谁能告诉我一些F1的专业英文词汇？
F1\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6c47\uff08\u8981\u4e13\u4e1a \u5b98\u65b9\u7684\uff09F1 \u6280\u672f\u8bcd\u6c47\u626b\u76f2 Aerodynamics \u7a7a\u6c14\u52a8\u529b\u5b66
The study of airflow over and around an object and an intrinsic part of Formula One car design.
\u7a7a\u6c14\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u662f\u5bf9\u7269\u4f53\u56db\u5468\u4ee5\u53ca\u52a0\u8f7d\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u7684\u6c14\u6d41\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u662fF1\u8d5b\u8f66\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u6240\u5728
Apex \u5f2f\u9053\u9876\u70b9
The middle point of the inside line around a corner at which drivers aim their cars.
\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5f2f\u9053\u5185\u4fa7\u7ebf\u7684\u4e2d\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u8f66\u624b\u9a7e\u9a76\u8d5b\u8f66\u7406\u60f3\u884c\u9a76\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5904
Appeal \u4e0a\u8bc9
An action that a team takes on its drivers' behalf if it feels that they have been unfairly penalised by the race officials.
\u8fd9\u662f\u5f53\u8f66\u961f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u53d7\u5230\u8d5b\u4f1a\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u5904\u7f5a\u65f6\uff0c\u8f66\u961f\u5bf9\u7ef4\u62a4\u8f66\u624b\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3e\u63aa
Ballast \u538b\u8231\u7269
Weights fixed around the car to maximise its balance and bring it up to the minimum weight limit.
\u4e3a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8f66\u8eab\u91cd\u91cf\u5e73\u8861\u548c\u6ee1\u8db3\u6700\u8f7b\u8f66\u8eab\u91cd\u91cf\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u8d5b\u8f66\u5404\u5904\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u91cf\u4fee\u6574\u7528\u7684\u7269\u4f53
Bargeboard \u4fa7\u7bb1\u6574\u6d41\u677f
The piece of bodywork mounted vertically between the front wheels and the start of the sidepods to help smooth the airflow around the sides of the car.
\u5728\u524d\u8f66\u8f6e\u4e0e\u4fa7\u7bb1\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u5782\u76f4\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f66\u8eab\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff08\u6270\u6d41\u677f\u4e4b\u7c7b\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u8f66\u8eab\u4fa7\u90e8\u7684\u6c14\u6d41\u66f4\u52a0\u5e73\u7a33
Blistering \u8fc7\u70ed\uff08\u4f7f\u8d5b\u8f66\u8f6e\u80ce\u8131\u76ae \uff09
The consequence of a tyre, or part of a tyre, overheating. Excess heat can cause rubber to soften and break away in chunks from the body of the tyre. Blistering can be caused by the selection of an inappropriate tyre compound (for example, one that is too soft for circuit conditions), too high tyre pressure, or an improperly set up car.
\u8f6e\u80ce\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4e25\u91cd\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u8f6e\u80ce\u7684\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u8fc7\u70ed\u3002\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u6a61\u80f6\u53d8\u8f6f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u6a61\u80f6\u4ece\u8f6e\u80ce\u4e2d\u5265\u843d\u3002\u9020\u6210\u8131\u76ae\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u8f6e\u80ce\u5408\u6210\u7269\u8d28\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u8def\u51b5\u8fc7\u8f6f\u7684\u8f6e\u80ce\u662f\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684\u8f6e\u80ce\u6c14\u538b\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8f66\u8eab\u8f83\u8c03\u7b49\u539f\u56e0\u3002
Bodywork \u8f66\u4f53\uff08\u53ef\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u8f66\u8eab\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5462\uff1f\uff09
The carbon fibre sections fitted onto the monocoque before the cars leave the pits, such as the engine cover, the cockpit top and the nosecone.
\u8d5b\u8f66\u5728\u9a76\u51fa\u7ef4\u4fee\u7ad9\u4e4b\u524d\u7ed9\u5355\u4f53\u8f66\u8eab\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u78b3\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u50cf\u5f15\u64ce\u673a\u7f69\uff0c\u9a7e\u9a76\u8231\u9876\u90e8\u548c\u524d\u9f3b\u9525\u3002
Bottoming \u6258\u5e95
When a car's chassis hits the track surface as it runs through a sharp compression and reaches the bottom of its suspension travel.
\u5f53\u8f66\u8eab\u5e95\u76d8\u4e0e\u8d5b\u9053\u8868\u9762\u53d1\u751f\u522e\u64e6\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d5b\u8f66\u6b64\u65f6\u6b63\u6025\u5267\u7684\u6324\u538b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6b63\u597d\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8f66\u8eab\u60ac\u6302\u884c\u7a0b\u7684\u4f4e\u70b9\u3002
Brake balance \u5236\u52a8\u5e73\u8861
A switch in the cockpit to alter the split of the car's braking power between the front and the rear wheels according to a driver's wishes.
\u4f4d\u4e8e\u9a7e\u9a76\u8231\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u6362\u5f00\u5173\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u8f66\u624b\u610f\u613f\u5355\u72ec\u63a7\u5236\u524d\u540e\u8f66\u8f6e\u7684\u5236\u52a8\u529b\u5ea6\u3002
Chassis \u5e95\u76d8
The main part of a racing car to which the engine and suspension are attached is called the chassis.
\u5e95\u76d8\uff0d\u5927\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u90fd\u53f8\u7a7a\u89c1\u60ef\u4e86\uff0cF1\u7684\u8f66\u5b50\u4e5f\u5f97\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e00\u73a9\u610f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u627f\u8f7d\u5f15\u64ce\u4ee5\u53ca\u60ac\u6302\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u8d5b\u8f66\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002
Chicane \u51cf\u901f\u5f2f\uff08\u7ec4\u5408\u5f2f\uff1f\uff09
A tight sequence of corners in alternate directions. Usually inserted into a circuit to slow the cars, often just before what had been a high-speed corner.
\u4e00\u7ec4\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u7d27\u51d1\u8854\u63a5\u7684\u5f2f\u9053\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u5176\u5e03\u5c40\u5728\u8d5b\u9053\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u51cf\u7f13\u8d5b\u8f66\u8f66\u901f\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5904\u4e8e\u9ad8\u901f\u8d5b\u6bb5\u540e\u3002
Clean air \u65e0\u6270\u6d41\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u5e73\u7a33\u6c14\u4f53\u73af\u5883\uff09
Air that isn't turbulent, and thus offers optimum aerodynamic conditions, as experienced by a car at the head of the field.
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u4e1c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e71\u6d41\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6700\u4f73\u7a7a\u6c14\u52a8\u529b\u63d0\u4f9b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u50cf\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8001\u9053\u5730\u884c\u9a76\u5728\u9635\u5bb9\u7684\u524d\u90e8\u3002
Cockpit \u9a7e\u9a76\u8231
The section of the chassis in which the driver sits.
\u5e95\u76d8\u4e2d\u8f66\u624b\u4e58\u5750\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002
Compound \u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\uff08\u8f6e\u80ce\u9762\uff09
Tread compound is the part of any tyre in contact with the road and therefore one of the major factors in deciding tyre performance. The ideal compound is one with maximum grip but which still maintains durability and heat resistance. A typical Formula One race compound will have more than ten ingredients such as rubbers, polymers, sulphur, carbon black, oil and other curatives. Each of these includes a vast number of derivatives any of which can be used to a greater or lesser degree. Very small changes to the mix can change compound performance.
\u8f6e\u80ce\u8d34\u5730\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u662f\u8f6e\u80ce\u4e2d\u4e0e\u8d5b\u9053\u8def\u9762\u6700\u4e3a\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u8f6e\u80ce\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u4f7f\u8f6e\u80ce\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6293\u5730\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u826f\u597d\u7684\u8010\u4e45\u529b\u548c\u8010\u70ed\u6027\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684F1\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8d5b\u8f66\u7684\u590d\u5408\u80ce\u9762\u6750\u6599\u62e5\u6709\u4e0a\u5341\u79cd\u914d\u6599\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6a61\u80f6\u3001\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6750\u6599\u3001\u786b\u3001\u9ed1\u70df\u672b\u3001\u6cb9\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6dfb\u52a0\u7269\u8d28\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6bcf\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u91cf\u591a\u6216\u91cf\u5c11\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u6bd4\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6df7\u5408\u914d\u6bd4\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5c31\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002
Diffuser \u6c14\u6d41\u6269\u6563\u88c5\u7f6e
The rear section of the car's floor or undertray where the air flowing under the car exits. The design of the diffuser is crucial as it controls the speed at which the air exits. The faster its exit, the lower the air pressure beneath the car, and hence the more downforce the car generates.
\u8d5b\u8f66\u5e95\u76d8\u6216\u8005\u5e95\u90e8\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u662f\u6c14\u6d41\u4ece\u8f66\u8eab\u4e0b\u65b9\u6d41\u51fa\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u6c14\u6d41\u7684\u79bb\u5f00\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u7684\u3002\u6c14\u6d41\u79bb\u5f00\u901f\u5ea6\u6108\u5feb\uff0c\u6c14\u6d41\u5728\u8f66\u8eab\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u9876\u5347\u538b\u529b\u5c31\u6108\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u8d5b\u8f66\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4e0b\u538b\u529b\u3002
Downforce \u4e0b\u538b\u529b
The aerodynamic force that is applied in a downwards direction as a car travels forwards. This is harnessed to improve a car's traction and its handling through corners.
\u5f53\u8d5b\u8f66\u5411\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5411\u4e0b\u65b9\u5411\u52a0\u8f7d\u5728\u8f66\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u7a7a\u6c14\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u5b83\u5bf9\u63d0\u5347\u8d5b\u8f66\u7275\u5f15\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fc7\u5f2f\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002
Drag \u98ce\u963b
The aerodynamic resistance experienced as a car travels forwards.
\u8d5b\u8f66\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6240\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u52a8\u529b\u963b\u529b\u3002
Drive-through penalty \u7a7f\u8d8a\u7ef4\u4fee\u7ad9\u5904\u7f5a
One of two penalties that can be handed out at the discretion of the Stewards whilst the race is still running. Drivers must enter the pit lane, drive through it complying with the speed limit, and re-join the race without stopping.
\u5728\u6bd4\u8d5b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d5b\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e24\u79cd\u5904\u7f5a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u8f66\u624b\u4ee5\u89c4\u5219\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u9650\u5b9a\u901f\u5ea6\u7a7f\u8fc7\u7ef4\u4fee\u901a\u9053\u7136\u540e\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u6295\u5165\u6bd4\u8d5b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u671f\u95f4\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u7ad9\u3002(\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u591a\u6d88\u8017\u8f66\u624b20\u591a\u79d2\u7684\u65f6\u95f4)
Flat spot \u78e8\u5e73\u70b9
The term given to the area of a tyre that is worn heavily on one spot after a moment of extreme braking or in the course of a spin. This ruins its handling, often causing severe vibration, and may force a driver to pit for a replacement set of tyres.
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e13\u4e1a\u672f\u8bed\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u8f6e\u80ce\u78e8\u635f\u4e25\u91cd\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u7d27\u6025\u5236\u52a8\u540e\u6216\u8005\u5728\u8f66\u8eab\u6253\u8f6c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u8d5b\u8f66\u7684\u64cd\u63a7\u6027\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9020\u6210\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u8f66\u8eab\u9707\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u8f66\u624b\u88ab\u8feb\u8fdb\u7ad9\u66f4\u6362\u8f6e\u80ce\u3002
Formation lap \u7f16\u961f\u5708\uff08\u70ed\u80ce\u5708\uff09
The lap before the start of the race when the cars are driven round from the grid to form up on the grid again for the start of the race. Sometimes referred to as the warm-up lap or parade lap.
\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u6bd4\u8d5b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6bcf\u8f86\u8d5b\u8f66\u4ece\u8d77\u70b9\u53d1\u8f66\u884c\u9a76\u4e00\u5708\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u4f9d\u6b21\u6392\u597d\u540d\u6b21\u4ee5\u51c6\u5907\u5f00\u59cb\u6b63\u8d5b\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u70ed\u80ce\u5708\u6216\u8005\u662f\u961f\u5217\u5708\u3002
G-force G\u529b \uff08\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee51\u4e2a\u91cd\u529bG\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\uff09
A physical force equivalent to one unit of gravity that is multiplied during rapid changes of direction or velocity. Drivers experience severe G-forces as they corner, accelerate and brake.
\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u53d8\u5411\u6216\u53d8\u901f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f66\u624b\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u5916\u529b\u662f\u591a\u9879\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u53e0\u52a0\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u529b\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u8f66\u624b\u5728\u8f6c\u5f2f\u3001\u52a0\u901f\u548c\u5239\u8f66\u65f6\u5c31\u80fd\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u5267\u70c8\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u3002
Graining \u8f6e\u80ce\u9897\u7c92\u5316
When a car slides, it can cause little bits or rubber ('grains') to break away from the tyre's grooves. These then stick to the tread of the tyre, effectively separating the tyre from the track surface very slightly. For the driver, the effect is like driving on ball bearings. Careful driving can clear the graining within a few laps, but will obviously have an effect on the driver's pace. Driving style, track conditions, car set-up, fuel load and the tyre itself all play a role in graining. In essence, the more the tyre moves about on the track surface (ie slides), the more likely graining is.
\u5f53\u8d5b\u8f66\u4fa7\u6ed1\u65f6\uff0c\u8f6e\u80ce\u6c9f\u69fd\u5904\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0f\u7247\u6216\u7ec6\u5c0f\u9897\u7c92\u7684\u6a61\u80f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ece\u8f6e\u80ce\u4e0a\u6323\u8131\u3002\u7136\u540e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c0f\u9897\u7c92\u5c31\u7d27\u7d27\u8d34\u5728\u8f6e\u80ce\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4f7f\u8f6e\u80ce\u4e0e\u8d5b\u9053\u6709\u8f7b\u5fae\u7684\u8131\u79bb\u3002\u5bf9\u8f66\u624b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u90a3\u79cd\u611f\u89c9\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u5750\u5728\u6eda\u73e0\u8f74\u627f\u4e0a\u3002\u7a33\u5f53\u7684\u9a7e\u9a76\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ddd\u79bb\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u9897\u7c92\u6e05\u9664\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u4f1a\u6253\u4e71\u8f66\u624b\u7684\u8282\u594f\u3002\u9a7e\u9a76\u98ce\u683c\u3001\u8d5b\u9053\u8def\u51b5\u3001\u8f66\u8eab\u8f83\u8c03\u3001\u8f7d\u6cb9\u91cf\u548c\u8f6e\u80ce\u672c\u8eab\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u8f6e\u80ce\u9897\u7c92\u5316\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8d5b\u8f66\u5728\u8d5b\u9053\u4e0a\u6ed1\u52a8\u6108\u591a\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4fa7\u6ed1\uff09\uff0c\u8f6e\u80ce\u9897\u7c92\u5316\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5c31\u6108\u4e25\u91cd\u3002
Gravel trap \u7802\u77f3\u7f13\u51b2\u5e26
A bed of gravel on the outside of corners designed with the aim of bringing cars that fall off the circuit to a halt.
\u5728\u5f2f\u9053\u5916\u4fa7\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7802\u77f3\u5e26\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4ece\u8d5b\u9053\u7529\u51fa\u7684\u8d5b\u8f66\u505c\u6b62\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u603b\u7684\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u8d77\u5230\u7f13\u51b2\u4f5c\u7528\u3002
Grip \u6293\u5730\u529b
The amount of traction a car has at any given point, affecting how easy it is for the driver to keep control through corners.
\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u5df2\u77e5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8d5b\u8f66\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u7275\u5f15\u529b\u603b\u548c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u8f66\u624b\u5728\u8fc7\u5f2f\u65f6\u7684\u64cd\u63a7\u96be\u6613\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002
Installation lap \u6d4b\u8bd5\u5708
A lap done on arrival at a circuit, testing functions such as throttle, brakes and steering before heading back to the pits without crossing the finish line.
\u4e00\u822c\u8f66\u961f\u4e00\u62b5\u8fbe\u8d5b\u9053\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8ba9\u8d5b\u8f66\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u5708\u4ee5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5176\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6cb9\u95e8\u3001\u5236\u52a8\u88c5\u7f6e\u548c\u8f6c\u5411\u7b49\u3002\uff08\u4e00\u5708\u672b\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u9a76\u56de\u7ef4\u4fee\u7ad9\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u7a7f\u8fc7\u7ec8\u70b9\u7ebf\uff09
Jump start \u62a2\u53d1\u8f66\uff08\u5077\u8dd1 \uff09
When a driver moves off his grid position before the five red lights have been switched off to signal the start. Sensors detect premature movement and a jump start earns a driver a penalty.
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KERS \u8fd0\u52a8\u80fd\u91cf\u56de\u6536\u7cfb\u7edf
Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems, or KERS, are legal from 2009 onwards. KERS recover waste kinetic energy from the car during braking, store that energy and then make it available to propel the car. The driver has access to the additional power for limited periods per lap, via a 'boost button' on the steering wheel.
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\u9898\u5916\u8bdd\uff1a\u4e00\u76f4\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u7684F1\u73b0\u5982\u4eca\u4e5f\u201c\u53c2\u6742\u201d\u4e86\u4e00\u70b9\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ee5\u8d5b\u8f66\u6027\u80fd\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u4e8e\u6211\u770b\u6765FIA\u5bf9KERS\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u70b9\u201c\u9e21\u808b\u201d\u4e4b\u5acc\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4\uff0c\u505a\u603b\u6bd4\u4e0d\u505a\u597d\uff01
Left-foot braking \u5de6\u811a\u5239\u8f66
A style of braking made popular in the 1990s following the arrival of hand clutches so that drivers could keep their right foot on the throttle and dedicate their left to braking.
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Lollipop \u68d2\u68d2\u7cd6\u4eba \u7ef4\u4fee\u7ad9\u673a\u68b0\u56e2\u961f\u7684Leader\uff0c\u540d\u5b57\u5f88cool\uff0c\u8001\u5916\u771f\u6709\u60f3\u8c61\u529b
The sign on a stick held in front of the car during a pit stop to inform the driver to apply the brakes and then to engage first gear prior to the car being lowered from its jacks.
\u8d5b\u8f66\u8fdb\u7ad9\u540e\uff0c\u68d2\u68d2\u7cd6\u4eba\u5728\u8d5b\u8f66\u524d\u4e3e\u7740\u4e2a\u724c\u724c\uff0d\u4fe1\u53f7\u724c\uff08\u90a3\u771f\u662f\u663e\u6446\u554a\uff01 \uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u5bdf\u673a\u68b0\u5e08\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u8f66\u624b\u4f55\u65f6\u5239\u8f66\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\uff08\u5b8c\u6210\u8f6e\u80ce\u66f4\u6362\u540e\uff09\u901a\u77e5\u8f66\u624b\u5728\u8d5b\u8f66\u4ece\u5347\u8d77\u67b6\u4e0a\u843d\u4e0b\u4e4b\u524d\u5c06\u8d5b\u8f66\u6253\u52301\u6863\uff0d\u6302\u6863\u8d77\u6b65\u3002
Marshal \u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14 \u8d5b\u9053\u5de5\u4eba
A course official who oversees the safe running of the race. Marshals have several roles to fill, including observing the spectators to ensure they do not endanger themselves or the competitors, acting as fire wardens, helping to remove stranded cars/drivers from the track and using waving flags to signal the condition of the track to drivers.
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Monocoque \u5355\u8f66\u4f53
The single-piece tub in which the cockpit is located, with the engine fixed behind it and the front suspension on either side at the front.
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Oversteer \u8f6c\u5411\u8fc7\u5ea6
When a car's rear end doesn't want to go around a corner and tries to overtake the front end as the driver turns in towards the apex.
Paddles
Levers on either side of the back of a steering wheel with which a driver changes up and down the gearbox.This often requires opposite-lock to correct, whereby the driver turns the front wheels into the skid.
Paddock
An enclosed area behind the pits in which the teams keep their transporters and motor homes. There is no admission to the public.
Parc ferme
A fenced-off area into which cars are driven after qualifying and the race, where no team members are allowed to touch them except under the strict supervision of race stewards.
Pit board
A board held out on the pit wall to inform a driver of his race position, the time interval to the car ahead or the one behind, plus the number of laps of the race remaining.
Pit wall
Where the team owner, managers and engineers spend the race, usually under an awning to keep sun and rain off their monitors.
Pits
An area of track separated from the start/finish straight by a wall, where the cars are brought for new tyres and fuel during the race, or for set-up changes in practice, each stopping at their respective pit garages.
Plank
A hard wooden strip (also known as a skid block) that is fitted front-to-back down the middle of the underside of all cars to check that they are not being run too close to the track surface, something that is apparent if the wood is excessively worn.
Pole position
The first place on the starting grid, as awarded to the driver who recorded the fastest lap time in qualifying.
Practice
The periods on Friday and on Saturday morning at a Grand Prix meeting when the drivers are out on the track working on the set-up of their cars in preparation for qualifying and the race.
Protest
An action lodged by a team when it considers that another team or competitor has transgressed the rules.
Qualifying
The knock-out session on Saturday in which the drivers compete to set the best time they can in order to determine the starting grid for the race.
Reconnaissance lap
A lap completed when drivers leave the pits to assemble on the grid for the start. If a driver decides to do several, they must divert through the pit lane as the grid will be crowded with team personnel.
Retirement
When a car has to drop out of the race because of an accident or mechanical failure.
Ride height
The height between the track's surface and the floor of the car.
Safety Car
The course vehicle that is called from the pits to run in front of the leading car in the race in the event of a problem that requires the cars to be slowed.
Scrutineering
The technical checking of cars by the officials to ensure that none are outside the regulations.
Sectors
For timing purposes the lap is split into three sections, each of which is roughly a third of the lap. These sections are officially known as Sector 1, Sector 2 and Sector 3.
Shakedown
A brief test when a team is trying a different car part for the first time before going back out to drive at 100 percent to set a fast time.
Sidepod
The part of the car that flanks the sides of the monocoque alongside the driver and runs back to the rear wing, housing the radiators.
Slipstreaming
A driving tactic when a driver is able to catch the car ahead and duck in behind its rear wing to benefit from a reduction in drag over its body and hopefully be able to achieve a superior maximum speed to slingshot past before the next corner.
'Splash and dash'
A pit stop in the closing laps of the race when a driver calls in for just a few litres of fuel to be sure of making it to the finish.
Steward
One of three high-ranking officials at each Grand Prix appointed to make decisions.
Stop-go penalty
A penalty given that involves the driver calling at his pit and stopping for 10 seconds - with no refuelling or tyre-changing allowed.
Tear-off strips
See-through plastic strips that drivers fit to their helmet's visor before the start of the race and then remove as they become dirty.
Telemetry
A system that beams data related to the engine and chassis to computers in the pit garage so that engineers can monitor that car's behaviour.
Torque
Literally, the turning or twisting force of an engine, torque is generally used as a measure of an engine's flexibility. An engine may be very powerful, but if it has little torque then that power may only be available over a limited rev range, making it of limited use to the driver. An engine with more torque - even if it has less power - may actually prove quicker on many tracks, as the power is available over a far wider rev range and hence more accessible. Good torque is particularly vital on circuits with a number of mid- to slow-speed turns, where acceleration out of the corners is essential to a good lap time.
Traction
The degree to which a car is able to transfer its power onto the track surface for forward progress.
Traction control
A computerised system that detects if either of a car's driven (rear) wheels is losing traction - ie spinning - and transfers more drive to the wheel with more traction, thus using its more power efficiently. Outlawed from the 2008 season onwards.
Turbulence
The result of the disruption of airflow caused by an interruption to its passage, such as when it hits a rear wing and its horizontal flow is spoiled.
Tyre compound
The type of rubber mix used in the construction of a tyre, ranging from soft through medium to hard, with each offering a different performance and wear characteristic.
Tyre warmer
An electric blanket that is wrapped around the tyres before they are fitted to the car so that they will start closer to their optimum operating temperature.
Understeer
Where the front end of the car doesn't want to turn into a corner and slides wide as the driver tries to turn in towards the apex.
Undertray
A separate floor to the car that is bolted onto the underside of the monocoque.
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/ca5332dbad51f01dc281f13d.html \u7535\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u4e13\u4e1a\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6c47
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/3641903610661ed9ad51f375.html\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e13\u4e1a\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6c47
engine/motor 引擎
chassis 底盘
clutch 离合器
fuel tank 油箱
cylinder 汽缸
automatic transmission 变速箱
bonnet 车盖
electronic ignition system 电子点火系统
radiator 散热器
spot lamp 车灯
tire 轮胎
brake system 刹车系统
cockpit 驾驶舱
车内仪器
safety belt 安全带
wiper 拭雨器
window glass 车窗玻璃
seat 座位
helmet 头盔
steering wheel 方向盘
oil pressure gauge 油压表
dashboard 仪表盘
speedometer 速度表
人员
driver 车手
team manager 车队经理
the support crew 后勤人员
sponsor 赞助商
spectator 观众
rookie新手
technical consultant 技术顾问
co-driver 领航员
pit crew 后勤维修人员
constructor 制造商
赛制
practice 练习赛
formula-1 racing 一级方程式赛车
formula-3 racing 三级方程式赛车
rally 拉力赛
后勤装备
pit 维修站
pit stop 停站
pit lane 维修道
steering box 转向机
surviving cell 救生室
water pump 水泵
paddock 装备区
其它
chicane 减速弯道
hairpin 发夹弯道
dirty air 乱流
down force 下压力
grid 排位
starting grid 起跑排位
pole position 杆位
qualifying 排位赛
slicks 光头胎
race number 赛车号码
safety car 安全车
F1赛专用语解释
Grand Prix： 国际汽车大奖赛( 大奖赛。
第一场国际赛车大奖赛于1906年在法国勒芒举行。
Championship points： F1年度锦标积分制；F1的年度锦标分为两种：车手锦标及车队锦标。计分方式是采用积分制，车手与车队的积分都是相加累积的。F1赛事成绩的评分是由国际汽联(FIA: Federation Internationale De L'Automobile)依据每站赛程比赛的结果来评定。每站F1比赛的第一名车手和车队各得10分、第二名各得8分、第三名6分、第四名5分、第五名4分、第六名3分、第七名2分、第八名1分。
Chassis：车身底盘 (赛车的基本架构包括悬吊系统、钢圈轮胎及其他各类车材的组合。一辆高科技F1赛车的车身底盘是由碳纤维板和其他材料合制成的，底盘非常轻巧而且强力大耐用。它通常是一部赛车的编号来源。
Cockpit：驾驶舱；F1车手乘坐的区域，它根据车手的体形量身订做的。但作为车队的第三辆赛车却不能兼顾两位车手的体形，所以它通常按照车队第一号车手的体形来设计。
Constructor：制造商/车队；F1赛车的制造商是指车身底盘的制造者，而不是指引擎制造商。按照规定，底盘制造者的名字通常是放在引擎制造商名字的前面，在一级方程式锦标赛中，车队冠军的荣耀是颁给车身底盘制造商的。
Chicane：减速弯道；这个英文单词的中文直译是"诈骗"的意思，但在F1赛车中，指的是在直线赛道上设置的连续弯道，用来降低赛车的车速。
Hairpin：发夹弯道；难度非常高，车手驾控非常棘手的弯道，通常是180度象发夹似的弯道路段。
Dirty air：乱流；急驶中的赛车所产生的不同方向、不同角度的气流。乱流会干扰紧随其后的其他赛车所产生的气流，从而影响（减少）空气流动中所产生的下压力，这就会使紧随其后的赛车驾控受到影响，赛车有可能会打滑失控。
Down force：下压力 ；赛车的车身，车翼及悬吊系统在高速行驶的过程中，因空气流动的作用而产生向下的压力。下压力随着赛车速度的增加会产生的更强，从而使赛车的抓地力增强。
Wind tunnel：风洞 ；用于开发赛车的空气动力学套件，它的目的是在保证赛车获得足够下压力的情况下所受的空气阻力最小，以提高赛车的速度和高速行驶的稳定性。风洞由于运转需要巨大的能量和配备精密的电子仪器量，所以开支极其巨大。
Grid：排位；赛车决赛时起跑的排列位置，是按照排位赛的比赛结果而排列确定的。赛车排列置于两赛车交错的行列，最前端的赛车领先下一辆赛车有8米远的间隔距离。
Starting grid：起跑排位 ；根据车手的赛车在排位赛的成绩来排定其赛车的起跑的位置。
Pole position：杆位 ；又称为P.P.，由周六下午排位赛取得的名次而定，以赛车所跑单圈最快的成绩来确定车手在决赛起跑时最前面的排头位。
Qualifying：排位赛；分为两部分，分别在周五和周六进行，每辆赛车只能做一圈排位。周五排位赛发车的顺序按照前一站比赛成绩（新赛季首站按上一年世锦赛成绩）。周六排位赛发车顺序按照周五排位赛得出名次的倒顺序，即慢车先排位，快车最后排位。决赛排位是以周六的排位赛名次成绩为准，第一名的赛车手决赛起跑位置称为杆位。
Paddock：装备区；设在赛事赛道的起跑位附近，这是车队管理和休息区及运输车辆停放的地方。
Pit：维修区；用于车队摆放赛车并在比赛前调试赛车以及比赛时完成进站维修等工作的地方，这是车队比赛周末工作的核心地。
Pit lane：维修道；经过特殊设计的在维修站前的通道，是赛车从维修站进入赛道或离开赛道返回维修站的通道。维修道是有严格速度限制的路段，一般速度限制在80-120公里/时速( 即每小时50-74英哩)，不同的赛道有不同的限速规定。
Pit stop：停站；车手加油及换轮胎的地方，进维修站的时机及次数是每个车队比赛的重要策略。
Slicks：光头胎；在干燥路面上使用的没有胎纹的赛车轮胎，也称“干胎”。光头胎于1998年的赛季前被有四条直纹沟槽的轮胎（干胎）给取代了，这些沟槽是用来降低赛车过弯道时的速度。
Pit crew：后勤维修人员；指在维修区负责车队的工程师和技师。
Race number：赛车号码；在新赛季之前FIA会根据前一年的车手排名，给予每辆F1赛车一个号码，此号码必须是很清楚地展示于车体的车鼻翼两侧。13这个数字西方人特别忌讳，因此在赛车号码中，是没有13号的。
Safety car：安全车；是一辆闪着黄色车灯的奔驰车，车身贴有Safety Car的标志。安全车的驾驶者很有经验，车上装有与控制台联络的通讯系统。
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