（6分）在标准状况下，将224 L氯化氢气体溶于635 mL的水（密度为1 g/cm 3 ）中，所得盐酸的密度为1.18 g/
\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c06224L \u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u6c14\u4f53\u6eb6\u4e8e635mL \u7684\u6c34\uff08\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a1 g/cm³\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u76d0 \u9178\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a1.18g/cm3\u3002\u89e3\uff1a
\uff081\uff09224L\u7684\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u4e3a\uff1an(HCl) = V / Vm = 224 / 22.4 = 10mol
\u5219\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a\uff1am(HCl) = n * M = 10 * 36.5 = 365g
\u914d\u5236\u6210\u7684\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u603b\u8d28\u91cf\u662f\uff1am(\u6eb6\u6db2) = m(HCl) + m(\u6c34) = 365 + 635*1 = 1000g
\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\u662f\uff1a
w(HCl) = m(HCl) / m(\u6eb6\u6db2) = 365 / 1000 = 36.5%
\uff082\uff09\u7a00\u91ca\u524d\u76d0\u9178\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u79ef\u662f\uff1a
V(\u603b) = m(\u6eb6\u6db2) / p(\u6eb6\u6db2) = 1000 / 1.18 = 847.5mL
\u5219\u53d6100mL\u7684\u76d0\u9178\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u7684\u6c2f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u662f\uff1a
n\uff08\u53d6)= 100 / 847.5 * n(HCl) = 100 / 847.5 * 10 = 1.18mol
\u7a00\u91ca\u52301.45L\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\u662f\uff1a
c(HCl) = n(\u53d6) / V(\u7a00\u91ca\u540e) = 1.18 / 1.45 = 0.81mol/L
\u7efc\uff1a\u7a00\u91ca\u524d\u8be5\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\u662f36.5% \uff1b
\u53d6100mL\u76d0\u9178\u7a00\u91ca\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u7a00\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\u662f 0.81mol/L \u3002
2. \u8003\u8651\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u4f60\u7b97\u9519\u4e86(.\u4f30\u8ba1\u662f\u5355\u4f4d\u641e\u9519\u4e86)
V = 1000/1.18 = 847 mL = 0.847 L
C1 = 10/0.847 = 11.8 mol/L
V1 = 10 mL = 0.010 L
C1V1 = C2V2
11.8 * 0.010 = C2 * 1.18
C2 = 0.1 mol/L
| （1）36.5%，（2）11.8mol/L，（3） 0.081mol/L 绛旓細p浠ｈ〃瀵嗗害 HCl鐨勮川閲=(V/Vm)*M=(224/22.4)*36.5=365g HCl鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲=(V/Vm)=(224/22.4)=10mol m(H2O)=p(H2O)*V =1*635=635 HCl鐨勬憾娑茬殑璐ㄩ噺=635+365=1000 鎵寰楃洂閰哥殑璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟=365/1000=36.5 绛旓細婧惰川姘寲姘㈢殑鎽╁皵鏁版槸锛224L/(22.4L/mol=10.0mol 锛涙隘鍖栨阿婧朵簬姘村悗寰楀埌鐨勬憾娑茶川閲忔槸锛10.0mol*36.5g/mol+635ml*1.00g/ml =365g+635g=1000g 锛涙隘鍖栨阿姘存憾娑茬殑浣撶Н鏄細1000g/(1.18g/ml)=847ml 锛涙墍寰楃洂閰哥殑鐗╄川閲忔祿搴︽槸锛(10.0mol/847ml)*1000ml/L=11.8mol/L 銆 绛旓細p浠ｈ〃瀵嗗害 HCl鐨勮川閲=(V/Vm)*M=(224/22.4)*36.5=365g HCl鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲=(V/Vm)=(224/22.4)=10mol m(H2O)=p(H2O)*V =1*635=635 HCl鐨勬憾娑茬殑璐ㄩ噺=635+365=1000 鎵寰楃洂閰哥殑璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟=365/1000=36.5 绋閲婂悗鐩愰吀鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴=10/1.19=8.40mol/L ... 绛旓細L-1=0.0026 mol锛岃鍔犲叆绋鐩愰吀鐨勪綋绉渶澶氫笉瓒呰繃x mL锛屽垯n锛圚Cl锛=1mol?L-1脳0.001x L=0.001x mol锛屾牴鎹弽搴擭a2CO3+HCl鈺怤aHCO3+NaCl锛屽彲寰0.0026=0.001x锛岃В寰梮=2.6锛屾晠绛旀涓猴細2.6锛涳紙3锛夌粡杩囧弽搴旓紝钂稿彂涓拰鍚庣殑婧舵恫锛屾渶鍚庢墍寰楀浐浣撲负NaCl锛屾牴鎹瓹l鍏冪礌瀹堟亽锛歯锛圢aCl锛=n锛圚Cl锛=... 绛旓細鍥犱负鍓嶅悗鐨勪綋绉彲鑳芥湁鍙樺寲锛屾墍浠ヤ笉鑳界洿鎺ョ敤 224/22.4/0.33= 30.3mol/L 棰樻剰鍙煡锛22.4L姘ㄦ皵鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎负 10mol 璐ㄩ噺涓10x17=170g锛0.33L姘寸殑璐ㄩ噺涓330g 婧舵恫鐨勮川閲忎负 170+330=500g 鎵浠ユ憾娑茬殑浣撶Н涓簃/p=500/0.8= 625ml=0.625L 鎵浠ョ墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴︿负 10/0.625=16mol/L 鎵浠ワ紝锛1... 绛旓細(1)36.5%銆11.8 mol路L 锛1 銆(2)1 mol路L 锛1 (3)2.6銆(4)5.85 (1)n(HCl)锛 锛10 mol锛宮(HCl)锛10 mol脳36.5 g路mol 锛1 锛365 g锛岀洂閰哥殑璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟w锛 脳100%锛36.5%锛宑(HCl)锛 锛 锛11.8 mol路L 锛1 銆(2)鏍规嵁c(娴)路V(娴)锛漜(绋)路V(绋... 绛旓細鍡紝鏀硅繃鏉ヤ簡 锛1锛塶(HCl) = 224/22.4 = 10mol m(HCl) = 10*36.5 = 365g 鎵浠ョ洂閰哥殑璐ㄩ噺鍒嗘暟 = 365/(365+635) = 36.5 婧舵恫浣撶Н = (365+635)/1.2 = 833mL = 0.833L 鎵浠ョ洂閰哥殑鐗╄川鐨勯噺娴撳害 = 10/0.833 = 12mol/L 锛2锛夌█閲婂嶆暟 = 2/0.01 = 200 鎵浠ョ█閲婂悗鐗╄川鐨... 绛旓細1.224HCL鍗10molHCl m(HCl)=10mol*36.5g/mol=365g 婧舵恫鎬昏川閲365g+635g=1000g 鍗847.46mL=0.84746L C(HCL)==10mol/0.84746L=11.8mol/L 鎵浠ユ憾浜庢按婧舵恫鐗╄川鐨勯噺娴撳害涓11.8mol/L 10.0ml涓湁HCl 0.118mol C(绋閲)=0.118mol/1.45L=0.0813mol/L 2.纰抽吀閽犵墿璐ㄧ殑閲忎负0.0026... 绛旓細姘斾綋婧惰В鍚庯紝娑蹭綋鐨勪綋绉細鏈夊彉鍖栵紝浣嗘槸鎬昏川閲忕瓑浜庢憾璐ㄥ拰婧跺墏鐨勮川閲忓拰 m鎬=m(HCI)+m(H2O)=224L*36.5g/mol/22.4mol/L+635ml*1g/ml=646.63g V鎬=646.63g/1.18g/cm3=547.99cm3 c(鍒滺CI)=224L/22.4mol/L/0.54799L=18.25mol/L 0.010L*18.25mol/L=1.45L*c c=0.126mol/L ... 绛旓細锛1锛12.0 mol路 L -1 锛2锛26.9 L33.6 g 锛1锛塶(HCl)="224" L/22.4 L路 mol -1 ="10.0" molm(HCl婧舵恫)="635" g+10.0 mol脳36.5 g路 mol -1 =1.00脳10 3 gc(HCl)= =" 12.0 " mol 路 L -1 锛2锛塇Cl+NaHCO 3 ===NaCl+H 2 O+CO 2 鈫1 mol ... 本站交流只代表网友个人观点，与本站立场无关 |
