“勾践之困会稽也，喟然叹曰:‘吾终于此乎’？种曰：‘汤系夏台……二岁而吴归蠡。’”的意思是什么？ 越王勾践 解释
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译文：勾践被困勾践困于会稽在会稽时，曾感叹说:"我将在此了结一生吗?"种说:"商汤被囚禁在夏台，周文王被围困在羑(yǒu，有)里，晋国重耳逃到翟，齐国小白逃到莒，他们都终于称王称霸天下。由此观之，我们今日的处境何尝不可能成为福分呢?"
吴王已经赦免了越王，于是勾践回国后，就自苦其身，苦心思虑，把苦胆挂到座位上，坐着躺着仰头都能看见苦胆，吃饭时也尝尝苦胆。还说:"你忘记会稽的耻辱了吗?"他亲身耕作，夫人亲手织布，吃饭从未有荤菜。从不穿有颜色的衣服，放下架子把自己放在有德才的人的下面，能委曲求全，招待宾客热情诚恳，救济穷人，悼慰死者，与百姓共同劳作。
出处：选自《史记·越王勾践世家》。
启示：卧薪尝胆这个成语，后来常用来激励人们忍辱负重，刻苦自励，发奋图强。
文言知识：通假字 通假字也称"古字通假"，是指古书上用一个声音相同或相近、有时形体也相近的字，来代替另一个字使用的现象。其中被代替的字，叫"本字"，用来代替的字，叫"通假字"。如上文"越王勾践反国"中的"反"就是通假字，"反"代替"返"，"返"即是本字。又如，"置胆于坐"中的"坐"也是通假字，"坐"代替"座";"女忘稽之耻耶"中的"女"也是通假字，"女"代替"汝"。古书中通假现象很多，如果不明通假，就会望文生义，导致误解。
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