非谓语动词有时态吗？如果时态和语态冲突怎么办？ 非谓语动词的时态和语态我总是记不清楚，麻烦给我举几个例子
\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e2d\u6709\u65f6\u6001\u8bed\u6001\u8bed\u6c14\u5417\uff1f\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u6001\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u6709\u65f6\u6001\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u8868\u793a\u65f6\u6001\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e3b\u8bed\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001\u8bb2\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u65f6\u6001\u3002
\u6709\u4e3b\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u865a\u62df\u8bed\u6001\u3002
\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u53c2\u8003\u5982\u4e0b:
\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u5305\u542b\u56db\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u3001\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u548c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u3002
1.\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f
\u2460\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1ato do\uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u822c\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\uff09
\u2461\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1ato be done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u822c\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\uff09
\u2462\u8fdb\u884c\u5f0f\uff1ato be doing \uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\uff09
\u2463\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff1ato have done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\uff09
\u2464\u5b8c\u6210\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1ato have been done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\uff09
\u2465\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u5f0f\uff1ato have been doing \uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\uff09
The teacher told us to do morning exercises.\u8001\u5e08\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u65e9\u64cd\u3002
The car to be bought is for his sister.\u8981\u4e70\u7684\u8fd9\u8f86\u8f66\u662f\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u59d0\u59d0\u7684\u3002
She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.\u8001\u5e08\u8fdb\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u5979\u5047\u88c5\u6b63\u5728\u8bfb\u4e66\u3002
The thief is said to have escaped.\u636e\u8bf4\u5c0f\u5077\u5df2\u7ecf\u9003\u8dd1\u4e86\u3002
The thief is said to have been arrested.\u636e\u8bf4\u5c0f\u5077\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6293\u4f4f\u4e86\u3002
She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.\u636e\u8bf4\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u768420\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u5979\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u8fd9\u5bb6\u5de5\u5382\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
2. \u52a8\u540d\u8bcd
\u2460\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1adoing \uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\uff09 Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.\u5728\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u5728\u592a\u7a7a\u65c5\u884c\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u666e\u904d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002
\u2461\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1abeing done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\uff09 Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans.Freddy\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e50\u961f\u5230\u54ea\u91cc\u90fd\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7c89\u4e1d\u8ddf\u7740\u3002
\u2462\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\uff1ahaving done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\uff09I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u505a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4ef6\u8fdd\u80cc\u4f60\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002
\u2463\u5b8c\u6210\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1ahaving been done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\uff09
Many customers complain of having been given short weight at that shop.\u5f88\u591a\u987e\u5ba2\u62b1\u6028\u5728\u90a3\u5bb6\u5546\u5e97\u88ab\u7f3a\u65a4\u5c11\u4e24\u8fc7\u3002
3. \u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd
\u2460\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1adoing \uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\uff09
He sat there\uff0creading a newspaper.\u4ed6\u5750\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u8bfb\u7740\u4e00\u5f20\u62a5\u7eb8\u3002
\u2461\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1abeing done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\uff09The area being studied may be rich in coal.\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bcc\u542b\u7164\u3002
\u2462\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f\uff1ahaving done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\uff09Having finished my homework\uff0cI began to watch TV.\u5b8c\u6210\u4f5c\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u770b\u7535\u89c6\u3002
\u2463\u5b8c\u6210\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1ahaving been done\uff08\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\uff09
Having been told many times\uff0cshe still can't remember it.\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u544a\u8bc9\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u5979\u4ecd\u7136\u8bb0\u4e0d\u4f4f\u3002
4. \u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\uff1adone
\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u6216\u5b8c\u6210\uff1b\u4e0d\u53ca\u7269\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u52a8\u6216\u5b8c\u6210\u3002
polluted river \u88ab\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u6cb3\u6d41\uff1bfallen leaves \u843d\u53f6
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u80fd\u8868\u793a\u65f6\u6001\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5373\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u5728\u548c\u8fc7\u53bb\u7b49\u65f6\u6001\u3002
\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u884c\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u4f5c\u6765\u8bf4\u7684\u3002\u548c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u884c\uff1b\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6765\uff1b\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u8868\u793a\u5b8c\u6210\u3002
\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u548c\u8bed\u6001
1. \u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u6001
\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u6216\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u82e5\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7528\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f(\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u6210\u5f0f)\uff0c\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u5c31\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u5f0f\u3002\u82e5\u4e0e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5e76\u5f3a\u8c03\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u60c5\u666f\u6216\u6301\u7eed\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u5f0f(\u73b0\u5728\u5206\u8bcd\u548c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u5747\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u5f0f)\u3002\u5982\uff1a
Having failed twice, he didn\u2019t want to try again. \u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\uff0c\u4e0d\u60f3\u518d\u8bd5\u4e86\u3002
He came in, followed by his secretary. \u4ed6\u8d70\u4e86\u8fdb\u6765\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7740\u4ed6\u7684\u79d8\u4e66\u3002
He seems to have caught a cold. \u4ed6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u611f\u5192\u4e86\u3002
He seems to be saying something. \u4ed6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5728\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002
2. \u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8bed\u6001
\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u6216-ing \u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5176\u903b\u8f91\u4e3b\u8bed\u82e5\u662f\u4e3b\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7528\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f0f\uff1b\u82e5\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7528\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\uff1a
Who is the woman being operated on? \u6b63\u5728\u52a8\u624b\u672f\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u662f\u8c01?
Did it need to be done so soon? \u8fd9\u4e8b\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u4e48\u5feb\u5c31\u505a\u5417?
\u6ce8\uff1a(1) \u8fc7\u53bb\u5206\u8bcd\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\u3002(2) \u6709\u4e9b\u975e\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u8981\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u52a8\u610f\u4e49\u3002
在和语态不存在着冲突，问题是可以同时表达的，比如Havibg been told that it would snow, he put on his coat.
这句话可以有两种翻译 ：
第一种：
I ate the cake made by myself
made by myself 为后置定语修饰cake 。
第二种：
I ate my self-made cake
self-made 作为一个复合形容词，来修饰cake。
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