一辆电动自行车的铭牌L给出的技术参数如下：车型：26”电动自行车 电瓶：电动势36V，内阻0.25Ω整车
\u4e00\u8f86\u7535\u52a8\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u7684\u94ed\u724c\u4e0a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u6280\u672f\u53c2\u6570\u8868 \u89c4 \u683c \u540e\u8f6e\u9a71\u52a8\u76f4\u6d41\u7535\u52a8\u673a \u8f66\u578b 26\uff081\uff09\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u603b\u7684\u529f\u7387\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a\uff1aP\u603b=UI=36\u00d73.5=126W\uff0c\u7531\u56fe\u8868\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u529f\u7387\u4e3a110W\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u5728\u989d\u5b9a\u7535\u538b\u4e0b\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e3a\uff1a\u03b7=P\u8f93\u51faP\u603b\u00d7100%=110126\u00d7100%=87%\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u5f53\u7535\u52a8\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u7684\u7275\u5f15\u529b\u548c\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u963b\u529b\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u76f8\u7b49\u65f6\uff0c\u7535\u52a8\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5230\u8fbe\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u7535\u52a8\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u963b\u529b\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a\uff1af=0.020mg=0.020\u00d7\uff0830+70\uff09\u00d710=20N\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7531P=FV\u53ef\u7684\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a\uff1aV=PF=Pf=11020m/s=5.5m/s\uff0c\uff083\uff09\u5f53\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3av1=1.0m/s\u65f6\uff0c\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u7275\u5f15\u529b\u4e3a\uff1aF1=Pv1=1101=110N\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u725b\u987f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u53ef\u5f97\uff1aa=F1?fm=110?20100=0.90m/s2\uff0e\uff084\uff09\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u635f\u5931\u7684\u529f\u7387\u4e3a\uff1a126W-110W=16W\uff0c\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u7ed5\u7ebf\u7535\u963b\u53d1\u70ed\u7684\u529f\u7387\u4e3a\uff1aP\u70ed=16\u00d780%=12.8W\uff0c\u6839\u636eP\u70ed=I2r\u53ef\u5f97\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u7ed5\u7ebf\u7535\u963b\u4e3a\uff1ar=P\u70edI2=12.83\uff0e52\u03a9=1.0\u03a9\uff0e\u7b54\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u6b64\u8f66\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u5728\u989d\u5b9a\u7535\u538b\u4e0b\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e3a87%\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u5728\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u4ee5\u989d\u5b9a\u529f\u7387\u63d0\u4f9b\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b64\u4eba\u9a91\u8f66\u884c\u9a76\u7684\u6700\u5927\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a5.5m/s\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u5728\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u4ee5\u989d\u5b9a\u529f\u7387\u63d0\u4f9b\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u8f66\u901f\u4e3av1=1.0m/s\u65f6\uff0c\u6b64\u4eba\u9a91\u8f66\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a0.90m/s2\uff1b\uff084\uff09\u5047\u8bbe\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u635f\u5931\u7684\u529f\u7387\u670980%\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u7535\u673a\u7ed5\u7ebf\u7535\u963b\u751f\u70ed\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u7ed5\u7ebf\u7535\u963b\u4e3a1.0\u03a9\uff0e
\uff081\uff09\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u5728\u989d\u5b9a\u7535\u538b\u4e0b\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u7535\u529f\u7387\u4e3a\uff1aP=UI=40\u00d73.5W=140W\uff0e\uff082\uff09\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u7535\u529f\u7387\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u673a\u68b0\u529f\u7387\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u70ed\u529f\u7387\uff0c\u800c\u673a\u68b0\u529f\u7387\u548c\u70ed\u529f\u7387\u4e4b\u548c\u4e3a\u7535\u529f\u7387\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8868\u4e2d\u53f3\u680f\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u989d\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u529f\u7387\u201d\u4e0e\uff081\uff09\u4e2d\u6240\u8ba1\u7b97\u7535\u529f\u7387\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u5f53\u7275\u5f15\u529b\u7b49\u4e8e\u963b\u529b\u65f6\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u963b\u529b\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a\uff1af=0.02G=0.02\u00d7\uff0860+30\uff09\u00d710=18N\uff0e\u6839\u636e\uff1aP\u51fa=Fv\uff0c\u53c8F=f\u89e3\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a\uff1av=P\u51faf\uff1d12018\uff1d6.67m/s\uff0e\u7b54\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u6b64\u8f66\u7684\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u5728\u989d\u5b9a\u7535\u538b\u4e0b\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u7535\u529f\u7387\u662f140W\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u7535\u529f\u7387\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u673a\u68b0\u529f\u7387\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u70ed\u529f\u7387\uff0c\u673a\u68b0\u529f\u7387\u548c\u70ed\u529f\u7387\u4e4b\u548c\u4e3a\u7535\u529f\u7387\uff0e\uff083\uff09\u6b64\u4eba\u9a91\u8f66\u884c\u9a76\u7684\u6700\u5927\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a6.67m/s\uff0e
（1）此车永磁电机在额定电压下正常工作的额定输出功率为：P出=U额×I额-I额2R=35×4-42×1.25W=120W
（2）此车所受的阻力为：f=k（m+M）g=0.02×（30+70）×10N=20N
最大速度时牵引力与阻力平衡，即为：F=f
由P出=Fvmax=fvmax
得：vmax=
| P出 |
| f |
| 120 |
| 20 |
以最大速度沿平直公路行使1200m所用时间为：t=
| s |
| vmax |
| 1200 |
| 6 |
蓄电池耗能：W=EIt=3 6×4×200J=28800J
答：（1）此车永磁电机在额定电压下正常工作的额定输出功率为120W；
（2）仅在永磁电机以额定功率提供动力的情况下，人骑自行车的最大速度为6m/s，当人骑自行车以此最大速度沿平直公路行驶1200m，电瓶消耗化学能为28800J．
绛旓細锛1锛夋杞姘哥鐢垫満鍦ㄩ瀹氱數鍘嬩笅姝ｅ父宸ヤ綔鐨勯瀹氳緭鍑哄姛鐜囦负锛 P鍑=U棰澝桰棰-I棰2R=35脳4-42脳1.25W=120W锛2锛夋杞︽墍鍙楃殑闃诲姏涓猴細f=k锛坢+M锛塯=0.02脳锛30+70锛壝10N=20N鏈澶ч熷害鏃剁壍寮曞姏涓庨樆鍔涘钩琛★紝鍗充负锛欶=f鐢盤鍑=Fvmax=fvmax寰楋細vmax=P鍑篺=12020m/s=6m/s浠ユ渶澶ч熷害娌垮钩鐩...
绛旓細鎵浠鐢靛姩鏈虹殑鏁堢巼涓 畏= P 鍑 P 鍏 =85.7% 鈶★紙2锛夎杞︾殑璐ㄩ噺涓簃锛屽垯杞﹁椹舵椂鎵鍙楅樆鍔涗负f=k锛圡+m锛塯 鈶㈠綋杈惧埌鏈澶ч熷害v m 鏃讹紝搴旀湁P 鍑 =fv m 鈶ｆ墍浠ユ渶澶
绛旓細锛1锛 锛2锛 锛3锛 璇曢鍒嗘瀽锛氾紙1锛夊洜涓 锛屾墍浠ユ湁 锛岃В寰 锛1鍒嗭級锛2锛変粠鍥句腑鍙緱 , 鏍规嵁鍏紡 锛2鍒嗭級锛3锛夊彈鍒扮殑闃诲姏锛 锛1鍒嗭級 鍙堢煡閬 褰撳叾鍖閫熻繍鍔ㄦ椂鏈夛細 鑱旂珛鍙緱锛 锛1鍒嗭級
绛旓細浠庤〃鏍兼暟鎹腑璇诲嚭棰濆畾鐢靛帇涓40V锛岄瀹氱數娴佷负3锛5A锛涙晠棰濆畾鍔熺巼涓猴細P=UI=40脳3.5=140W锛涙晠閫塀锛
绛旓細瑙ｅ緱P鍏=160W锛宺=2.5惟锛 锛2锛鐢靛姩鏈虹殑鏁堢巼涓何=p鍑篜鍏ッ100%=75% 锛3锛夎嫢鐢垫満绐佺劧鍗℃鏃讹紝涓虹函鐢甸樆鐢佃矾锛歅=U2r锛4022.5锛640w 绛旓細锛1锛夋杞︾數鏈虹殑鍐呴樆涓恒2.5惟銆锛2锛夌數鏈烘甯稿伐浣滄椂鐨勬晥鐜囦负75%銆锛3锛夊湪棰濆畾鐢靛帇涓嬶紝鐢垫満绐佺劧鍗℃鏃讹紝鐢垫満鐨勬诲姛鐜囦负640W ...
绛旓細锛1锛夌敱琛ㄦ牸璇诲嚭鐢垫満鐨勯瀹氱數鍘婾=40V锛岄瀹氱數娴両=4A锛岄瀹氳緭鍑哄姛鐜囷細P鍑=120W鐢垫満杈撳叆鐨勬槸鐢靛姛鐜囷紝鎬诲姛鐜囩瓑浜庣數鍔熺巼锛屽緱鍒帮細P鎬=IU=40脳4W=160W鐢垫満姝ｅ父宸ヤ綔鏃剁殑鏁堢巼锛毼=P鍑篜鎬幻100%=120160脳100%=75%锛2锛夋牴鎹兘閲忓畧鎭掑緱锛屽唴閮ㄥ彂鐑姛鐜嘝鐑=P鎬-P鍑猴紝鍙圥鐑=I2r鍒欐湁P鎬-P鍑=I2rr=...
绛旓細鐢辫〃鏍艰鍑虹數鏈虹殑棰濆畾鐢靛帇U=40V锛岄瀹氱數娴両=3.5A锛岄瀹氳緭鍑哄姛鐜嘝 鍑 =120W锛屽嵆涓鐢靛姩鏈哄湪棰濆畾鐢靛帇涓嬫甯稿伐浣滄椂鐨勬満姊板姛鐜囷紝鎵浠閿欒锛涚數鏈烘甯稿伐浣滄椂娑堣楃殑鐢靛姛鐜囨诲姛鐜囦负 P 鎬 =IU=40脳3.5W=140W锛屾墍浠閿欒锛孊姝ｇ‘锛涙晠閫塀锛
绛旓細1 =120N 鏍规嵁鐗涢】绗簩瀹氬緥寰楋細a= F 1 -k(M+m)g M+m =1m/s 2 绛旓細锛1锛変粎璁╃數鏈哄湪棰濆畾鍔熺巼鎻愪緵鍔ㄥ姏鐨勬儏鍐典笅锛屼汉楠戣溅琛岄┒鐨勬渶澶ч熷害涓6m/s锛涳紙2锛変粎璁╃數鏈哄湪棰濆畾鍔熺巼鎻愪緵鍔ㄥ姏鐨勬儏鍐典笅锛屽綋杞﹂熶负v 1 =1.0m/s鏃讹紝浜洪獞杞︾殑鍔犻熷害a鐨勫ぇ灏忎负1m/s 2 锛
绛旓細搴旀湁锛歅鍑=fvm鎵浠ユ渶澶ч熷害锛歷m=P鍑篺=10020=5m/s锛3锛夎姝ゆ椂杞︾殑鍔犻熷害涓篴锛屾牴鎹墰椤跨浜屽畾寰嬶紝鏈夛細F-f=锛圡+m锛塧瑙ｅ緱锛欶=f+锛圡+m锛塧=100Nv=PF锛100100=1m/s鏁呭姞閫熸椂闂达細t锛漹a锛10.8锛1.25s绛旓細锛1锛夋杞︽案纾佷綋鐢垫満鍦ㄩ瀹氱數鍘嬩笅姝ｅ父宸ヤ綔鐨勬晥鐜囦负83.3%锛庯紙2锛変粎鍦ㄦ案纾佷綋鐢垫満浠...
绛旓細鐗靛紩鍔涗笌闃诲姏骞宠 锛屼负锛欶 鐗 =f=20N鏁呰緭鍑哄姛鐜囦负锛歅 鍑 =F 鐗 v=fv瑙ｅ緱锛歷= P 鍑 f = 120 20 =6m/s绛旓細锛1锛夋杞︾殑鐢靛姩鏈哄湪棰濆畾鐢靛帇涓嬫甯稿伐浣滄椂锛屾秷鑰楃殑鐢靛姛鐜囨槸160W锛涳紙2锛夋鐢靛姩鏈虹殑鍐呴樆鏄2.5惟锛涚數鍔ㄦ満姝ｅ父宸ヤ綔鏃剁殑鏁堢巼涓75%锛涳紙3锛夋浜洪獞杞﹁椹剁殑鏈澶...
