急求:英汉语句子结构上的区别与共同点 中英文句子结构有哪些差异，翻译有哪些技巧
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\u4f8b1\uff1aAll the prayers said the same: There was a God Who sees, Who hears, Who takes pity on man, Who contains His wrath, Who forgives sin, Who wants men to repent, Who punishes evil deeds, Who rewards good deeds in this world and \u2014 what was even more \u2014 in the other.
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\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aWhen a woman is unmarried, she is to live for her father; when married, she is to live for her husband; and, as a widow, she is to live for her children. \uff08\u8f9c\u9e3f\u94ed\u8bd1\uff09
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\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4e92\u8bd1\u5bf9\u7b56\u63a2\u8ba8
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\u4f8b3\uff1aIf Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u51ac\u5929\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u6625\u5929\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8fdc\u5417\uff1f
\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u8bb8\u591a\u82f1\u8bed\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5728\u7ffb\u8bd1if\u4ece\u53e5\u65f6\u603b\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u201c\u5982\u679c\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u89c1\u5230when\u65f6\u603b\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u201c\u5f53\u201d\u2026\u2026\u8bd1\u6587\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u5047\u8bbe\u8fde\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u5047\u8bbe\u5173\u7cfb\u8574\u542b\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u6c49\u8bed\u7684\u201c\u610f\u5883\u7f8e\u201d\u3002
\u4f8b4\uff1aThis was an intelligently organized and fervent meeting in a packed Town Hall, with Mr. Strong in the chair.
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u5e02\u653f\u5385\u91cc\u6765\u5bbe\u6d4e\u6d4e\u4e00\u5802\uff0c\u70ed\u60c5\u6d0b\u6ea2\uff0c\u4e3b\u6301\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u662f\u65af\u7279\u6717\u5148\u751f\u3002
\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u201cfervent\u201d\u548c\u201cpacked\u201d\u5206\u522b\u8bd1\u6210\u4e86\u77ed\u8bed\u201c\u70ed\u60c5\u6d0b\u6ea2\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6d4e\u6d4e\u4e00\u5802\u201d\uff1b\u72ec\u7acb\u4e3b\u683c\u201cwith Mr. Strong in the chair\u201d\u8bd1\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u53e5\u3002
\u4f8b5\uff1a\u4e0d\u77e5\u82e6\u4e2d\u82e6\uff0c\u54ea\u77e5\u751c\u4e2d\u751c\uff1f
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aIf you have never tasted the bitterness of gall, how can you know the sweetness of honey?
\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u8fd9\u53e5\u6c49\u8bed\u867d\u7136\u5916\u5f62\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u5047\u8bbe\u8fde\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u5185\u542b\u5047\u8bbe\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u8bed\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u8fde\u63a5\u8bcd\u3002
\u4f8b6\uff1a\u6709\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u51ac\u521d\uff0c\u56db\u53d4\u5bb6\u91cc\u8981\u6362\u5973\u5de5\uff0c\u505a\u4e2d\u4eba\u7684\u536b\u8001\u5a46\u5b50\u5e26\u5979\u8fdb\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u5934\u4e0a\u624e\u7740\u767d\u5934\u7ef3\uff0c\u4e4c\u88d9\uff0c\u84dd\u5939\u8884\uff0c\u6708\u767d\u80cc\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e74\u7eaa\u5927\u7ea6\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u4e03\uff0c\u8138\u8272\u9752\u9ec4\uff0c\u4f46\u4e24\u988a\u5374\u8fd8\u662f\u7ea2\u7684\u3002\uff08\u9c81\u8fc5\uff1a\u300a\u795d\u798f\u300b\uff09
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aEarly one winter, when my uncle\u2019s family wanted a new maid, Old Mrs. Wei the go-between brought her along. She had a white mourning band round her hair and was wearing a black skirt, blue jacket, and pale green bodice. Her age was about twenty-six, and though her face was sallow her cheeks were red. \uff08\u6768\u5baa\u76ca\u8bd1\uff09
\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u539f\u6587\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u53f7\uff0c\u8bd1\u6587\u5219\u5206\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e09\u53e5\u8bdd\u3002\u539f\u6587\u91cc\u524d\u9762\u4e24\u53e5\u7684\u5e76\u5217\u5173\u7cfb\u5728\u8bd1\u6587\u91cc\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e3b\u4ece\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u56db\u53d4\u5bb6\u91cc\u8981\u6362\u5973\u5de5\u201d\u8bd1\u6210\u4e86\u7531\u201cwhen\u201d\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u7136\u540e\u53e6\u8d77\u4e24\u53e5\uff0c\u5148\u8bf4\u7965\u6797\u5ac2\u7684\u7a7f\u6234\uff0c\u518d\u8bf4\u5979\u7684\u5bb9\u8c8c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e24\u53e5\u90fd\u662f\u4e3b\u8c13\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u8fde\u8bcd\u9f50\u5168\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u82f1\u8bed\u884c\u6587\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u539f\u6587\u91cc\u5199\u7965\u6797\u5ac2\u7684\u7a7f\u6234\u65f6\u7528\u7684\u662f\u65e0\u4e3b\u53e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b63\u597d\u7b26\u5408\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u542b\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u8bed\u65f6\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e86\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8bd1\u6587\u91cc\u8fd8\u52a0\u8bd1\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u767d\u5934\u7ef3\u201d\u8bd1\u6210\u201ca white mourning band\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bfb\u8005\u5f53\u7136\u77e5\u9053\u201c\u767d\u5934\u7ef3\u201d\u8868\u793a\u7965\u6797\u5ac2\u6b63\u5728\u6234\u5b5d\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u8bd1\u6587\u4e0d\u52a0\u8bd1\u201cmourning\u201d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5916\u56fd\u8bfb\u8005\u6050\u6015\u5c31\u96be\u4ee5\u6293\u4f4f\u8fd9\u4e00\u5185\u542b\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4fe1\u606f\u4e86\u3002
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\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u8868\u73b0\u7279\u5f81
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\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4e92\u8bd1\u5bf9\u7b56\u63a2\u8ba8
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\u4f8b1\uff1aIt may seem strange to put into the same packet an industrial revolution and two political revolutions.
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5c06\u4e00\u6b21\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u540c\u4e24\u6b21\u653f\u6cbb\u9769\u547d\u76f8\u63d0\u5e76\u8bba\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u4e9b\u5947\u602a\u3002
\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u201cIt may seem strange\u201d\u662f\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u89c2\u8bc4\u8bba\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5728\u82f1\u6c49\u4e24\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u8bed\u5e8f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u8bc4\u8bba\u5185\u5bb9\u5e38\u5e38\u653e\u5728\u53e5\u9996\uff0c\u800c\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\u8bc4\u8bba\u5185\u5bb9\u5f80\u5f80\u653e\u5728\u540e\u9762\u3002\u5728\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65f6\u6ce8\u610f\u8c03\u6574\u8bed\u5e8f\u3002
\u4f8b2\uff1aI warmly welcome those reforms and that success.
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6211\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u9769\u53ca\u5176\u6210\u529f\u8868\u793a\u70ed\u70c8\u6b22\u8fce\u3002
\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u539f\u6587\u5148\u8868\u6001\uff0c\u518d\u9648\u8ff0\u3002\u8bd1\u6587\u5c06\u201cwarmly welcome\u201d\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u8868\u793a\u70ed\u70c8\u6b22\u8fce\u201d\u653e\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u6c49\u8bed\u201c\u91cd\u5fc3\u5728\u540e\u201d\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002
\u4f8b3\uff1a\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u80fd\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u8fd9\u672c\u6563\u6587\u96c6\u5b50\u4f5c\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5f88\u8363\u5e78\u3002\uff08\u51b0\u5fc3\uff1a\u300a\u65e7\u68a6\u91cd\u6e29\u300b\uff09
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aI find it a great honour to be asked to write a preface to this collection of his essays. \uff08\u5e84\u7ece\u4f20\u8bd1\uff09
\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u539f\u6587\u53d9\u4e8b\u5728\u524d\uff0c\u8868\u6001\u5728\u540e\uff0c\u800c\u8bd1\u6587\u521a\u597d\u5012\u8f6c\u4e86\u8bed\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ee5\u201cit\u201d\u4f5c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u5c06\u539f\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u90e8\u5206\u8bd1\u6210\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u771f\u6b63\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u82f1\u8bed\u6f14\u7ece\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002
\u4f8b4\uff1a\u53cc\u65b9\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e3a\u5947\u3002
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aThere is nothing surprising about the two sides having different opinions.
\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u539f\u6587\u4e2d\u6c49\u8bed\u53d9\u4e8b\u5728\u524d\uff0c\u8868\u6001\u5728\u540e\u3002\u8bd1\u6587\u5c06\u8868\u793a\u8bc4\u8bba\u6027\u7684\u201cThere is nothing surprise\u201d\u653e\u5728\u53e5\u9996\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\u53e5\u5b50\u91cd\u5fc3\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u3002
\u4e09\u3001\u82f1\u8bed\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8bed\u663e\u8457\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6c49\u8bed\u4e3a\u4e3b\u9898\u663e\u8457\u8bed\u8a00
\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u8868\u73b0\u7279\u5f81
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\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4e92\u8bd1\u5bf9\u7b56\u63a2\u8ba8
\u82f1\u8bd1\u6c49\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u5c3d\u91cf\u628a\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u53e5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u6c49\u8bed\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u53e5\u6216\u65e0\u4e3b\u53e5\uff0c\u53ef\u9002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u53eb\u3001\u53d7\u3001\u7ed9\u3001\u52a0\u4ee5\u3001\u7ecf\u8fc7\u201d\u7b49\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u4f53\u73b0\u539f\u6587\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u8fd8\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4fd7\u6210\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u201cIt is said that\u2026\u201d\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u636e\u8bf4\u2026\u2026\u201d\uff0c\u201cIt is believed that\u2026\u201d\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u2026\u2026\u201d\uff0c\u201cIt is generally accepted that\u2026\u201d\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u4eba\u4eec\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u2026\u2026\u201d\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u6c49\u8bd1\u82f1\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8bbe\u6cd5\u5c06\u6c49\u8bed\u91cc\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u53e5\u6216\u65e0\u4e3b\u53e5\u8bd1\u6210\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\u3002
\u4f8b1\uff1aWhen the whale is killed, the blubber is stripped off and boiled down, either on board ship or on shore.
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\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u539f\u6587\u6709\u4e09\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\uff0c\u8bd1\u6210\u6c49\u8bed\u65f6\u90fd\u8bd1\u6210\u4e86\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5185\u542b\u88ab\u52a8\u610f\u4e49\u3002
\u4f8b2\uff1aWhy should all the unpleasant jobs be pushed onto me?
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u603b\u662f\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9ebb\u70e6\u4e8b\u90fd\u63a8\u7ed9\u6211\u5462\uff1f
\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u6c49\u8bed\u8bd1\u6587\u91c7\u7528\u65e0\u4e3b\u53e5\uff0c\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u88ab\u52a8\u542b\u4e49\u3002
\u4f8b3\uff1aIt is suggested that we check the report again.
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6709\u4eba\u5efa\u8bae\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6838\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e0b\u62a5\u544a\u3002
\u4f8b4\uff1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6539\u6b63\u3002
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aWrongs must be righted when they are discovered.
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\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u8868\u73b0\u7279\u5f81
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\u4f8b1\uff1aHe has lived in the room whose window faces south since he was born.
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\u603b\u4f53\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u6c49\u8bed\u8bed\u5e8f\u6bd4\u8f83\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u5e8f\u65e2\u76f8\u5bf9\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u7075\u6d3b\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u82f1\u6c49\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u8bed\u5e8f\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u72b6\u8bed\u548c\u5b9a\u8bed\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u5c24\u5176\u96be\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u3002\u8bd5\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0b\u9762\u4f8b\u53e5\uff1a
\u4f8b2\uff1aNearly everyone knows the story of \u201cthe dog that worried the cat that caught the rat that ate the grain that lay in the house that Jack built.\u201d
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u51e0\u4e4e\u4eba\u4eba\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\uff1a\u201c\u6770\u514b\u76d6\u4e86\u623f\uff0c\u623f\u91cc\u5806\u4e86\u7cae\uff0c\u8017\u5b50\u628a\u7cae\u98df\u5403\u5149\uff0c\u732b\u628a\u8017\u5b50\u6293\u4f24\uff0c\u72d7\u53c8\u628a\u732b\u903c\u4e0a\u4e86\u623f\u3002\u201d
\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u539f\u6587\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u957f\u4e32\u7531that\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee3\u8bcdthat\u5728\u4ece\u53e5\u4e2d\u6216\u5145\u5f53\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u6216\u5145\u5f53\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4ece\u53e5\u7684\u5148\u884c\u8bcd\u53c8\u521a\u597d\u5728\u7d27\u6328\u7740\u5b83\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u53e5\u6216\u77ed\u8bed\u91cc\u6216\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\uff0c\u6216\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u5c42\u5c42\u5411\u524d\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4fee\u9970\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5148\u884c\u8bcdthe dog\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u679c\u91c7\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5b9a\u8bed\u6807\u5fd7\u201c\u7684\u201d\u5b57\u53e5\u5f0f\u6765\u8bd1\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5f97\u901a\u987a\u7684\u3002\u8bd1\u6587\u5c06\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u7684\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u4ece\u6574\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u8131\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4ece\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u5f00\u59cb\u5f80\u524d\u8bd1\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5012\u63a8\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u98a0\u5012\u4e86\u539f\u6587\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u5c06\u4e94\u4e2a\u5b9a\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u8bd1\u6210\u4e86\u4e94\u4e2a\u5e76\u5217\u5206\u53e5\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8bd1\u6587\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u70b9\u4e5f\u7279\u522b\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u8fde\u7528\u4e94\u4e2athat\uff0c\u800c\u8bd1\u6587\u91cc\u7684\u4e94\u4e2a\u5206\u53e5\u8fde\u7eed\u62bc\u97f5\uff0c\u8db3\u89c1\u8bd1\u8005\u5728\u6587\u5b57\u4e0a\u771f\u662f\u505a\u8db3\u4e86\u5de5\u592b\u3002
\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4e92\u8bd1\u5bf9\u7b56\u63a2\u8ba8
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\u4f8b3\uff1aTake your umbrella, lest it should rain.
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5e26\u4e0a\u4f60\u7684\u4f1e\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u4e0b\u96e8\u3002
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u8bd1\u6587\u4e2d\u72b6\u8bed\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u539f\u6587\u4e00\u81f4\u3002
\u4f8b4\uff1aMetals expand when heated and contract when cooled.
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u91d1\u5c5e\u70ed\u80c0\u51b7\u7f29\u3002
\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8bd1\u6587\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6d53\u7f29\uff0c\u4ecd\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u539f\u6587\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u72b6\u8bed\u4ece\u53e5\u90fd\u63d0\u524d\u505a\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u3002
\u4f8b5\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u8bb0\u5f97\u4ed6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u4e0d\u591a\u4e86\u3002
\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aThere are few people, if any, who remember him.
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\u4f8b6\uff1aHappiness is a butterfly, which, when pursued, is always just beyond your grasp, but which, if you will sit down quietly, may alight upon you.
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\u4f8b7\uff1aEinstein, who worked out the famous Theory of Relativity, won the Nobel Prize in 1921.
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\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aHe who doesn\u2019t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
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英语是形合型(hypotaxis)语言，句子以主谓结构为主干，以谓语动词为中心通过大量反映形式关系的动词不定式、分词、介词、连词、关系代词、关系副词等把句子其他成分层层搭架，呈现出由中心向外扩展的空间图式。汉语则属于意合型(parataxis)语言，即通过多个动词的连用或“流水句”，按时间顺序，一件一件事交代清楚，一层一层铺开，呈现的是一个时间顺序的流水图式。复合句是英语的特色，而连动句、流水句是汉语的特点。学习者在写作中造句时遇到的障碍是：不习惯将自己的思想用繁多的形式手法表现出来。汉语对英语写作的干扰表现为：作文中残缺旬、溶合句、一连串的简单句或连串旬式雷同的复合句充斥全篇。如：“The trees are bare．The grass is brown．The landscaoe seemsdrab．"这是个溶合旬，3个句子用逗号断开，与汉语句式一模一样。地道的英语应表述为；“The brown grass and bare treesform a drab landscape．”英汉句子结构方面存在的诸多差异，使学习者往往不自觉地用母语句子结构的形式，作为他们思维过程中构成一个思想的模式，当他们以英语对这一思想作出书面表达时，英语句子在结构上就明显带着汉语句子的痕迹，出现“翻译腔”。因此，在进行英语写作时，应注意句子从意合到形合的转换，把多个汉语句子表达的信息通过各种修饰限制关系容纳剑一个复杂的句子中。同时，再对常用的从句做点句法的修改，就可点石成金。
2实用状语句式举例
2．1状语从句的应用
英语语言本身起连接过渡作用的词语特别多，且这类词语在语段中出现的频率相当高。而汉语在许多情况下并不需要一定的语法手段或者其他语言手段(相当于英语中的过渡词语)来表现。由于没有注意到过渡词的运用，结果写出的语段缺乏连贯性(如上所示)。但是当学习者意识到这点差别时，就会很注意使用意义明确的连词，句子中频现because，although,so…that…等等，却忽略了一些类似连词作用的介词和介词词组。比如：
1．)Sendusamessagein caseyouhaveanydifficulty．万一有什么困难就给我一个信儿。
2．)Weagreetorentthehouseon conditionthatthe roofbe repaired。如果把房顶修好，我们同意租用这房子。
当文中的句子全是完整的状语从句时，整篇文章显得呆板，罗嗦，因此，可适当地做些省略，是句子既连贯，又简洁。
1．)Eventhoughdefeatedfora secondtime,hedidnotgivein。他虽然第二次被击败，但不屈服。
2．)Not wantingto interruptthem，he remained motionless,as ifasleep．他不愿打搅他们，就一动不动，仿佛在睡觉。
2．2短语的应用
同一句型的反复应用，会给人平庸之感。尽管没有语法错误，可实在难登大雅之堂。因此，用短语来替代从句，就不失为一个好方法。长短旬的运用，使文章读起来有抑扬顿挫之感。多样的句式使句子显得精炼，紧凑，并赋予文章一种文体美，显得生动活泼，富于节奏变化。
①介词引出的状语
1)In some countrynomajorbusinessisconductedwithout requiringface-to-face conversation．在有些国家，做成大生意都需要面对面的交谈。
2．)Very few arrive inthe U．S．A．with all the detail worked out.很少有人在到达美国时，就把一切细节都安排妥帖了的。
②分词做状语
1．)Hemistookmeforateacher,causingme some embarrassment．他误把我当成了老师， 使我有些尴尬。
2)Praisedbytheneighbors,hebecametheprideofhisparents．受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。
⑨形容词做状语
1)Unwillingtoacceptthejob,he stillnoddedhisagreemenL虽说他不愿意接受这个任务，但他还是点头同意了。
2)．Well aware ofthe dangex ofrock-climbing,he still loved and indulged in it aS before．尽管他很清楚攀岩的危险，但他仍乐此不疲。
④独立主格结构做状语
1)TimeisoneofthetwoelementsthatAmericans save carefully,theotherbeinglabor．一时问是美国人注意节约的两个要素之一，另一个则是劳力。
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