff08\u6216\u6c34\u89e3\uff09 \uff082\uff09 \uff083\uff09 \uff1b \u7fa7\u57fa\u3001\u7f9f\u57fa\uff1b \uff08\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\uff09\uff084\uff09 \uff085\uff09
\u4f9d\u636e\u9898\u7ed9\u4fe1\u606f\u2460\u2461\uff0c\u53ef\u63a8\u77e5\uff0cCH2=CH-CH=CH2\u4e0eBr2\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u662f1\uff0c4-\u52a0\u6210\uff0cA\u4e3aBrCH2CH=CHCH2Br\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u53ef\u5f97B\u4e3aHOCH2CH=CHCH2OH\uff0cC\u4e3aHOCH2CH2CH2CH2OH\uff0cD\u4e3aHOCH2CH2CH2CHO\uff0cE\u4e3aHOCH2CH2CH2COOH\uff0cF\u4e3a\uff0e\u518d\u5206\u6790\u53e6\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf\uff0cB\u2192G\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5206\u5b50\u5185\u6210\u919a\uff0cG\u4e3a\uff1bG\u2192H\u5e94\u8be5\u662fG\u4e0eHClO\u53d1\u751f\u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\uff0cH\u5e94\u8be5\u4e3a\uff1bH\u2192I\u662f\uff1a2+Ca\uff08OH\uff092=2+CaCl2+2H2O\uff1bI\u2192J\u662f\u919a\u7684\u5f00\u73af\uff0c\u4e94\u5143\u73af\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e09\u5143\u73af\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53cd\u5e94\u4e3a\uff1a\uff0e\uff081\uff09\u7531\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u77e5\uff0cA\u4e3aBrCH2CH=CHCH2Br\uff1bA\u53d1\u751f\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210B\u4e3aHOCH2CH=CHCH2OH\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aBrCH2CH=CHCH2Br\uff1b\u53d6\u4ee3\u53cd\u5e94\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u7531\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u77e5\uff0cD\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0fHOCH2CH2CH2CHO\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aHOCH2CH2CH2CHO\uff1b\uff083\uff09E\u4e3aHOCH2CH2CH2COOH\uff0cF\u4e3a\uff0cE\u53d1\u751f\u5206\u5b50\u5185\u916f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210F\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3aHOCH2CH2CH2COOH\u6d53H2SO4\u25b3+H2O\uff0eE\u4e2d\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u6709\u7f9f\u57fa\u3001\u7fa7\u57fa\uff0e\u4e0eE\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7684E\u7684\u540c\u5206\u5f02\u6784\u4f53\u8fd8\u6709 \uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1aHOCH2CH2CH2COOH\u6d53H2SO4\u25b3+H2O\uff1b\u7f9f\u57fa\u3001\u7fa7\u57fa\uff1b\uff1b\uff084\uff09\u7531\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u77e5\uff0cG\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff1b\uff085\uff09I\u2192J\u662f\u919a\u7684\u5f00\u73af\uff0c\u4e94\u5143\u73af\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e09\u5143\u73af\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u4e3a\uff1a\uff0e
依据题给信息①②,可推知,CH 2 =CH-CH=CH 2 与Br 2 发生的是1,4-加成,A为BrCH 2 CH=CHCH 2 Br,依次可得B为HOCH 2 CH=CHCH 2 OH,C为HOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH,D为HOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CHO,E为HOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 COOH,F为 .再分析另一条线,B→G应该是分子内成醚,G为 ;G→H应该是G与HClO发生加成反应,H应该为 ;H→I是:2 +Ca(OH) 2 =2 +CaCl 2 +2H 2 O;I→J是醚的开环,五元环相对于三元环稳定,因此反应为: . (1)由上述分析可知,A为BrCH 2 CH=CHCH 2 Br;A发生取代反应生成B为HOCH 2 CH=CHCH 2 OH, 故答案为:BrCH 2 CH=CHCH 2 Br;取代反应; (2)由上述分析可知,D的结构简式HOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CHO,故答案为:HOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CHO; (3)E为HOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 COOH,F为 ,E发生分子内酯化反应生成F,反应方程式为HOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 COOH
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