配制0.10mol/L HCl 1.0L需用浓HCl（密度1.18g/cm3，含HCl质量分数为37%）多少毫升？ 欲配0.1mol/lHCL和0.10mol/LNaOH溶液各...
\u82e5\u8981\u914d\u52360.10mol/lHcl\u6eb6\u6db2500ml\uff0c\u6d53\u76d0\u9178\uff08\u5bc6\u5ea61.18g/ml\uff0c\u542b\u91cf37%\uff09\u591a\u5c11\u6beb\u5347\u7a00\u91ca\u524d\uff1a\u4f53\u79efVml\uff0c\u8d28\u91cf\u767e\u5206\u657037.5%\uff0c\u5bc6\u5ea61.19g/ml\u3002 m=V\u00d7\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373V\u00d71.19g/ml=\u7a00\u91ca\u524d\u6d53\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u6d53\u76d0\u9178\u8d28\u91cf\u00d7\u8d28\u91cf\u767e\u5206\u6570=\u7eaf\u76d0\u9178\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\uff1aV\u00d71.19g/ml\u00d737.5%=\u7eaf\u76d0\u9178\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u7a00\u91ca\u540e\uff1a\u4f53\u79ef250ml\uff0c\u6d53\u5ea60.1mol/L. 100ml/1000=0.25L\u30020.1L\u00d70.1mol/L=\u7eaf\u76d0\u9178\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cfn\u3002n=m/M m=n\u00d7M=0.25\u00d70.1\u00d736.46 \u6240\u4ee5\uff1aV\u00d71.19g/ml\u00d737.5%=100/1000\u00d70.1\u00d736.46 V=0.816ml \u7ea6\u9700\u8981\u6d53\u76d0\u91780.8ml.
\u56fa\u4f53\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\uff0c0.1mol/L\u4e58\u4ee5\u4f53\u79ef2L,\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u4e3a0.2mol\uff0c\u518d\u4e58\u4ee5\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf40\uff0c\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a8g\uff0c\u76d0\u9178\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981o.2mol\uff0c\u76d0\u9178\u76f8\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf36\uff0c\u9700\u89817.2g\uff0c\u518d\u9664\u4ee5\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e6.1L\uff0c\u6d53\u76d0\u9178\u4e3a\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u53d66.1L\u5c31\u884c\u4e86
首先计算37%盐酸的物质的量浓度c=1000*1.18*37%/36.5=12.0mol/L利用稀释公式：c1v1=c2v2，计算所需浓盐酸的体积，
v1=c2v2/c1=0.10*1000/12=8.33毫升。
绛旓細瑕閰嶅埗100mL娴撳害绾︿负0.10mol/L鐨 K2Cr2O7鏍囧噯婧舵恫锛岄渶瑕佹寜鐓т笅闈㈢殑姝ラ鎿嶄綔锛1. 璁＄畻鎵闇鐨 K2Cr2O7 鐨勮川閲忥細鎽╁皵璐ㄩ噺(M) = 294.18 g/mol 鎵闇鐗╄川鐨勬懇灏旀暟(n) = 0.10 mol/L 脳 0.100 L = 0.010 mol 鎵闇鐗╄川鐨勮川閲(m) = M 脳 n = 29.418 g 2. 灏嗚绠楀嚭鐨 K2Cr2O7 璐ㄩ噺绉...
绛旓細閰嶅埗0.10 mol/L NaOH 婧舵恫鐨勫疄楠屾楠ゅ涓嬶細鏉愭枡锛歂aOH鍥轰綋绮夋湯 绾按 50 mL瀹归噺鐡 绉伴噺鍣 纾佸姏鎼呮媽鍣ㄦ垨鐜荤拑妫 姝ラ锛氱О鍙4鍏婲aOH鍥轰綋绮夋湯锛屽苟鍔犲叆涓涓共鍑鐨50 mL瀹归噺鐡朵腑銆傚姞鍏ラ傞噺鐨勭函姘达紝鎼呮媽婧惰ВNaOH锛岀洿鑷虫憾娑蹭綋绉帴杩50 mL銆傚皢婧舵恫浣撶Н璋冩暣鑷50 mL锛屽彲浠ヤ娇鐢ㄧ鍔涙悈鎷屽櫒鎴栫幓鐠冩鍏呭垎娣峰悎銆傚皢婧...
绛旓細瑕閰嶅埗0.10鎽╁皵姣忓崌鐨凥Cl婧舵恫锛岄渶瑕佺煡閬撴墍闇鐨勮川閲忓垎鏁版祿搴﹀拰鎽╁皵璐ㄩ噺銆侶Cl鐨勬懇灏旇川閲忎负36.46 g/mol銆傞鍏堣绠楁墍闇HCl鐨勬懇灏旇川閲忎箻浠ユ墍闇鐨勬懇灏旀祿搴︼紝寰楀埌姣忓崌婧舵恫涓墍闇鐨勮川閲忎负锛0.10 mol/L 脳 36.46 g/mol = 3.646 g/L 鐒跺悗鏍规嵁鎵闇鐨勮川閲忓垎鏁拌绠楁墍闇鐨勫瘑搴︼紝鍗筹細蟻 = (0.37 脳 1...
绛旓細0.10mol?L-1鐨勬阿姘у寲閽犵殑婧舵恫鍚湁2.0g姘㈡哀鍖栭挔锛屾墍浠ユ憾娑茬殑浣撶Н涓2.0g40g/mol梅0.10mol/L=0.5L=500mL鎵浠ュ閲忕摱鐨勮鏍煎簲閫夋嫨500ml锛庢搷浣滄楠ゆ湁绉伴噺銆佹憾瑙ｃ佺Щ娑层佹礂娑ゃ佸畾瀹广佹憞鍖绛夋搷浣滐紝涓鑸敤鎵樼洏澶╁钩绉伴噺锛堜娇鐢ㄥ皬鐑ф澂锛夛紝鐢ㄨ嵂鍖欏彇鑽搧锛屽湪鐑ф澂锛堢儳鏉50mL鍗冲彲锛岃繃澶т娇鐢ㄤ笉鏂逛究锛変腑婧惰В锛屽苟...
绛旓細棣栧厛璁＄畻闇涔抽吀閽犵殑鎽╁皵鏁皀=0.10*0.25=0.025mol 鍒欐湁鎵闇涔抽吀閽犵殑璐ㄩ噺m=0.025*112=2.8g 鍒欐湁,鎵闇涔抽吀閽犵殑浣撶НV=2.8/112=0.025L 涔熷氨鏄疺=250ml
绛旓細瑙ｏ細 1000ml=1L HCl鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎负锛0.1mol/L脳1L=0.1mol HCl鐨勮川閲忎负锛 0.1mol脳36.5g/mol=3.65g 闇瑕佽川閲忓垎鏁颁负0.37鐨勬祿鐩愰吀鐨勮川閲忎负锛3.65g梅0.37=9.86g(鍙栧皬鏁扮偣鍚庝袱浣嶅皬鏁)闇瑕佹祿鐩愰吀鐨勪綋绉负锛9.86g梅1.19g/cm3=8.29cm3 鎵浠閰嶅埗0.10mol/L鐨凥Cl婧舵恫1000ml锛岄渶瑕佸瘑...
绛旓細棣栧厛璁＄畻37%鐩愰吀鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴=1000*1.18*37%/36.5=12.0mol/L 鍒╃敤绋閲婂叕寮忥細c1v1=c2v2锛岃绠楁墍闇娴撶洂閰哥殑浣撶Н锛寁1=c2v2/c1=0.10*1000/12=8.33姣崌銆
绛旓細涔抽吀閽犲垎瀛愰噺涓112锛屽嵆鎽╁皵璐ㄩ噺涓112g/mol銆傞偅涔0.10mol/L涔抽吀閽犳祿搴︿篃灏辨槸112*0.10=11.2g/L锛屽嵆0.0112g/ml銆250ml涔抽吀閽犳憾娑叉墍鍚憾璐ㄤ负0.0112*250锛坓锛夋墍浠ラ渶鐢112g/L涔抽吀閽犳憾娑茬殑浣撶Н涓0.0112*250/112=0.025锛圠锛0.025L涔熷氨鏄25ml銆
绛旓細c=n/v=(w*p*v)/(M*V)=(0.37*1.19*10^3*v)/(36.5*1)v=8.2898*10^(-3)L=8.2898ml
绛旓細涓嶅簲璇ュ姞姘80ml鍥犱负瑕佹兂閰嶇疆0.10mol/L鐨勭～閰歌鍐欐垚鈥滃姞鍏ヤ竴瀹氶噺鐨勬按锛屼娇婧舵恫鍙樹负0.1鍗団濊繖浜嬬殑婧舵恫娴撳害鎵嶆槸0.10mol/L锛屽洜涓烘按鐨勫瘑搴︿笌纭吀瀵嗗害涓嶇瓑锛20ml纭吀涓80ml姘存贩鍚堝悗鐨勪綋绉笉鏄100ml锛屾湜閲囩撼锛
